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Class. Kelley Totten Michelle Barrington Jordan Raper. Literacy in the Classroom . Goal of instruction Role of the home language Instructional materials Classroom management and interaction with students Relationship to the community Instructional methods Assessment . - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Class
Kelley TottenMichelle Barrington
Jordan Raper
1. Goal of instruction2. Role of the home language3. Instructional materials4. Classroom management and
interaction with students5. Relationship to the community6. Instructional methods7. Assessment
Literacy in the Classroom
Class is not really about how much
money someone makes.
What might look like a child of poverty is really an intricate mosaic of different attitudes, behaviors, capacities, and experiences.
What Class Really Means…
Jones, Stephanie (2006). Girls, Social Class, and Literacy: What Teacher’s Can Do To Make A Difference. Portsmouth, NH: A division of Reed Elsevier Inc.
Perceptions of students from working-poor families are often formed through vision that has
been “hindered”, a narrow seeing that encourages middle-class people to designate children and
families as other, different, and deficient.
Children With Differences
Jones, Stephanie (2006). Girls, Social Class, and Literacy: What Teacher’s Can Do To Make A Difference. Portsmouth, NH: A division of Reed Elsevier Inc.
When critical literacy engagements are
embedded in students’ lives and driven by their observations and comments,
than students will find such work interesting, motivating, and deeply
stimulating.
Literacy in the Classroom
Jones, Stephanie (2006). Girls, Social Class, and Literacy: What Teacher’s Can Do To Make A Difference. Portsmouth, NH: A division of Reed Elsevier Inc.
Invite students to attach themselves to school
without rejecting their family or shedding identities
Such work in the classroom, however, could not be possible without the in-depth understanding of lives and the ways in which class, gender, and race come together to shape the social, psychological, physical, and academic lives of the young people with whom we work.
Teaching Approaches
Jones, Stephanie (2006). Girls, Social Class, and Literacy: What Teacher’s Can Do To Make A Difference. Portsmouth, NH: A division of Reed Elsevier Inc.
Instead of generations of children
continuing to be raised by and compare their lives with images and books
representing perfect lives, readers need basic repertoires of practices to ask
critical questions of texts, creators of texts, and of themselves as readers of
texts.
Teaching Approaches
Jones, Stephanie (2006). Girls, Social Class, and Literacy: What Teacher’s Can Do To Make A Difference. Portsmouth, NH: A division of Reed Elsevier Inc.
Students of Diverse Social
Classes
The child gains everyday concepts through
daily life The child learns scientific concepts through
formal instruction and schooling Students can gain academic knowledge by
building on the foundation of personal experience
Social Constructivism
Au, Kathryn (1998). Social Constructivism and the School Literacy Learning of Students of Diverse Backgrounds. Journal of Literacy Research. Volume 30, Number 2.
Each student comes from a different culture
group, which has formed their perspective on life.
Links among historical, cultural, and individual conditions are formed when children are learning to use language and literacy.
Use examples from every culture when teaching lessons so each student can relate
Teaching Approaches
Au, Kathryn (1998). Social Constructivism and the School Literacy Learning of Students of Diverse Backgrounds. Journal of Literacy Research. Volume 30, Number 2.
Explanations for the Achievement Gap
Linguistic DifferencesCultural Differences
DiscriminationInferior Education
Many students of diverse backgrounds speak a
home language other than SAE.
Decreased opportunity to use existing language skills as the foundation for learning to read and write
Teaching Approach: Let the students write some stories in their language and
others in SAE
Linguistic Differences
Au, Kathryn (1998). Social Constructivism and the School Literacy Learning of Students of Diverse Backgrounds. Journal of Literacy Research. Volume 30, Number 2.
Students have difficulty learning in school
because instruction does not follow their community’s cultural values and standards for behavior
Teaching Approach: Talk story-like reading lessons
Students could collaborate in producing their own stories using ideas from their culture
Cultural Differences
Au, Kathryn (1998). Social Constructivism and the School Literacy Learning of Students of Diverse Backgrounds. Journal of Literacy Research. Volume 30, Number 2.
