AUOprc Tr 0tc6A

FAJAR INTERNATIONAL COLLEGE

COURSE TITLE;

osH LEGISLATION {OSH 104)

I roprc,

r. r CIMAH REGULATION

DEFIN ITION

\Atrat is MAJOR ACCIDENTS

o uncontrolled events

o involving fire, explosion, release

o resulted in deaths and injuries (on sitei offsite)

o leading to serious danger to human health and/orthe environment

o resulted from the use or storage of flammable,toxic or explosive substance a

EXRIT,IPTE: MAJOR ACCIDENTS

AROUND THE WORLD

Arnmoniur nitr ate (fu'e ) 6o oorr ct'actrated f rauce

li*:rlrr.rrt {lil<1, i? :l irili;

1hr1'l ChJorirle (fxplosion) 17 19 Bulgoia

I:irerr,ori:s (lirpic:ionl l.; b l-'iriiiPrrrucr

Clrlorlue (Lea.k) 76 US{

L!)G il:.;}kriiionl i',irlr r.lilr.t-cal:!(i!: tr'inr:lco t'it:

Propue t[xplosion) ir -Q.!F!elb, Spain

r987

ts86

ii:{,iii

t9l3S

EXAMPLE: MAJOR FIRES

lv'letharre tl6 77 Cleveland, Ohio tg4-l

l.PC iULl\t-L t ili irr.' [",iiJ.ia, i]iruur.r: irit'oI-i\6 4o - Stiten Island, Neu'lbrk t97tli{cthanc -i::r - st:rl] (.lrui.. I{r:xii:.<: lit?tri

LPG (BL[!'E) 65o rjoo lvlerico 198;

EXAMPLE: MAJOR EXPLOSION

Dimethylethei(;rlselelsobutaneF'lo:ivieirePropane

'.1!'cioiie>:ai,i;Propylene

245 3800':a i;

/ to

I t3t2'x t-q14 107

EXAMPLE: TOXIC RELEASE

Phosgene ro - PozaRica, Mexico t95o lll(..ixrri:.- ,i - lf iisrr:ii. {r(:r::l.l;Li:\ r:ra:: llltlioxinrTCDD Seveso. lull' toy'l lll.i\.ul:I:i;l::ir .],) :: {..i,rla(i::l;r r..ti,ltti;:;: t!;; lllSulphtu dioxide . roo Baltimore, lviaryland 1978

i!;,ririigel:i:rlllltie ll fr,- {i.r:ii:agr,. iliu:r-:Li .ril::!

Nlerhvllrocyanate zooLr 20, ocio Bhopal, Irrdia 1984

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MruoR nccrorrur 1

FlrxsoRoucH, uK (197 4\

-lJ o,,,

. Massive Explosion

. 30 tonnes of hydrocarbon

Mruon AccTDENT 2

PIPER ALPHA PLATFORM, UK (1e88)

. Explosion, fire, and fireballs

. Loss of containment of less than 100 kg nof hydro carbons ("condensate")

before

ffi Maron AccTDENT 3

BP AMoco EXPLosroN, us (2005)

o Explosion was a believed to be the result ofan UnconfinedVapour Cloud Explosion from a release ofBenzene/Heptane from a Raffinate Splitter on a r8o kL/hrlsomerisation Unit.

o The unit was being started up after a z week shutdown forreactor repairs. rz months earlier an explosion on startup

had also occurred with no injuries.

o Exact quantities of hydrocarbon involved have not been

determined as yet. Go CIMAH\Cr Texas City BP Explosion.ppt

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THE NEED FOR REGULATIONS

O Major accidents happened around the world lll,O Protection of workers and other peopie from

major accident

O Protection of environmentO To comply with ILO Convention (zz8)

O To harmonize the system of controlling majoraccident

INTRODUCTION TO CIMAH

Objective

o To prevenf major industrial accidents

o To limit the consequences to people,properry and the environment

,ffi ARRANGEMENT

PART I - Preliminary

PART II - ldentification and notification of an industrial activity

PART III - Demonstration of safe operation

PART IV - Report on industrial activity and preparation ofemergency plan

PARTV - Notification of maioraccident

PART VI - Pena-l

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IPART 1] PRELTMTNARY

Apply to All Industrial Activities, except-

O a nuclear installationO an installation under the armed forces

O a vehicle or vessel transporting the hazardoussubstance to or from the site of industrial activity

O an industrial activitl,which involved a quantity ofhazardous substance less than ro0lo of the thresholdquantily specified in Schedule z.

