Regulation of Reproductive Function in the Male: Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry of MeioisisDr. Stuart Ravnik, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas. This is a recruiting visit.

W 4 pm BI 234

Dr. Snorri Sigurdsson, Research Asst. Professor University of Washington in biophysical chemistry. Application of EPR Spectroscopy for the Study of RNA-Ligand Interactions

Friday , 315 pm, CB 285

Exams will be on Wednesday Evenings (Micro will be Monday)

January 28 and February 25

Office hours truncated today.

Figure 12-45 Secretory Pathway

Figure 11-1 The stereochemical relationships, shown in Fischer projection, among the D-aldoses

with three to six carbon atoms.

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Figure 11-2 The stereochemical relationships among the D-ketoses with three

to six carbon atoms.

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Figure 11-3 The reactions of alcohols with (a) aldehydes to form hemiacetals and

(b) ketones to form hemiketals.

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Figure 11-4 Cyclization reactions for hexoses.

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Figure 11-5 The anomeric monosaccharides -D-glucopyranose and -

D-glucopyranose, drawn as both Haworth projections and ball-and-stick models.

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Figure 11-6 Conformations of the cyclohexane ring (a) in the boat conformation and (b) in the

chair conformation.

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Figure 11-8 The acid-catalyzed condensation of -D-glucose with methanol

to form an anomeric pair of methyl-D-glucosides.

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Figure 11-11 N-Acetylneuraminic acid in its linear and pyranose forms.

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Sialic acid

Figure 11-12a Several common disaccharides. (a) Sucrose.

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Figure 11-12b Several common disaccharides. (b) Lactose.

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Figure 11-13 Electron micrograph of the cellulose fibers

in the cell wall of the alga Chaetomorpha melagonium.

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Figure 11-14 The primary structure of cellulose.

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Figure 11-15 Proposed structural model of cellulose.

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Cell wall architecture

extensin

Pectins

Common sugars found in plant polysaccharides

Pectin structures

Cross-bridging and esterification in pectins

Figure 11-16 Structure of chitin.

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Figure 11-17a -Amylose. (a) The D-glucose residues of

-amylose are linked by (1 4) bonds (red).

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Figure 11-17b -Amylose. (b) This regularly repeating polymer forms a left-

handed helix.

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Figure 11-18aAmylopectin. (a) Its primary

structure near one of its (1 6) branch points (red).

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Figure 11-18b Amylopectin. (b) Its bushlike

structure with glucose residues at branch points indicated in red.

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Figure 11-20 The disaccharide repeating units of the common glycosaminoglycans.

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Figure 11-23 Schematic diagram comparing the cell envelopes of (a) gram-

positive bacteria and (b) gram-negative bacteria.

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Figure 11-24aChemical structure of peptidoglycan.(a) The repeating unit of peptidoglycan.

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NAGNAM

Both + and - walls

Figure 11-24b Chemical structure of peptidoglycan. (b) The S. aureus bacterial cell wall peptidoglycan.

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Figure 11-25 Structure of penicillin.

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From yeastPrevents crosslinking ofpeptides

Alexander Fleming

Figure 11-26 Enzymatic inactivation of penicillin.

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Figure 11-29a N-Linked oligosaccharides. (a) All N-glycosidic protein attachments

occur through a -N-acetylglucosamino–Asn bond to Asn–X–Ser/Thr.

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Figure 11-29c N-Linked oligosaccharides. (c) Some examples of N-

linked oligosaccharides.

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Figure 11-30 Some common O-glycosidic attachments of

oligosaccharides to glycoproteins (red).

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Figure 11-33a The surfaces of (a) a normal mouse cell as seen in the electron microscope. (b) a cancerous cell as seen in the

electron microscope.

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a b

Agglutinated with Conconavalin A--specific for glc and man

“Alfonse, Biochemistry makes my head hurt!!”\