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The Emancipation Proclamation
Because the Proclamation freed enslaved African Americans only in states atwar with the Union, it did not address slavery in the border states. One reasonthe border states were omitted was because Lincoln did not want to endangertheir loyalty. The Proclamation, by its very existence, transformed the conflictover preserving the Union into a war of liberation.
The civil war the first American war in which soldiers were drafted. The South was first to employ the draft, followed by the North. In March of 1863, the National conscription act was passed. Draftees would be called by lottery. Once called, a draftee had the opportunity to either pay a commutation fee of $300 to be exempt from a particular battle, or to hire a replacement that would exempt him from the entire war.
Substitutes were often recent immigrants to the U.S., but even before these new citizens were paid privately to serve, they were recruited, as evidenced by the Garibaldi Guard poster below, which appealed to Italian, French, and German immigrants to support their newly-adopted country.
Union commanders chose names based on close rivers, creeks or mountains. Confederate commanders typically named battles after the nearest city or town. Ex. Bull Run / Manassas
The 54th Massachusetts Regiment was the first black regiment recruited in the North.
Battle of Fort Wagner 1863
Robert Gould Shaw
By the spring of 1864, who was the commander of the Union Army of the Potomac?
Confederate Army of Northern Virginia?
What Union General led the march through Georgia in late 1864 and what was the purpose of this “March to the Sea”?
The purpose of the march was to make Southern civilians understand the horrors of war and to pressure them into giving up the struggle.
Gen. William Tecumseh Sherman
Lee’s surrender to Grant ended the Civil War. Grant’s generous terms of surrender guaranteed that the United States would not prosecute Confederate soldiers for treason.