C++_LAB MANUAL

8/11/2019 C++_LAB MANUAL

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LABORATORMANUAL ON

COMPUTERPROGRAMMING 1

(C++ ProgrammingLanguage)

Prepared byM! "ri#ine Mae M! $aproa
http://www.ncst.edu.ph/http://www.ncst.edu.ph/http://www.ncst.edu.ph/


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1 In#rodu%#ion #oProgramming"" O#$ecti%e&

Aer %omp'e#ing #e #opi% #e #uden# ou'd be ab'e #o*

$i%u #e 'anguage o& a %ompu#er!

$ene #e %a#egorie o& Programming Language!

,ami'iari-e #e Turbo C I$E En.ironmen#!

"'" Bac(g)o*nd

P)og)a+ i a e# o& in#ru%#ion #a# %ompu#er &o''o/!

P)og)a++ing Lang*age i a #andardi-ed %ommuni%a#ion #e%ni0ue &or epreingin#ru%#ion #o a %ompu#er!

Catego)ie& of P)og)a++ing Lang*age

,igh-Le%el P)og)a++ing Lang*ageA ig2'e.e' programming 'anguage i a programming 'anguage #a# i more uer2&riend'y #o

ome e#en# p'a#&orm2independen# and ab#ra%# &rom 'o/2'e.e' %ompu#er pro%eoropera#ion u% a memory a%%ee! A programming #a#emen# may be #ran'a#ed in#o oneor e.era' ma%ine in#ru%#ion by a %ompu#er!

Lo.-Le%el A&&e+#ly Lang*ageAemb'y 'anguage i imi'ar #o ma%ine 'anguage bu# #ey are mu% eaier #o programbe%aue #ey a''o/ a programmer #o ub#i#u#e name &or number! Aemb'y 'anguageare a.ai'ab'e &or ea% CPU &ami'y and ea% aemb'y in#ru%#ion i #ran'a#ed in#o onema%ine in#ru%#ion by an aemb'er programmer!

B)ief ,i&to)y of C// P)og)a++ing Lang*age

Te C// P)og)a++ing Lang*age i bai%a''y an e#enion o& #e C ProgrammingLanguage! Te C Programming 'anguage /a de.e'oped &rom 134321356 a# 7e'' 'ab a# #eame #ime #e UNI8 opera#ing y#em /a being de.e'oped #ere! C /a a dire%#de%endan# o& #e 'anguage 7 /i% /a de.e'oped by "en Tompon a a y#emprogramming 'anguage &or #e 9edg'ing UNI8 opera#ing y#em! 7 in #urn de%ended &rom#e 'anguage 7CPL /i% /a deigned in #e 134: by Mar#in Ri%ard /i'e a# MIT!

In 1351 $enni Ri#%ie a# 7e'' Lab e#ended #e 7 'anguage (by adding #ype) in#o /a# e%a''ed N7 &or ;Ne/ 7;! Ri#%ie %redi# ome o& i %ange #o 'anguage %on#ru%# &ound inA'go'4


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aderen# /ou'd appro.e o&; Aer re#ru%#uring #e 'anguage and re/ri#ing #e %ompi'er &or7 Ri#%ie ga.e i ne/ 'anguage a name* ;C;!

In 13


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2ig*)e '" Opening Ne/ Findo/

3)iting a P)og)a+ in T*)#o C

Fen #e Edi# /indo/ i a%#i.e #e program may be #yped! Ue #e %er#ain @ey%ombina#ion #o per&orm pe%i% edi# &un%#ion!

2ig*)e 0" Fri#ing a Program in Turbo C

Sa%ing a P)og)a+ in T*)#o C

To a.e #e program e'e%# a.e %ommand &rom #e 'e menu! Ti &un%#ion %an a'o beper&ormed by preing #e ,B bu##on! A dia'og bo /i'' appear a@ing &or #e pa# andname o& #e 'e! Pro.ide an appropria#e and uni0ue 'e name! Dou %an a.e #e programaer %ompi'ing #oo bu# a.ing i# be&ore %ompi'a#ion i more appropria#e!