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INTERPRETATION

major accident" means an occurrence

O including a major emission, fire or explosion

O resulting from uncontrolled developments

O leading to a serious danger to persons

O leading to a serious danger to the environmentO involving one or more hazardous substance

INTERPRETATION

"hazardous substance" can be -

O Very toxic substances

O Other toxic substances

O Flammable substances

O Explosive substances

O Oxidising substances

Schedule r & Part r of Schedule z

5

Very toxic substancesSchedule r: lndicarive Criteria

LDtu(Oral)

mg/hg bodyweicht

LDtu(cutaneous)mgAig body

weisht

LC.u(inhaiation)

mg/l

1 LDso < 5 LD5{J < 10 LCso<01

') 5<LDso<25 l0 < LDso < 50 0.1 <Lcsus0,5

Other toxic substancesSchedule r: Indicative Criteria

LDsr,,LDsuiLCrn(Oral) i(cutaneous) i(inhalation)

mg/kg body weight img4<g body weight I mg/l

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25 < LDs0 < 200 150 < LDro s 400 I0.5 < LC5n < 2ItI

INTERPRETATION

"Major Hazard Installation" means an industrial activiq,which -

O produces, processes, handles, uses, disposes of orstores, either permanently or temporarily, one ormore hazardous substances in quantities which is

equal to or exceed the threshold quantiq,or

O determined by the Director General in accordancewith sub regulation 7(z)

tt

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INTERPRETATION

"Non Major Hazard installation" An industrial activitywhich *

O produces, processes, handles, uses, disposes oforstores, either permanently or temporarily, one ormore hazardous substances in quantities which is-eoual to or exceed ro o/o of the threshold ouantiwand less than the thr

O determined by the Director General in accordancewith sub regulation 7(z) ( "

O*| -t 9'

,ffi MAJOR HAZARD I NSTALLATIO N

OgLtcnrtoN oF MANUFAcTURER

Notify to DOSH of an industrial activiry

Prepare and submit Safery Report and On-SiteEmergency Response Plan to DOSH

Keep up to date report and plan

lnform to the local authorilyHelp local authoriry to prepare off-site ERP

Inform to the public

Inform DOSH of any major accident

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NON MAJOR HAZARD INSTALLATION

OgLIcnrloN OF MANUFACTURER

Identify the possible major accident hazards

Take adequate steps to prevent any major

accidents

Take adequate steps to minimize their

consequences to persons and the environment;

Prepare and keep up to date an adequate on-site

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ffi6) E-.rg.ncy plan detailing how major accidents

will be dealt with.

O Provide at anytime evidence includingdocuments to show that he has carried out theabove items whenever requested by the dg

O Infor- DOSH of any major accident

MHI & NMHIOgLrcnrroN oF MANUFACTURER

Co-operate '*'ith the manufacturer incomplying the CIMAH

Act in such a manner as not to endanger orinjury to himself or other persons or damage tolife and properry

Notify the manufacturer as soon as he

becomes aware of any potential hazards G

d

d

OSTIcRTIoN oF LOCAL AUTHORITY

Received notihcation from manufactu-rer

Prepare, keep up to date and implement an ofFsite emergency response plan

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OslrcRrroru or DOSH

Enforced CIMAHReceive notification of industrial activirl'from manufacturer and develop aninstallation inventory in the nationAssess safery report and emergency plan

Conduct auditConduct accident investigationInterview and gazette the CIMAHCompetent Person

,ffi too*, tl rDENT,FrcATroN AND

NOTIFICATION OF AN INDUSTRIAL ACTIVITY

Regulation 7. ldentification and notification

(r) Every manufacturer sha-ll -

(a) identifo any industrial activiq,u'ithin hiscontrol;

(b) submit the Notification of industrial Activiq,Form specified in the Schedule 5 to theDirector General within r month beforeconstruction. ( ,,

(z)Upon receiving the Notification, the DG may

determine that the installation -

(a) is a maior hazard installation even thoughthe quantify of hazardous substances listedin Part r of schedule z; or hazardoussubstances and preparations falling within a

categories specified in Part z of Schedule zis less that the threshold quantiry when in hisopinion the installation may caused major(r'accident; or

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(b) Is not a maior hazard installslien sysnthough the quantity of hazardous substancesand preparations falling within a category orcategories specified in Part z of Schedule zis equal to or exceed the threshold quantirywhen in his opinion the installation isincapable of causing a major accident.

IPnnr ur] sAFE oPERATToN FoR NMHt

Regulation 9: Application

(a) Industrial activiry involved

- part r of schedule z

- part 2 ofschedule z

(b) Determined as NN,IHI by'DG

ReguJation ro. Demonstration of safe operation

A manufacturer who has control of an industrial activiry to which thiPart applies shall at anytime, at the request of the Director Generalprovide evidence including documents to show tlrat he has -

(a) identified the possible maioraccident hazards; and

(b) taken adequate steps to prevent any major accidents and to

minimise Lheir consequences to persons and the enr.ironment;

(c) Prepared and kept up to date ofemergenry plan

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Regulation u. Review of demonstration of safe operation

The Director General mal,require the manufacturer to

o submit documents on demonstration of safe operationo may review the documents

o shall direct the manufacturer to provide additionalo information

PART lV: REPORT ON INDUSTRIAL ACTIVITY

AND PREPARATION OF EMERGENCY PLAN FOR

MAJO R HAZARD I NSTALLATIO N

Regulation u. Application

This part shall appiy to MAJOR HAZARDINSTALLATION

Regulation r3. Registration of Competent Person

Terms and references

o The appiicant shall be a Malaysian citizen; or a foreign residentwith valid Malaysian working permit.

o Above rwenty-one (zr) years of age.

o Hold a degree or equivalent in one of the following disciplines:engineering, physics, chemistry, biochemistry, ergonomics orapplied science from a recognised Universiry.

o More than three (3) years' practical experience relevant to thework to be performed by a Competent Person urder the GReguJations.

