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CIVILIZATION
Definition------- Civilization is a group of people with a complex
society. They have their own government, ecomomy, religion, agriculture etc.
Before we can study civilization we have to study what happened before civilization.
Early HominidsEarly HominidsHomidids -- Are early human like creatures.
the earliest remains of hominids date back 3.7 million
years.
Examples --- “Lucy” and the Iceman.
How do we know about early How do we know about early cultures?cultures?
Artifacts--- Remains left behind by early
people.Archeologists--- Scientists who study the
the remains of those people
Stratigraphy--- Scientific theory that artifactsfound deeper in the earth areolder
Radiocarbon Dating Method of dating artifactsmeasuring the amount of radioactive carbon found in
them.
The First PeopleThe First People
Homo Sapiens-- Originated 200,000 B.C. in Africa.
Known as “Thinking
Man”
First modern humans
Homo Sapiens spread out through other parts of the world for the next 40,000-60,000 years.
Two types of Homo Sapiens Emerged 1. Neanderthal Man
2. CroMagnon Man
Neanderthal Man-- First to emerge
CroMagnon ---- More advanced.
How did early humans live? Hunters and Gatherers
Nomads People who move from place to place with their food source.
How did hunting lead to the development of Language?
Required communication and cooperation
Early humans relied on stone tools.
Stone Age
Stone Age is broken down into three time periods.
1. Paleolithic
(old stone age)
2.5 mill yrs ago-12,000 yrs ago
2. Mesolithic
(middle stone age)
12,000-10,000 yrs ago
3. Neolithic
(new stone age)
10,000-5,500 yrs ago
These periods reflect the changes that were made in types of tools used.
Mesolithic Age
What tools did the people of the mesolithic age use?
What made it possible for the Natufian Culture to settle?
Agricultural Revolution
Began between 8000 –5000 B.C.
WHY?
1. Shift in migration patterns of animals
People began to practice domestication
Domestication Adaptation of plants and animals for human use.
Other Practices Pastoralism
Pastoralism Domestication of what we consider to be farm animals
Relied on these animals for food and milk etc.
Pastoralism, Domestication helped to lead people toward the agricultural revolution
Agricultural Revolution--- Shift from hunting and gathering to food production.
Using metal to make tools started when and where?
Using Metal instead of stone……….
farming instead of hunting and gathering…..
Caused the rise of…….
Civilizations