2ig*)e 4" >a.ing a Program in Turbo C

Co))ecting E))o)& in T*)#o C


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2ig*)e :" >%reen Ou#pu#

Exiting T*)#o C IDE

An Edi# /indo/ may be %'oed in a number o& dieren# /ay! Dou %an %'i%@ on #e ma''

0uare in #e upper 'e %orner you %an e'e%# clo&e &rom #e .indo. menu or you %an

pre #e A'#+,6 %ombina#ion! To ei# &rom #e I$E e'e%# Exit &rom #e 2ile Menu orpre A'#+8 Combina#ion!

2ig*)e ;" Ei#ing Turbo C I$E


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"4" P)e la# Acti%itie& ITEMS#rou#rup $e&au'# dire%#ory o& Turbo C %ompi'erK! $enni Ri#%ie C'oing Turbo C I$E! A'#+,6 e de.e'oped C++4! Programming Language e de.e'oped C 'anguage

5! Program Run Menu

ue #o end in#ru%#ion #o %ompu#er3! ig2'e.e' Programming Language Ei#ing Turbo C I$E1:!A'#+8 I# i a programming 'anguage #a# a''o/ a

programmer #o ub#i#u#e name &ornumber!


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PRO>RAMMIN> OUTPUT

%ien%e and Te%no'ogyH%ou#Fe'%ome #o #e /onder&u' /or'd o& C++S

ge#%()

An&.e)?


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"5" La#o)ato)y Acti%itie& amp'e Ou#pu#!

Read #e prob'em de%rip#ion and eamine #e amp'e ou#pu# #en #udy #e #emp'a#e %ode

Compi'e and ee%u#e #eprogram! Compare your ou#pu# /i# #e amp'e ou#pu# pro.ided!

La# O#$ecti%e&

Ti 'ab /a deigned #o rein&or%e programming %on%ep# &rom Cap#er 1 o& Compu#erProgramming Manua'!

Aer %omp'e#ing #i a%#i.i#y you /i'' be ab'e #o*


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,ami'iari-e /i# #e 'ogin pro%e and #e en.ironmen# o& C++!

App'y #e bai% o& program deign and a'gori#m de.e'opmen#!

Ue an edi#or and %ompi'er and be ab'e #o %ompi'e and run ei#ing program!

De&c)i1tion of the P)o#le+

Crea#e a program #a# /i'' prin# #e name age and %oure o& #e #uden#! Ue co*t and iner#ion

#ream opera#or #o dip'ay #e #e# on #e %reen o& your %ompu#er .

Sa+1le O*t1*t

LABORATOR ACTIIT #amp'e Ou#pu#!

Read #e prob'em de%rip#ion and eamine #e amp'e ou#pu# #en #udy #e #emp'a#e %odeCompi'e and ee%u#e #eprogram! Compare your ou#pu# /i# #e amp'e ou#pu# pro.ided!

La# O#$ecti%e&

Name* "ri#ine Mae Magpuao2

$aproaAge* 5 year o'd


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Ti 'ab /a deigned #o rein&or%e programming %on%ep# &rom Cap#er 1 o& Compu#erProgramming Manua'!


,ami'iari-e /i# #e 'ogin pro%e and #e en.ironmen# o& C++! Under#and #e bai% o& program deign and a'gori#m de.e'opmen#!

Learn #e bai% o& an edi#or and %ompi'er and be ab'e #o %ompi'e and run ei#ingprogram!


Crea#e a %'a named* The T)ee! Te program ou'd ou#pu# #e &o''o/ing 'ine on #e %reen*

Sa+1le O*t1*t

,'o/%ar#ing'" O#$ecti%e&

Aer %omp'e#ing #i #opi% #uden# /i'' be ab'e #o*

"no/ #e dieren# #ype o& 9o/%ar# "no/ #e ymbo' and guide'ine in dra/ing a 9o/%ar#!

