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Christmas traditions nicolaou

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In the Canadian provinces where English is the predominant language, Christmas traditions are

largely similar to those of the United States, with some lingering influences from the United Kingdom and newer traditions brought by immigrants from

other European countries. Mince pies, plum pudding and Christmas cake are traditionally served in English Canada as Christmas dinner desserts, following the traditional meal of roast turkey,

stuffing, potatoes and winter vegetables. Christmas table crackers are not uncommon in

English-speaking Canada. In some parts of Newfoundland and Nova Scotia Christmas

traditions include mummers

North American influences on Christmas are evident in the hanging of stockings on Christmas

Eve, to be filled by Santa Claus. However, Canadian children believe that the home of Santa Claus is located at the North Pole, in Canada, and through

Canada Post address thousands of letters to Santa Claus each year, using the postal code designation "HOH OHO", a play on Canada's six digit postal

code that includes letters and numbers. Decorated Christmas trees, either fresh cut or artificial,

introduced to Canada in 1781 originally by German soldiers stationed in Quebec during the American Revolution, are now common in private homes and commercial spaces throughout most of Canada.

As Canada is a cold, dark country in winter, lights are often put up in public places, and on

commercial and residential buildings in November and December. Many communities have

celebrations that include light events, such as the Cavalcade of Lights Festival in Toronto, the Montreal Christmas Fireworks or the Bright Nights in Stanley Park, Vancouver. A national

program, Christmas Lights Across Canada, illuminates Ottawa, the national capital, and the 13

provincial and territorial capitals.

Christmas Day on December 25 is a national holiday in Brazil. In the small cities in the entire country, as well as in the largest cities, like São

Paulo, Rio de Janeiro, Recife, Salvador, Fortaleza, Curitiba, Porto Alegre, Brasília, Manaus, Belém,

Natal and Belo Horizonte, the celebrations resemble in many ways the traditions in Europe and

North America, with the Christmas tree, the exchanging of gifts and Christmas cards, the

decoration of houses and buildings with electric lights and the nativity scene. Despite the warm

tropical summer weather, some incongruence such as decorations with themes of winter and snow are

not uncommon.

In some cities like Curitiba, there are decoration contests, when judges go to houses to look at the decorations, inside or outside of the house, and

decide the most beautiful house. Christmas Eve is the most important day. Unlike in the North

American and Anglo-Saxon tradition, Christmas takes action mainly near midnight, usually with big

family dinners, opening of gifts and the celebration of the "Missa do Galo" (the rooster's

mass) in churches throughout the nation.

In Venezuela, Christmas is celebrated as a religious occasion. As in Colombia, the presents are brought by “El Niño Jesus” (Baby Jesus) instead of “Papá Noél” (Santa

Claus), that still has an important role during this season.

The unofficial start of the Christmas festivities is after the celebrations of "Feria de la Chinita", second half of

November. The origin of this festival is the cult to Virgin Mary of Chiquinquirá, when various religious activities, processions, and music in the typical "Gaita style" to

honor "La Chinita" (nickname of this Virgin). This event takes place in the Zulia Region, specifically in Maracaibo (the regional capital). After this, other cities join in the

festivities and many activities take place including musical events and firework displays.

In many cities, small rural towns and neighborhoods get together for the "patinatas" night festivals where children go

and play with skateboards, roller blades and bicycles. This events are usually sponsored by the local church, where

neighbors organize themselves and sell typical Christmas food, hot chocolate, hallaca, cookies, etc. Also still in some

neighborhoods there is the "Parranda" where people go from one house to house with music and Christmas songs. The singers stops at neighbors' houses to get some food and drinks. Also in the Venezuelan Andes there is the same tradition of this kind of event but they carry an image of "baby Jesus" and this is called "Paradura del Niño." Children write request letters to

Baby Jesus. The presents are sent by Baby Jesus at midnight, and most people have a party, which goes on until sunrise.

Christmas (or Il-Milied, as it's known in Maltese) in Malta is mainly a religious affair since most of the population is Christian. Midnight Masses are very popular and traditional Christmas processions with a statue of the baby Jesus take place in the towns and villages of the islands on Christmas Eve, led by children attending the M.U.S.E.U.M. (Society of Christian Doctrine). However over the years, the island has adopted other popular Christmas customs and traditions such as the Christmas tree and Father Christmas.

A public holiday in Malta, Christmas Day is celebrated on December 25 and is a time to spend with family. Christmas lunch usually consists of turkey served with potatoes and vegetables (reflecting the fact it's a former British colony). Presents are normally exchanged either on Christmas Eve or on Christmas Day.

A local Christmas specialty is the "Qaghaq ta' l-Ghasel" or Honey Rings. These Maltese Christmas sweets are eaten as a dessert during the Christmas season but can also be purchased all year round. Christmas cribs (Nativity scenes) are a popular Christmas tradition and can be seen in most homes, alongside the Christmas tree and the child Jesus in a manger.

Another Christmas tradition is the planting of ġulbienacommon vetch seeds in flat-bottomed pots. These seeds are planted around the beginning of December, normally placed on white cotton and watered every day whilst being kept in the dark all the time. They are usually taken out just before Christmas, and resemble long white spaghetti-like strands of leaves (since they would have grown in the dark).