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Christopher Columbus first arrives in the Americas in 1492
1501 – Portuguese explorer AmerigoVespucci claims that the lands discovered by Columbus was NOT Asia, but rather was a new world
1507 – A German mapmaker names the American continent after Vespucci
Over the next 200 years, other European explorers sail across the Atlantic in search of new lands to claim Portugal, England, France, Netherlands
(Dutch)
Rivalry between Spain and Portugal over territory in the new world was very intense
1493: Pope Alexander VI suggests dividing the territory Line of Demarcation: imaginary dividing line drawn
north to south through the Atlantic Ocean All territory to the west = Spain
All territory to the east = Portugal
Line of Demarcation
(1493)
Rivalry between Spain and Portugal over territory in the new world was very intense
1493: Pope Alexander VI suggests dividing the territory Line of Demarcation: imaginary dividing line drawn
north to south through the Atlantic Ocean All territory to the west = Spain
All territory to the east = Portugal
1494: Spain and Portugal sign the Treaty of Tordesillas– moves the Line of Demarcation further west
Line of Demarcation
(1493)
Line of Demarcation
(Treaty of Tordesillas 1494)
Conquistador: Spanish for conqueror
1519 – 1521: Hernando Cortez defeats the Aztecs Montezuma II – Aztec
emperor
1532: Francisco Pizarro defeats the Inca
More advanced weapons & DISEASE!
By the middle of the 16th
century, Spain has an American Empire
Northwest Passage: route over North America to Asia
France establish colony (New France) in modern day Canada Based on trade
English establish colony in Jamestown, Virginia
Dutch establish colony called New Netherland in modern day NE United States
Central & South America North America
Europeans seek cheap labor --- began using enslaved Africans
Atlantic Slave Trade: the buying and selling Africans for work in the Americas
Between 1500 & 1600, nearly 300,000 Africans were transported to the Americas
1700s: nearly 1.3 million
The global transfer of foods, plants, and animals during the colonization of the Americas