App'y #e ue o& 9o/%ar# #o %++ programming!

'"' Bac(g)o*nd

2lo.cha)t& are a .iua' ou#'ining #oo' ued #o repreen# an a'gori#m!

I #in@ #a# I a'' ne.er ee

a poem a 'o.e'y a a #ree!

A #ree /oe ungry mou# i

preed

A ain# #e Ear#J /ee# 9o/in


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Ty1e& of 2lo.cha)t

P)og)a+ 2lo.cha)t de%ribe grapi%a''y in de#ai' #e 'ogi%a' opera#ion and #ep/i#in a program and #e e0uen%e in /i% #ee #ep are #o be ee%u#ed &or #e#ran&orma#ion o& da#a #o produ%e #e needed ou#pu#!

Sy&te+ 2lo.cha)t grapi% repreen#a#ion o& #e pro%edure in.o'.ed in %on.er#ing da#aon inpu# media #o da#a in ou#pu# &orm! I# i''u#ra#e /i% da#a i ued or produ%ed a#.ariou poin# in a e0uen%e o& opera#ion! Por#ray #e in#era%#ion among da#a ard/areand peronne'!

2lo.cha)t Sy+#ol&

Sa+1le 2lo.cha)t? Sa+1le P)og)a+


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'"' P)oced*)e

In dra/ing a proper 9o/ %ar# a'' ne%eary re0uiremen# ou'd be 'i#ed ou# in

'ogi%a' order Te 9o/%ar# ou'd be %'ear nea# and eay #o &o''o/! Tere ou'd no# be any room

&or ambigui#y in under#anding #e 9o/ %ar#!

Te uua' dire%#ion o& #e 9o/ o& a pro%edure or y#em i &rom 'e #o rig# or #op #o

bo##om!

On'y one 9o/ 'ine ou'd %ome ou# &rom a pro%e ymbo'!

On'y one 9o/ 'ine ou'd en#er a de%iion ymbo' bu# #/o or #ree 9o/ 'ine one &or

ea% poib'e an/er ou'd 'ea.e #e de%iion ymbo'!

On'y one 9o/ 'ine i ued in %on?un%#ion /i# #ermina' ymbo'!

Fri#e /i#in #andard 9o/ %ar# ymbo' brie9y! A ne%eary you %an ue #e

anno#a#ion ymbo' #o de%ribe da#a or %ompu#a#iona' #ep more %'ear'y!

I& #e 9o/%ar# be%ome %omp'e i# i be##er #o ue %onne%#or ymbo' #o redu%e #e

number o& 9o/ 'ine! A.oid #e in#ere%#ion o& 9o/ 'ine i& you /an# #o ma@e i# more

ee%#i.e and be##er /ay o& %ommuni%a#ion!

Enure #a# #e 9o/%ar# a a 'ogi%a' startand fnish.

I# i ue&u' #o #e# #e .a'idi#y o& #e 9o/%ar# by paing #roug i# /i# a imp'e #e#

da#a!

'"0 P)e la# Acti%itie&


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Na+e? @@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@ Date?@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@

ea)Sec? @@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@ Sco)e?@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@

In&t)*ction&?Aer reading Cap#er o& Compu#er Programming 1 Manua' an/er #e gi.en0ue#ion! Te 0ue#ion are in#ended #o #e# and rein&or%e your under#anding o& @ey %on%ep#!

Fri#e your an/er on #e pa%e pro.ided be&ore ea% number!

VVVVVVV1! I# i a .iua' ou#'ining #oo' ued #o repreen# an a'gori#m!

VVVVVVV! I# i a #ype o& 9o/%ar# #a# de%ribe grapi%a''y in de#ai' #e 'ogi%a' opera#ion and

#ep /i#in a program!

VVVVVVV6! I# i a #ype o& 9o/%ar# ued #o por#ray #e in#era%#ion among da#a ard/are and

peronne'!

