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Morgan Madonna, 12thc.

(Metropolitan Museum)

French, early 14thc. (St. Louis

Museum)

hy did

people

con!ert"

(#ugustine)

The Rise of Christianity

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)

Early Followers 1. middle class $ho li!ed

in cities

2. %ro!incials $ho didn&t

'eel oman. ealthy $omen"

hat *inds these groups

together"

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1. Persecutions

+ sporadic, in times o' crisis

(e.g. 2-s)

+ idea o' treason

+ production o' martyrs

2. Acceptance

+ Constantine&s dict o'

Milan (1)

+ Theodosius/ made

0hristianity o''icial religion

in 1

hat $as the relationship *et$een pagans

and 0hristians"

(ypatia)

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3he Martyrdom o' St. uirico

(12th c. illumination, 5arcelona

Museum o' 0atalan #rt)

3he Martyrdom o' St. Stephen

(5ernardo 6addi, 124, Santa

0roce, Florence)

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Church Structure

Laity

0lergy

+ Secular clergy

(priests, *ishops,arch*ishops, pope)

+ egular clergy

(mon7s, nuns, a**ots,a**esses)

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The Rise of Monasticism

1. Eremitic Monasticism !esert Fathers"

+ ermits, li7e St. #nthony (c. 2-+8)

2. Ceno#itic Monasticism

+ 6ou*le monasteries

+ 9ohn 0assian (c. 8-+4) / transmitted thisli'estyle to est

Monastery of St. Catherine,Mt. Sinai

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$enedictine Monasticism

St. 5enedict o' :ursia (c.4;-+

-) + 'ounded one o' themost important early

monasteries in est, called

Montecassino

hy $as his Ruleso

in'luential" (5enedictine ule)

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%lan o' St.

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Monastic ours>?

Matins (at sunrise)%rime (during the 'irst hour o' daylight)

3erce (at the third hour)

Se@t (at the si@th hour)

:one (at the ninth hour)

Aespers (at the end o' the day)

0ompline (upon retiring)

Aigils (sometime during the night)

?(Bou&re not e@pected to remem*er the names o' these prayersCDD)

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hat $as the impact o'

monasticism on society"

Chi-Rho page,Lindisfarne Gospels, late7th c.

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Missionary Acti%ity

& 6esire to con!ert pagans and #rian

0hristians

+ %ersuasion through assimilating other

religious customsSt. Patric' d. ()1"

St. *eo#a d. +,2"