Disproportionate numbers of students of
diverse backgrounds are labeled as poor readers and placed in the lowest reading groups in the classroom
Teaching Approach: Evenly distribute the students into groups
where race/ethnic group does not place a factor
Discrimination
Au, Kathryn (1998). Social Constructivism and the School Literacy Learning of Students of Diverse Backgrounds. Journal of Literacy Research. Volume 30, Number 2.
Urban schools with a high proportion of
African American students frequently have deteriorating buildings, outdated textbooks, inexperienced teachers, and surroundings that expose students to violence
Teaching Approach: Bring in updated outside resources that the
students can use
Inferior Education
Au, Kathryn (1998). Social Constructivism and the School Literacy Learning of Students of Diverse Backgrounds. Journal of Literacy Research. Volume 30, Number 2.
General
Middle Class Cultivation
Parents involve children in multiple organized activities, such as sports, music and dance lessons, and arts, crafts, and hobby groups
Working Class Accomplishment and Natural Growth
Children “hang out” with siblings, friends, and relatives while parents involve themselves in a minimum of organized activities
Spring, Joel (2010). American Education. New York, NY: McGraw Hill.
Speech
Middle Class Cultivation Parents reason with
their children, allowing them to challenge their statements and negotiate
Working Class Accomplishment and Natural Growth
Parents issue directives and seldom allow their children to challenge or question these directives
Spring, Joel (2010). American Education. New York, NY: McGraw Hill.
Dealing with Institutions
Middle Class Cultivation Parents criticize and
intervene in institutions affecting the child, such as school, and train their children to assume a similar role
Working Class Accomplishment and Natural Growth
Parents display powerlessness and frustration towards institutions, such as school
Spring, Joel (2010). American Education. New York, NY: McGraw Hill.
Results
Middle Class Cultivation Children gain the
social and cultural capital to deal with a variety of social situations and institutions
Working Class Accomplishment and Natural Growth
Children develop social and cultural capital that results in dependency on institutions and jobs where they take orders rather than manage othersSpring, Joel (2010). American Education. New York, NY: McGraw Hill.
In Summation…
~Imagine the life of middle-class children -parents chauffer them to events and competitions-parents deal with teachers and coachesCultivation can lead to children and later adults
feeling comfortable in a variety of situations~Imagine the life of working class children-children spend unstructured time with friends in
local parks and yards-parents command what children do and don’t doAccomplishment results in skills of the technical type,
but not with managerial skillsJones, Stephanie (2006). Language with an Attitude: White girls performing class. Portsmouth, NH: A division of Reed Elsevier Inc.
WHAT CLASS ARE YOU?
(according to PBS)
http://www.pbs.org/peoplelikeus/games/index.html
Who would you sit by on a bus?
1(on left) 2 (on right)
http://www.obtain-wealth.net/Farrah_Gray.html
http://man&docid=b4bw29LBFodaGM&w=600&h=800&ei=P2RlTozQOc6ftweD0L2bCg&zoom=1&iact=hc&vpx=134&vpy=-6&dur=357&hovh=102&hovw=77&tx=96&ty=245&page=3&tbnh=102&tbnw=77&start=18&ndsp=10&ved=1t:429,r:0,s:18
http://www.tiptoptens.com/2011/01/08/top-ten-richest-people-in-the-world-by-2011/http://www.google.com/imgres?q=homeless+man&hl=en&client=firefox-a&hs=DBk&sa=X&rls=org.mozilla:en-US:official&biw=797&bih=323&tbm=isch&tbnid=I5m-xVpvqDduBM:&imgrefurl=http://www.digital-photo.com.au/tag/homeless-
man&docid=b4bw29LBFodaGM&w=600&h=800&ei=P2RlTozQOc6ftweD0L2bCg&zoom=1&iact=hc&vpx=134&vpy=-6&dur=357&hovh=102&hovw=77&tx=96&ty=245&page=3&tbnh=102&tbnw=77&start=18&ndsp=10&ved=1t:429,r:0,s:18
http://technorati.com/politics/article/the-stupid-things-conservatives-tweet/page-2/
http://a3.sphotos.ak.fbcdn.net/photos-ak-snc1/v1351/162/98/1265806044/n1265806044_30216224_4762.jpg?
dl=1