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Knowiedge and experience

o OSH Act, tg94 and CIMAH, 1996

o Safery Management System for loss prevention;

o Emergency response plan;

,ffi

Has adequate knowledge and understanding in thefollor,r'ing areas:-

. identification, assessment and evaluation of hazards andrisks;

. failure cases identification anci scenarios;

. frequency and consequences anaiysis of major accidents;

. ignition sources, topography and meteorology;n sofrwares use in quantitative risk analysis risks

acceptabiJiry criteria;. risks mitigation measures; /-'. land use planning; g

ffiRegulation r4. Report on industrial activiry

lmportance of Safety Reports

o The core of the information for determining:. the suitability of the prevention and control measures;

. the events which the manufacrurer's on-site emergencyplan should be designed to handle;

. the events which off-site emergency plans should be

capable of dealing witi;and*re identification of the key areas for DOSH's inspection ( rs

effort. - llli

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o Qbjective of the doc. identify the nature and scale of use of the

dangerous subsrances. describes the rype, relative likelihood and

consequences of major accidents. describe rhe arrangements for safe operation

and control and mitigation of major accidents.

o The document is of Dractical use:

! as a management tool for use by the compani';

' as a tool for inspection for use by, inspector.

Regulation r5, Modification

. Shall not make any modification

' Unless consulted a Competent Person to preparefurther written

. Sent a copy

. At least 3 months before

' Entitled to take urgent and remedial action

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b{Main Safery Report Contents

(a) lnformation relating to every hazardous substance

(b) lnformation relating to the installation

(c) information relating to the management system forcontrolling the industrial activity

(d) lnformation relating to the potential major

accidents in the form of risk assessment.

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EvTncTrucY RESPONSE PLAN

AimThe aim of an ERP is to ensure an immediate and

appropriate response in the event of emergency

Objectives. minimise personal injury' minimise properry damage, minimise damage to the environment and public' provide immediate resumption of norma.l operations' provide a basis for training and increasing

preparedness forall people involved in an emergencl.' meet legislative requirements.

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EmersencvUnexpected event requiring prompt action whichis beyond to normal day to day activiry

ResponseThe reaction to the actual or potential siruation

Planls an organisation of knowledge which outlineshow something shouid be done or what actions tobe taken or a particular strategy to be followed

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wErr'trRcrrucY RESPoNSE PLAN

Regulation rB, On-site emergency plan

. a plan to deal with onsite emergency

' not pose a threat to the outside communitl,r can controlled by onsite emergenc), team

' minimum response from offsite emergencyservices

. a plan prepared by manufacturer

Components of On-Site ERP

r. Plant Risk Evaluarion - Carried out preliminaryhazard analysis

z. On-Site Emergency Organisation And Teams

3. Detailed Operations Manuals (for each process

unit and utiliry system)

4. Emergencl' Response Procedures

5. Emergency Records G

6. Emergency Equipment and Faciiities

7, Regular Tests of Emergency Equipment andFacilities

8, Training and drills

9. PIan Revieu,and Updates

ro. Audit

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w.

Regulation zr, Off-site emergency plan

. a plan to control major emergencyr pose a threat to the outside community. require the use of offsite resources

extensively, ideally the plan prepared by local authority

,":*,"::';;":,::."' lll. Name of manufacturer and address of site of lll

industrial activity lll. Identification by position held of person giving lll

the information lll

. Confirmation the major hazards site and saferyreport submitted

. Brief explanation on site activiry G

ffi

(conrinued)

- Names of hazardous substances

- Information relating to the nature of a majoraccident hazard and potential effects

- Information on how the population concernedwill be warned and kept informed of accident

- lnformation on the action the populationconcerned should take in the event ofaccident

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(continued):

- Arrangement on site and liaison with off-siteemergency services to deal with emergency

- A reference to the off-site emergency plan drawnup to cope with any off-site effects

- Further relevant information can be obtained.

Information to the Public

. To be written in simple terms

. Avoid technical expressions

. Explain technical terms

. Suited to local language

. To be understood by lay leader

[eanr v] NorFrcATroN oF MAJoR

ACCIDENT

Regulation 23, Notification of major accident

Major accident occurs notify by the quickest means;

i. The circumstances of the accident

ii. The hazardous substances involvediii. Date available for assessing effects

iv. Emergency measures taken

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"&q IPnnr vr] eerunrv

Regulation 24.

(r) Manufacturer. fine not exceeding 5ok or imprisonment not

exceeding 2 years or both

(z) Employee. fine not exceeding rk or imprisonment not

exceeding 3 month or both62

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