VVVVVVVK! Ti ymbo' repreen# an inpu#Wou#pu# pro%e in an a'gori#m u% a reading inpu#

or /ri#ing ou#pu#!

VVVVVVV! Ti ymbo' indi%a#e #e #ar#ing or #opping poin# in #e 'ogi%!

4!1: 2 Gi.e #e 4 bai% ymbo' ued in 9o/%ar#ing!


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6 7ai% E'emen# o& C++0" O#$ecti%e&


App'y %orre%# ue o& dieren# da#a #ype!

Re%ogni-e iden#ier!

$e%'are and ini#ia'i-e .ariab'e!

App'y %orre%# ue o& dieren# ?a.a opera#or!!

0"' Bac(g)o*nd

To /ri#e a meaning&u' program you mu# 'earn #e dieren# #ype o& da#a #ype iden#ier

reer.ed /ord and yn#a ru'e o& any programming 'anguage! Dou mu# 'earn on o/ #ode%'are and ini#ia'i-e .ariab'e and o/ #o ue dieren# #ype o& opera#or in #e program!

Data Ty1e& re&er #o #e @ind o& da#a #a# .ariab'e %an aume o'd or #a@e on in a

programming 'anguage and &or /i% opera#ion are au#oma#i%a''y pro.ided!

Tere are dieren# #ype o& da#a #ype in C++ programming #oe are or# in# and 'ong

under in#egra' da#a #ype #ey are ued #o repreen# /o'e number /i'e 9oa# and doub'e

under 9oa#ing poin# da#a #ype are ued #o repreen# number /i# de%ima' poin#! To

repreen# #/o #a#e in #e program you %an ue boo' da#a #ype under 7oo'ean da#a #ype! I&

you /an# #o prin# #e# on #e %reen you %an ue %ar da#a #ype!

Identie)& are #o@en #a# repreen# #e name o& %'ae me#od or &un%#ion /i'e

(ey.o)d& i a /ord #a# i e# aide by #e 'anguage &or a pe%ia' purpoe and %an on'y be

ued in a pe%ied manner!

Combina#ion o& da#a #ype and iden#ier name i %a''ed a %a)ia#le .ariab'e i an i#em o& da#a

ued #o #ore #a#e o& ob?e%#!

In %ompu#er programming #ere are dieren# #ype o& opera#or #oe are ari#me#i%

opera#or %ondi#iona' opera#or in%remen# and de%remen# opera#or re'a#iona' opera#or

and 'ogi%a' opera#or!

0"0 P)oced*)e

Decla)ing and Initialiing a)ia#le

da#a #ype name ini#ia' .a'ueB

Exa+1le?

in# num X 1: %ar name1B X "a#e Ade'ineH


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A)ith+etic O1e)ato)& per&orm ma#ema#i%a' opera#ion 'i@e addi#ion ub#ra%#ion

mu'#ip'i%a#ion and di.iion!

OPERATOR USE DESCRIPTION+ op1+op Add op1 and op

Y op1Yop Mu'#ip'ie op1 and op

W op1Wop $i.ide op1 by op

Z op1Zop Compu#e #e remainder o& di.iding op1

by op

2 op12op >ub#ra%# op &rom op1

Exa+1le O*t1*t

Inc)e+ent and Dec)e+ent O1e)ato)& - Aide &rom #e bai% ari#me#i% opera#or #ere

are a'o a unary in%remen# opera#or (++) and unary de%remen# opera#or (22)! In%remen# and$e%remen# opera#or in%reae and de%reae a .a'ue #ored in a number .ariab'e by 1!

OPERATOR USE DESCRIPTION

++ op++ In%remen# op by 1 e.a'ua#e #o #e .a'ue o& op

be&ore i# /a in%remen#ed

++ ++op In%remen# op by 1 e.a'ua#e #o #e .a'ue o& op

in%'udeio#ream!in%'ude%onio!

