CJO3 EOC Review

2014-2015

Unit 9 – Blood and DNAO 25.05 – Describe blood type

identification procedures and DNA profiling

What are the components of blood?

ORed blood cellsOWhite blood cellsOPlateletsOPlasma

Which component of blood can be a source of blood typing evidence? Why?

ORed blood cellsOBlood typing proteins are found on the cell/plasma membrane of RBCs

What type of evidence is blood type? Why?

OClassOMore than one person can have the same blood type

How is blood type determined?

OWith an antibody reaction testOAgglutination (clumping)

= presence of protein being tested for

How are the results of blood typing tests interpreted?OOnly protein A = Type AOOnly protein B = Type BOBoth proteins A and B = Type ABONeither proteins A or B = Type O

(most common)ORh = +ONo Rh = -

What is a presumptive blood test?

OTest that allows investigators to determine if a substance could be blood

ODetects hemoglobin

How is a Kastle-Meyer presumptive test conducted?

O1) Wet a swab with distilled water and rub the stain

O2) Add 1-2 drops of ethyl alcohol, phenolphthalein, and hydrogen peroxide in that order

O3) A pink color within seconds is a positive result

Which component of blood can be a source of DNA evidence? Why?

OWhite blood cellsOThey are the only blood cell with a nucleus

What type of evidence is DNA? Why?

OIndividualOIt is capable of identifying a specific individual

What are the steps of DNA sequencing?

O1) Extraction – Removing DNA from the cell nucleus

O2) Restriction Fragments – Cutting the DNA into smaller pieces

O3) Amplification – Copying the DNAO4) Electrophoresis – Separating the

DNA within an electric field by size (produces a DNA fingerprint/profile)

Be able to complete a DNA profile analysis