Civil War Events Civil War Events APUSH Chapters 20 & 21APUSH Chapters 20 & 21

Essential QuestionEssential Question::How did President How did President Lincoln increase the Lincoln increase the Power of the presidency Power of the presidency in order to win the Civil in order to win the Civil War?War?

Emancipation ProclamationEmancipation Proclamation• Issued on 1-1-1863 by Lincoln. Although opposed Issued on 1-1-1863 by Lincoln. Although opposed

to slavery, Lincoln did not think the gov’t had the to slavery, Lincoln did not think the gov’t had the power to abolish itpower to abolish itAfter what battle does Lincoln issue this After what battle does Lincoln issue this proclamation?proclamation?AntietamAntietam

• Overtime Lincoln saw that he could not save the Overtime Lincoln saw that he could not save the Union without ending slavery. Union without ending slavery. How did Lincoln authorize the freeing of slaves? How did Lincoln authorize the freeing of slaves? Seizing enemy “property”Seizing enemy “property”

The Proclamation did not free any slaves The Proclamation did not free any slaves immediately b/c it applied only to slaves in the immediately b/c it applied only to slaves in the CSA. It made the war into a struggle to free CSA. It made the war into a struggle to free slavesslaves

The Progress of War: 1861-The Progress of War: 1861-18651865

Gettysburg AddressGettysburg Address

A.A. Given by President Lincoln on 11-19-Given by President Lincoln on 11-19-1863 at Gettysburg, PA four months 1863 at Gettysburg, PA four months after the battle of Gettysburgafter the battle of Gettysburg

B.B. Civil War not only a struggle to save Civil War not only a struggle to save the Union but also to protect the Union but also to protect freedom of all citizensfreedom of all citizens

C.C. ““The United States The United States areare” vs. “The ” vs. “The United States United States isis””

Suspension of Habeas Suspension of Habeas CorpusCorpus

Habeas CorpusHabeas Corpus: Prisoner must be brought into court : Prisoner must be brought into court to determine why they are being detained – to determine why they are being detained – can’t be held in jail without going before a judgecan’t be held in jail without going before a judge

Lincoln suspends Habeas Corpus to discourage Lincoln suspends Habeas Corpus to discourage disloyalty in the North disloyalty in the North 13,000 CSA sympathizers are put in jail without 13,000 CSA sympathizers are put in jail without trial in the Northtrial in the North

Most people were quickly released, Lincoln Most people were quickly released, Lincoln often ignored the heavy protest of the Supreme often ignored the heavy protest of the Supreme Court and general publicCourt and general publicHow does this action increase Lincoln’s power How does this action increase Lincoln’s power as President during the Civil War?as President during the Civil War?

Great Britain & The Civil WarGreat Britain & The Civil War

Why does Britain Why does Britain need cotton from the need cotton from the South? South?

A.A. Recognition by Recognition by Britain would give the Britain would give the CSA legitimacy. Also, CSA legitimacy. Also, the CSA could expect the CSA could expect Britain to help break Britain to help break the Union naval the Union naval blockade blockade

B.B. Why didn’t the South Why didn’t the South receive recognition receive recognition from Britain? from Britain?

TrentTrent Affair Affair Two CSA Two CSA

diplomats on a diplomats on a British ship are British ship are detained by a detained by a Union vessel off Union vessel off the Coast of Cuba the Coast of Cuba

British reaction? British reaction? Union reaction?Union reaction?

AlabamaAlabama Commerce raids Commerce raids

against Union against Union ships around the ships around the worldworld

Built in Britain Built in Britain with a British with a British crew had CSA crew had CSA officers on boardofficers on board

“One war at a time”

The North Initiates the Draft, The North Initiates the Draft, 18631863

Union’s biggest Union’s biggest advantage over advantage over CSA? CSA?

Draft initiated to Draft initiated to tap into large tap into large Union populationUnion population

Results of drafting Results of drafting Irish immigrants in Irish immigrants in NYC?NYC?

Draft Riot of 1863Draft Riot of 1863

NYC Draft Riots, (July 13-16, 1863NYC Draft Riots, (July 13-16, 1863))

Recruiting Irish Immigrants in Recruiting Irish Immigrants in NYCNYC

““Rich man’s war, poor man’s Rich man’s war, poor man’s fight” fight”

How much $$$ to avoid being How much $$$ to avoid being drafted in the North? drafted in the North?

Who could claim exemption in Who could claim exemption in CSA?CSA?

People who owned People who owned >> 20 slaves 20 slaves CSA conscription agents rob both CSA conscription agents rob both

“cradle and the grave” – eligible “cradle and the grave” – eligible for draft if b/w ages of 17 to 50for draft if b/w ages of 17 to 50

The Peace Movement: The Peace Movement: CopperheadsCopperheads

Extreme faction of the Extreme faction of the Peace Democrats Peace Democrats

Openly obstruct Union Openly obstruct Union war effort war effort

Vallandigham exiled to Vallandigham exiled to the CSA made his way the CSA made his way to Canada and speaks to Canada and speaks out against the war out against the war

Strong support in Strong support in Southern OH, IN,ILSouthern OH, IN,IL

Personal attacks on Personal attacks on Lincoln, attacks on the Lincoln, attacks on the draft & emancipation draft & emancipation

Clement Clement VallandighamVallandigham

Clement Clement VallandighamVallandigham

Presidential Election of 1864Presidential Election of 1864

A.A. George McClellan vs. George McClellan vs. Abe Lincoln Abe Lincoln

B.B. War drags on for the War drags on for the North, many people North, many people want to give up – A want to give up – A new Union President new Union President will pull the North out will pull the North out of the war. of the war.

C. How did Sherman’s C. How did Sherman’s capture of Atlanta capture of Atlanta ensured Lincoln’s ensured Lincoln’s reelection? reelection?

George McClellan

Abe Lincoln

Division of Union Political Division of Union Political Parties Parties

Presidential Election of 1864 showing popular vote by county

Presidential Election Presidential Election Results:Results:

18641864

Lincoln’s Second Inaugural Lincoln’s Second Inaugural AddressAddress

MARCH 4, MARCH 4, 18651865

““With malice toward none, with charity for all, With malice toward none, with charity for all, with firmness in the right as God gives us to with firmness in the right as God gives us to see the right, let us strive on to finish the see the right, let us strive on to finish the work we are in, to bind up the nation's work we are in, to bind up the nation's wounds, to care for him who shall have wounds, to care for him who shall have borne the battle and for his widow and his borne the battle and for his widow and his orphan, to do all which may achieve and orphan, to do all which may achieve and cherish a just and lasting peace among cherish a just and lasting peace among ourselves and with all nations.” ourselves and with all nations.”

What was President Lincoln asking the nation to do? What was President Lincoln asking the nation to do? Heal and reunite as one countryHeal and reunite as one country

Lincoln’s Second Inaugural Lincoln’s Second Inaugural AddressAddress

1313thth Amendment Amendment

A.A. Ratified (approved) in 1865 Ratified (approved) in 1865

B. Officially abolishes all forms of B. Officially abolishes all forms of slavery in the United States slavery in the United States

What document did not totally ban What document did not totally ban slavery in the U.S.?slavery in the U.S.?

Did former slaves enjoy full freedom Did former slaves enjoy full freedom and equal treatment immediately?and equal treatment immediately?