Christian Art Work done by: Sofia Machado n4 Dora Ferreira N6
Elsa Cardoso N7 Fernando Couto N8 Hugo Pereira N10
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Piet by Michelangelo The Piet is a recurring theme in religious
art. This beautiful work was carved in marble by Michelangelo, in
his early twenties, between 1498 and 1499. The greatness of this
masterpiece can not be explained, only felt. The Virgin Mary holds
the dead body of Christ after his crucifixion and removal from the
cross, but before he was placed in the tomb.
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Piet This was a special work of art even in the Renaissance
because multi-figured sculptures were rare at the time. The two
figures are carved so as to appear in a unified composition which
forms the shape of a pyramid, widely used in other Renaissance
works. To achieve this, Michelangelo altered and modified the body
proportions, making Jesus smaller than his mother to show that is
her child.
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Madonna in the Meadow, by Raphael Also called Madonna
Belvedere, this painting shows the Virgin with Christ and St. John
the Baptist in a tender moment in the Tuscan setting. St. John the
Baptist was the patron of Florence so this was very appropriate.
The figures are arranged in a pyramidal composition, which Raphael
learned from Leonardo da Vinci.
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The Holy Family Basilica by Gaudi The Holy Family is the most
famous and characteristic landmark in Barcelona. The church is
being built since 1882 and is supposed to be finished in 2026.
Gaudi directed the works until his death in 1926. It is a UNESCO
World Heritage Site. Gaudi, a young architect, combined Gothic and
Art Nouveau forms.
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The Holy Family Basilica by Gaudi Gaudi choose geometric shapes
for the different elements of the chapels, including the columns,
windows, spires and ceilings with a specific system of proportions.
The plan of the church has an unusual feature: a covered passage
(cloister) which forms a rectangle enclosing the church and passing
through the atrium of each of its three portals. The towers on the
Nativity faade are crowned with geometrically shaped tops that are
reminiscent of Cubism. Gaudi also used hyperboloid structures in
later designs of The Holy Family.
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He was sure it was impossible for him to finish the project. So
he left everything completely resolved in a few geometric laws that
I will now explain to you. (Lluis Bonet, executive architect) All
the dimensions of the design are based on proportional divisions of
12, from the span of the main nave and transepts to the diameters
of the elliptical medallions on the capitals of the piers; All the
forms are developed from the transformation of basic geometric
figures without discontinuities, as Gaudi found in nature; For
example, the base of each pier in the nave has a different
polygonal shape. As the pier rises, it shifts through different
sections, each time with more vertices, until it becomes circular
at its head.
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The Last Supper by Leonardo da Vinci Perspective Drawing is an
application of geometry that artists use to organise the
arrangement of space in a picture. For many centuries, artists have
been inspired by the visual beauty and order that exists in
geometry and they have used it in many ways to help the composition
of their art. Leonardo da Vinci uses the geometry of perspective to
make Christ the unmistakable focal point of the painting. Besides,
the circles around the figure of Jesus mean that all knowledge of
God.
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Leonardo has cleverly divided the 12 disciples into groups of
3, surround Christ, in the centre of the painting. Alone in the
centre, Christ's open arms encompass him into a triangular shape,
expressing the Holy Trinity. The four groups around him are boxed
within their areas of the painting. Like in most of Leonardo's
works, geometric shapes are present and essential.
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St. Peters Basilica - Rome St. Peter's Basilica in Rome is an
example of geometric perfection. The church design is based on a
square, the symbol of perfection. The square plan considers how
processions had become an integral part of Catholic worship at the
time, the form of the Basilica divides into quadrants separated by
four processional naves to form a Greek Cross in plan. St. Peter's
Square is a perfect geometric example marked by a symmetrical
visual axis. It is formed by a succession of open spaces that lead
us to a large elliptical place.
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St. Peters Basilica - Rome
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Christian Art and Mathematics Geometry has been employed
symbolically in religious architecture to cause spiritual effect.
Sacred Geometry, specifically the circle and the square, was used
in Italian High Renaissance architecture to designate a house of
God. Squares, arcs, triangles, rectangles, circles, symmetries are
organized to make a perfect connection between God and man
churches, paintings, sculptures and other art forms are proof of
that.