.oid main()Qin# num1in# num

%'r%r()

%ou#En#er ,ir#Number*Hend'

%innum1%ou#En#er >e%ond

Number*Hend'%innum%ou#Te um i*H

num1+num


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Exa+1le O*t1*t

in# i X 65 i ? X : (,a'e)in# ? X K

%ou#i?XH(i?)

Logical O1e)ato)& a.e one or #/o boo'ean operand #a# yie'd a boo'ean reu'#! Tere are4 'ogi%a' opera#or!

a" Logical AND


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, T T

, , ,

Exa+1le? O*t1*t

logical OR :in# i X : 1:in# ? X 1: : (&a'e)%ou#iend'%ou#?end'%ou#(i1:) ]] (++?3) #oolean logical incl*&i%e OR :%ou#(i1:) ] (++?3) 11

: (&a'e)

c" Logical Not

operand i #rue and #e o#er i &a'e!

Exa+1le O*t1*t?

J Re&*lt

T ,

, T

J J' Re&*lt

T T ,

T , T

, T T

, , ,


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boo' .a'1 X #rue : (&a'e)boo' .a' X #rue 1 (#rue)%ou#(.a'1^.a').a'1 X &a'e.a' X #rue

%ou#(.a'1^.a')

0"4 P)e la# Acti%itie& DATATPES

Na+e? @@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@ Date?@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@


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In&t)*ction&?7aed on #e gi.en program egmen# read #e %ode and /ri#e #e ou#pu# o& #e

program!

1! in%'ude io#ream An&.e)?in%'ude %onio!

.oid main()Q%'r%r%()

in# X 6:in# y X

%ou# Y y + 3 W 6 end'

ge#%()

! Fa# i ou#pu# by # e &o''o/ing 'ine o& %ode[ An&.e)?

%ou# ( < Y K Y + 4 ) W + K

CORRECT T,E CODE


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Na+e? @@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@ Date?@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@

ea)Sec? @@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@ Sco)e?@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@

Ti prob'em i in#ended #o be o'.ed in a %'oed2'ab eion /i# a #ea%ing ai#an# orin#ru%#or preen#! Te prob'em i di.ided in#o #ree par#*

1! Lab Ob?e%#i.e!! $e%rip#ion o& #e Prob'em!6! >amp'e Ou#pu#!



La# O#$ecti%e&

Ti 'ab /a deigned #o rein&or%e programming %on%ep# &rom Cap#er 6 o& Compu#erProgramming 1 Manua'!


Ue ma#ema#i%a' repreen#a#ion in C++ o& ari#me#i% epreion by pre%eden%e!

Ue co*t #o ou#pu# #e# and .ariab'e

Ue cin #o inpu# da#a &rom #e uer


Crea#e a program #a# ou#pu# #e a.erage o& 6 number! Le# #e .a'ue o& #e 6 number be

and K!

Sa+1le O*t1*t

Number 1 X 1:

Number X :Number 6 X K

A.erage i X


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LABORATOR ACTIIT 0#amp'e Ou#pu#!

Read #e prob'em de%rip#ion and eamine #e amp'e ou#pu# #en #udy #e #emp'a#e %odeCompi'e and ee%u#e #eprogram! Compare your ou#pu# /i# #e amp'e ou#pu# pro.ided!

La# O#$ecti%e&



Ue ma#ema#i%a' repreen#a#ion in C++ o& ari#me#i% epreion by pre%eden%e!

Ue co*t #o ou#pu# #e# and .ariab'e

Ue cin #o inpu# da#a &rom #e uer


Crea#e a program #a# /i'' a''o/ #e uer #o inpu# .a'ue &or amoun# and /i'' de#ermine #e .a

0uar#er ni%@e'dime and penny in de%reaing .a'ue o& amoun#!

