Photo: Paul Solarski Rare Records

Audio archived at Phoebe Hearst Museum, Berkeley, CA (with no reference to J.P. Harrington)

Notes archived in J.P. Harrington Collection at Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History, Washington, DC

Records showed Phoebe Maddux had recorded short texts with J.P. Harrington on a wax cylinder, now broken.

The recording was also made on disc (not archived at the Smithsonian), and survived!

Praat �le with aligned audio and text from 1929 recording of Phoebe Maddux made by Franz Boas.

Matching up early recordings & transcriptions

A wealth of archival materials

Wax cylinder. Photo: Norman Bruderhofer

Curtin notes (1889).Barrett notes (1904-1905).

relating to the Karuk languageexists, dating from1880s-present

Karuk elder Vina Smith translating a 1949 recording (2013). Photo: Clare Sandy

Current speakers help transcribe and translate archival recordings to make texts accessible.

Notes archived at American Philosophical Society, Philadelphia, PA

Interlinear text with integrated audio on Karuk Dictionary and Texts web interface (morphological breakdown mode).

Audio archived at California Language Archive, Berkeley, CA

Wire recorder from ca. 1950. Photo: Marv Goldberg

William Bright’s transcription of story told by Nettie Reuben, recorded in 1949 with a wire recorder.

Translating old recordings

Solutions• Reconnecting different media types housed at different archives• Digitized metadata and content• Integration with fieldwork• Lexicon database

OutcomesTexts with integrated audio added to parsed corpus, providing valuable material for • academic and community research on Karuk: - phonology and morphology - syntax and narrative structure - intonation, etc. ... • Karuk language learning and teachingChallenges

• Finding materials• Identifying materials• Accessing materials• Transcription and translation

AcknowledgmentsI am grateful to all the Karuk elders, teachers, and activists who have worked to preserve their language and who have been willing to share it. I especially thank Vina Smith. Many thanks to the archives at the American Philosophical Society, the Phoebe Hearst Museum, the Smithsonian Institution, and the Survey of California and Other Indian Languages, as well as to Andrew Garrett, Susan Gehr and Ronald Sprouse. And thanks to the Karuk Study Group at UC Berkeley for countless hours of text digitization and audio file splitting. This research was supported by a NSF Doctoral Dissertation Research Improvement Grant (BCS-1349075).

ReferencesBrady et al. (1984). The Federal Cylinder Project: A Guide to Field Cylinder Collections in Federal

Agencies. Washington: American Folklife Center, Library of Congress.Bright, W. (1957). The Karok Language, Volume 13 of University of California Publications in

Linguistics. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press.Bright, W. and S. Gehr (2005). Karuk Dictionary. Happy Camp, CA: Karuk Tribe of California,

Language Program. Online version at http://linguistics.berkeley.edu/~karuk/Harrington, J. P. (1907-1959). The papers of John Peabody Harrington. Ms., National Anthropological

Archives, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C. Microfilm.Harrington, J. P. (1932). Tobacco Among the Karuk Indians of California. Smithsonian Institution

Bureau of American Ethnology Bulletin 94. Washington, DC: United States Government Printing Office.

Contact :csandy@berkeley.edu http://linguistics.berkeley.edu/~csandy/

Dictionary & texts:http://linguistics.berkeley.edu/~karuk/

Audio in William Bright Files, courtesy Susan Gehr, Karuk tribal linguist

Conversation with integrated audio on Karuk Dictionary and Texts web interface (paragraph mode).

Karuk elders Violet Super and Vina Smith with linguist William Bright (2004). Photo: Susan Gehr

Notes archived at Survey of California and Other Indian Languages, Berkeley, CA

William Bright’s transcription of a conversation between three Karuk elders, recorded in 1989.

Including new recordings & genres

Adding di�erent genres, speakers, and modern recordings broadens the corpus’s potential.

Clare S. Sandy • UC Berkeley