Civil Engineering and Mining Projects:Civil Engineering and Mining Projects:Reconciliation of

D i Phil hiDesign Philosophies

Roman Popielak, Golder Associates Inc.Walter Weinig, Golder Associates Inc.

David Vardiman, DUSELDavid Vardiman, DUSEL

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

Joe Carvalho, Ph.D., P.Eng. – Design Lead Rich Humphries, P.Eng. – Design, Ground Supportp , g g , pp Denis O’Donnell, P.Geo – Design, Rock Mechanics Kuantsai Lee, Ph.D. – Risk Analysis Jim Brady – Cost & Schedule Trevor Carter, Ph.D. – Geological Characterization Zbigniew Hladysz Ph D SDSM&T Geotechnical Investigation Lead Zbigniew Hladysz, Ph.D. – SDSM&T, Geotechnical Investigation Lead

Project funded by the National Science Foundationj y

OUTLINE

Science Drivers Why Homestake? Why Homestake? 4850 Campus Layout Mining vs Civil Construction Mining vs. Civil Construction Engineering Approaches

The End Goal The End Goal

SCIENCE DRIVERS FOR DUSEL

Underground Universe (Physics & Astrophysics) Dark Matter Dark Matter Neutrinos Antimatter Antimatter Origins of the Universe

Dark Life (Biolog ) Dark Life (Biology) Restless Earth (Geosciences)

G d T th (G i i ) Ground Truth (Geoengineering) Synergy/Interaction

Between DisciplinesBetween Disciplines

WHY HOMESTAKE?

Large Volume of Accessible Workings

Large Depths for Shielding Sensitive Experiments

Varied and Interesting Geology Existing Infrastructure Strong Community Support

HOMESTAKE/DUSEL HISTORY

Started Mining 1878

Mining ceased 2001, Deepest Workings >8,000 ft

P ff 2003 Pumps off 2003

Property Deeded to SDSTA 2006p y

Dewatering Started 2008

Re-entry at 4850 Level May 2009

Jackleg Drilling

HOMESTAKE SCIENCE HISTORY

1965: Dr. Ray Davis installed neutrino detector, 4850 Level Measured solar neutrinos Measured solar neutrinos 2002: Davis awarded Nobel Prize in physics

Ray Davis inspects neutrinoRay Davis inspects neutrino detector, 1965

4850 LEVEL CAMPUS LOCATION

4850 Level

Campus

4850 LEVEL CAMPUS LAYOUT

Davis

Laboratory Modules

Davis Chamber Yates Shaft Ross Shaft

Large Cavity forNeutrino Detector

#6 Winze#6 Winze

MINING VS. CIVIL CONSTRUCTION

Mining Focus:Mining Focus:Extracted MaterialExtracted Material

Civil Focus:Civil Focus:Excavated OpeningsExcavated OpeningsExtracted MaterialExtracted Material Excavated OpeningsExcavated Openings

MINING VS. CIVIL CONSTRUCTION

Mining Considerations Ore Extraction

Civil Construction Science Operations Ore Extraction

Long Facility Life Short Life for Many

Science Operations Long Facility Life Long Life for Individual Short Life for Many

Individual Openings Primarily Miners

Long Life for Individual Openings

Primarily Scientists Primarily Miners Underground

Ongoing Excavation &

Primarily Scientists Underground

Limited Excavation after Ongoing Excavation & Maintenance

Limited Excavation after Construction

GEOTECHNICAL CHALLENGE OF DUSEL

Very large excavations at significant depth

Preservation of integrity of rocks hosting excavations

Combination of mining and civil engineering approaches

SOLUTIONS TO THE CHALLENGES

Geotechnical investigation

Rock mass characterization

Analytical and numerical modeling

Selection of construction methods Selection of construction methods

4850 LEVEL INVESTIGATION PROGRAM

ROCK MASS CHARACTERIZATION

Lithology Folding Folding Discontinuities

F li ti Foliation Fracture Frequency

ANALYTICAL AND NUMERICAL ANALYSES

CONSTRUCTION CONSIDERATIONS

Safety during construction Drill and blast with Drill and blast with

precision blasting Raise bore likely for Raise bore likely for

vertical elements Appropriate equipment Appropriate equipment Coordination with science

operationsope at o s

FINAL EXCAVATION PRODUCT

Excavations that are: Stable for long term Stable for long term Safe for Lab Operations Meet Science Needs Meet Science Needs

QUESTIONS?