Sa+1le O*t1*t

En#er Amoun#* K:uar#er () X 1Ni%@e' (1:) X 1$ime () X 1Penny (1) X :


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K $e%iion Con#ro' >#ru%#ure

4" O#$ecti%e&


$e#ermine #e dieren%e o& #e dieren# #ype o& de%iion %on#ro' #ru%#ure!

App'y #e %orre%# ue o& i& #a#emen# i&2e'e #a#emen# i&2e'e i& #a#emen# ne#edi&and /i#% #a#emen# !

4"' Bac(g)o*nd

Our program are made up o& #e #ree bai% %on#ro' #ru%#ure #oe are e0uen%e

de%iion %on#ro' #ru%#ure and repe#i#ion %on#ro' #ru%#ure! >e0uen%e >#ru%#ure i dened

a #e #raig# &or/ard ee%u#ion o& one pro%eing #ep aer ano#er /i'e >e'e%#ion

>#ru%#ure %an be dened a #e preen#a#ion o& a %ondi#ion and #e %oi%e be#/een #/oa%#ion depending on /e#er #e %ondi#ion i #rue or &a'e! Repe#i#ion Con#ro' >#ru%#ure %an

be dened a #e preen#a#ion o& a e# o& in#ru%#ion #o be per&ormed repea#ed'y a 'ong a

#e %ondi#ion i #rue!

4"0P)oced*)e

Ty1e& of Deci&ion pe%ie #a# a #a#emen# or b'o%@ o& %ode /i'' be ee%u#ed i&

and on'y i& a %er#ain boo'ean #a#emen# i #rue!

The if &tate+ent ha& the fo)+ 2lo.cha)t

I&(boo'eanVepreion)#a#emen#

Boolean_ex

p

Statement

T F


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Ne&ted-If -Te in%'uion o& one or more i& #a#emen# /i#in an ei#ing i& #a#emen#!

The ne&ted-if &t)*ct*)e ha& the fo)+ 2lo.cha)t

i&(boo'eanVepreion1)Qi&(boo'eanVepreion)#a#emen#1

e'eQ

#a#emen#

M*lti1le-Selection St)*ct*)e - I# e'e%# #e a%#ion #o per&orm &rom many dieren#

a%#ion!

S.itch State+ent& - >/i#% %on#ru%# a''o/ bran%ing on mu'#ip'e ou#%ome!

The &.itch &tate+ent ha& the fo)+ 2lo.cha)t

/i#%(/i#%Vepreion)Q %ae %aeVe'e%#or1*

#a#emen# 1#a#emen#

brea@%ae %aeVe'e%#or*

#a#emen# 1#a#emen#

brea@de&au'#*

#a#emen# 1#a#emen# brea@

4"0 P)e la# Acti%itie& RAMMIN> OUTPUT

T Fbool_ex

p1

Statement

else

end

bool_ex

p1

Tcase_selector1

Statement 1

case_selector

2

case_selector

3

T

T

break;

break;

break;

default block

statements

F

F

F

Statement 2

Statement 3


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ea)Sec? @@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@ Sco)e?@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@

In&t)*ction&? 7aed on #e gi.en program egmen# read #e %ode and /ri#e #e ou#pu# o& #e

program!

1! in# #empera#ure X 5


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Na+e? @@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@ Date?@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@

ea)Sec? @@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@ Sco)e?@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@

Ti prob'em i in#ended #o be o'.ed in a %'oed2'ab eion /i# a #ea%ing ai#an# orin#ru%#or preen#! Te prob'em i di.ided in#o #ree par#*

1! Lab Ob?e%#i.e!! $e%rip#ion o& #e Prob'em!6! >amp'e Ou#pu#!



La# O#$ecti%e&

Ti 'ab /a deigned #o rein&or%e programming %on%ep# &rom Cap#er K o& Compu#erProgramming Manua'!


Ue i&2e'e #a#emen# #o ma@e de%iion baed on #e #ru# or &a'i#y o& a %ondi#ion!

Ue ari#me#i% opera#or #o per&orm %a'%u'a#ion!

App'y #e ue o& 9o/%ar#ing in %++ programming!


$ra/ a 9o/%ar# o& a program #a# %ompu#e #e bonu o& #e emp'oyee regarding #o #eirmon#'y a'arie and dip'ay #o#a' a'ary!


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amp'e Ou#pu#!

Read #e prob'em de%rip#ion and eamine #e amp'e ou#pu# #en #udy #e #emp'a#e %odeCompi'e and ee%u#e #e program! Compare your ou#pu# /i# #e amp'e ou#pu# pro.ided!

La# O#$ecti%e&

Ti 'ab /a deigned #o rein&or%e programming %on%ep# &rom Cap#er K o& Compu#erProgramming Manua'!


Ue i&2e'e2i& #a#emen# #o ma@e de%iion baed on #e #ru# or &a'i#y o& a %ondi#ion!

Ue ari#me#i% opera#or #o per&orm %a'%u'a#ion!

Ue re'a#iona' opera#or #o %ompare .a'ue!

App'y #e ue o& 9o/%ar#ing in %++ programming!


$ra/ a 9o/%ar# o& a program #a# /i'' %ompu#e #e &are in #rain #ranpor#a#ion! A@ #e uer #o

inpu# #ype o& paenger! Te# i& #e #ype o& paenger i #ype A 7 C! A@ #e uer #o inpu# &are

%a #en %ompu#e &or #e %ange!


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Repe#i#ion Con#ro'>#ru%#ure

5" O#$ecti%e&


$e#ermine #e dieren%e o& #e dieren# #ype o& repe#i#ion %on#ro' #ru%#ure!

App'y #e %orre%# ue o& /i'e do2/i'e and &or 'oop!

5"' Bac(g)o*nd

Oen in programming one need a #a#emen# or b'o%@ o& #a#emen# #o repea# duringee%u#ion! Ti %an be a%%omp'ied uing a loo1! A 'oop i a %on#ro' #ru%#ure #a# %auerepe#i#ion o& %ode /i#in a program!

C++ a #ree #ype o& 'oop! Te r# /e /i'' %onider i #e .hile loo1 #e /i'e 'oop i a1)e-te or to1 te&t 'oop! >in%e /e #e# #e epreion be&ore en#ering #e 'oop i& #e #e#epreion in #e /i'e 'oop i ini#ia''y &a'e #en no i#era#ion o& #e 'oop /i'' be ee%u#ed! Ie programmer /an# #e 'oop #o be ee%u#ed a# 'ea# on%e #en a 1o&t-te&t or #otto+te&t 'oop ou'd be ued! C++ pro.ide #e do-.hile loo1 &or #i purpoe! A do2/i'e 'oopi imi'ar #o a /i'e 'oop e%ep# #a# #e #a#emen# inide #e 'oop body are ee%u#ed be&ore#e epreion i #e#ed! Te fo) loo1 i oen ued &or app'i%a#ion #a# re0uire a %oun#er!

5"0P)oced*)e

Ty1e& of Re1etition St)*ct*)e

3hile Loo1&

The .hile loo1 ha& the fo)+

/i'e(epreion) #a#emen#


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or

/i'e(epreion)Q #a#emen# 1 #a#emen#

Do-3hile Loo1&

The do-.hile loo1 ha& the fo)+

do Q#a#emen# 1#a#emen#

/i'e(epreion)

2o) Loo1&

The fo) loo1 ha& the fo)+

&or(Ini#ia'i-a#ionEpreion LoopCondi#ion >#epEpreion)Q#a#emen#1#a#emen#


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5"4 P)e la# Acti%itie&


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5"5 La#o)ato)y Acti%itie& amp'e Ou#pu#!


La# O#$ecti%e&

Ti 'ab /a deigned #o rein&or%e programming %on%ep# &rom Cap#er o& Compu#erProgramming Manua'!


Ue /i'e do2/i'e and &or repe#i#ion #a#emen# #o ee%u#e #a#emen# in a program

repea#ed'y!


Crea#e a program #a# prin# your name a undred #ime! $o #ree .erion o& #i program

uing a /i'e 'oop a do2/i'e 'oop and a &or 'oop!

Sa+1le O*t1*t

En#er Dour Name* "a#e Ade'ine M!

My Name i "a#e Ade'ine M!

The na+e

.ill #e

1)inted a

h*nd)ed

ti+e&"


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4 Array

9" O#$ecti%e&


Ue array da#a #ru%#ure #o repreen# a e# o& re'a#ed da#a i#em!

Ue array #o #ore or# and ear% 'i# and #ab'e o& .a'ue!

To de%'are and ini#ia'i-e array and re&er #o indi.idua' e'emen# o& array!

9"' Bac(g)o*nd

I# i poib'e #o a.e a %o''e%#ion o& memory 'o%a#ion a'' o& /i% a.e #e ame da#a #ypegrouped #oge#er under one name! >u% a %o''e%#ion i %a''ed an a))ay! Li@e e.ery.ariab'e an array mu# be dened o #a# #e %ompu#er %an reer.eH #e appropria#eamoun# o& memory! Ti amoun# i baed upon #e #ype o& da#a #o be #ored and #e numbero& 'o%a#ion! !

,o''o/ing #e ru'e o& .ariab'e deni#ion #e da#a #ype i gi.en r# &o''o/ed by #e name oe array and #en #e #o#a' number o& memory 'o%a#ion en%'oed in bra%@e#! Te numbero& memory 'o%a#ion mu# be an in#eger epreion grea#er #an -ero and %an be gi.en ei#era a named %on#an# or a a 'i#era' %on#an#! Ea% e'emen# o& an array %oni#ing o& apar#i%u'ar memory 'o%a#ion /i#in #e group i a%%eed by gi.ing #e name o& #e array anda poi#ion /i# #e array (ub%rip#)! In C++ #e ub%rip# ome#ime re&erred #o a inde ien%'oed in 0uare bra%@e#! Te numbering o& #e ub%rip# a'/ay begin a# : and end/i# one 'e #an #e #o#a' number o& 'o%a#ion! Array are genera''y pro%eed inide 'oopo #a# #e inpu#Wou#pu# pro%eing o& ea% e'emen# o& #e array %an be per&ormed /i#minima' #a#emen#!

9"0P)oced*)e

Decla)ing and Initialiing an A))ay

,orm*

WWone di+en&ional a))ay#ype arrayName


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9"4 P)e la# Acti%itie&


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IDENTI2ICATION


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9"5 La#o)ato)y Acti%itie& amp'e Ou#pu#!


La# O#$ecti%e&



$e%'are array and pro%e ea% array e'emen# indi.idua''y!

Ini#ia'i-e array a# de%'ara#ion!

Pro%e da#a in an array!

Ue 'ooping #ru%#ure #o manipu'a#e array e'emen#!


Crea#e a program #a# /i'' a@ #e uer #o inpu# I$ number and dip'ay #e %orrepondingname and %ore! Ue an array &or I$ /i% %on#ain 1 6Karray name %on#ain

TE$cON,EMIAPI and array %ore 3


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LABORATOR ACTIIT aamp'e Ou#pu#!


La# O#$ecti%e&



$e%'are array and pro%e ea% array e'emen# indi.idua''y!

Ini#ia'i-e array a# de%'ara#ion!

Pro%e da#a in an array!

Ue 'ooping #ru%#ure #o manipu'a#e array e'emen#!


Crea#e a program /i% read poi#i.e in#eger &rom #e uer and #ore #ee one in an array!Uer %an en#er a maimum o& 1:: number! >#op #a@ing inpu# /en uer en#er 21!

Sa+1le O*t1*t

I$ Number* 1Name* TE$>%ore* 3

Documents

C++_LAB MANUAL