12
Mr Rishi Gopie Scalar and Vector Quantities PHYSICS

class 8 scalar and vectors - Mr. Gopie Class · Mr!R!Gopie! PHYSICS!! Page!4!of!12! Examples:! State!the!magnitude!and!direction!of!the!resultant!force!in!each!of!the! following!systems!

  • Upload
    others

  • View
    8

  • Download
    0

Embed Size (px)

Citation preview

Page 1: class 8 scalar and vectors - Mr. Gopie Class · Mr!R!Gopie! PHYSICS!! Page!4!of!12! Examples:! State!the!magnitude!and!direction!of!the!resultant!force!in!each!of!the! following!systems!

 

   

Mr  Rishi  Gopie  Scalar  and  Vector  Quantities  

PHYSICS  

Page 2: class 8 scalar and vectors - Mr. Gopie Class · Mr!R!Gopie! PHYSICS!! Page!4!of!12! Examples:! State!the!magnitude!and!direction!of!the!resultant!force!in!each!of!the! following!systems!

Mr  R  Gopie   PHYSICS  

 

Page  2  of  12      

SCALAR  AND  VECTOR  QUANTITIES  

A  scalar  quantity  is  one  that  has  magnitude  

A  vector  quantity  is  one  that  has  both  magnitude  and  direction  

Consider  examples  of  both:  

Scalar  Quantity   Vector  Quantity  Time   Displacement  Mass   Velocity  Distance   Acceleration  Speed   Force  Area   Momentum  Volume    Density    Energy    Work    Pressure    power    Temperature    Current    voltage      

Any  vector  quantity  can  be  represented  by  a  straight  line  –  the  length  of  the  line,  drawn  to  some  suitable  scale,  will  represent  the  magnitude  of  the  vector  quantity  and  the  direction  of  the  line,  as  indicated  by  an  arrow  head  drawn  on  the  line  will  represent  the  direction  of  the  vector  quantity.  In  fact,  such  a  line  itself  is  called  a  vector.  

  When  vectors  are  added  a  resultant  vector  is  produced.  A  resultant  vector  is  that  single  vector  which  can  replace  a  system  (two  or  more)  vectors  all  have  the  same  overall  or  net  or  resultant  effect  as  the  system  itself.  Consider  the  resultant  vector  when  two  vectors  are  added  is  

 

a) Parallel  (i.e.  act  in  the  same  direction)    V1                                                                                                    +                                          V2        Resultant  Vector  VR  =  (V1  +  V2)          Note  that  the  greatest  (i.e.  maximum)  resultant  vector  of  any  two  vectors  is  obtained  when  the  two  vectors  are  parallel  and  its  magnitude  is  given  by  the  sum  of  the  magnitudes  of  the  two  vectors  

Page 3: class 8 scalar and vectors - Mr. Gopie Class · Mr!R!Gopie! PHYSICS!! Page!4!of!12! Examples:! State!the!magnitude!and!direction!of!the!resultant!force!in!each!of!the! following!systems!

Mr  R  Gopie   PHYSICS  

 

Page  3  of  12      

 b) Anti-­‐parallel  (i.e.  acts  in  opposite  directions)    

                         V1                                                                +                                                      V2            Resultant  V1  –  V2  =  Vr                              Note  that  the  least  (i.e.  minimum)  resultant  vector  of  any  two  vectors  is  obtained  when  the  two  vectors  are  anti-­‐parallel  and  its  magnitude  is  given  by  the  difference  between  the  magnitudes  of  the  two  vectors.    

c) Perpendicular  (i.e.  act  in  directions  which  are  90  degrees  to  one  another  The  parallelogram  rule  is  used  

i) State  a  scale  ii) Draw  a  parallelogram  of  the  vectors  (V1  and  V2)  accurately  to  the  scale  iii) Draw  and  measure  the  length  of  the  appropriate  diagonal  that  represent  the  

resultant  vector  iv) Convert  the  length  of  the  diagonal,  using  the  scale,  to  determine  the  

magnitude  of  the  resultant  vector.  The  direction  of  this  diagonal  represents  the  direction  of  the  resultant  vector  and  can  be  stated  either  in  terms  of  the  angle  ѳ  it  makes  with  V1  or  in  terms  of  the  angle  α  it  makes  with  V2.    

Diag.  2  

Page 4: class 8 scalar and vectors - Mr. Gopie Class · Mr!R!Gopie! PHYSICS!! Page!4!of!12! Examples:! State!the!magnitude!and!direction!of!the!resultant!force!in!each!of!the! following!systems!

Mr  R  Gopie   PHYSICS  

 

Page  4  of  12      

 Examples:  

State  the  magnitude  and  direction  of  the  resultant  force  in  each  of  the  following  systems  Show  all  your  working.                  

Page 5: class 8 scalar and vectors - Mr. Gopie Class · Mr!R!Gopie! PHYSICS!! Page!4!of!12! Examples:! State!the!magnitude!and!direction!of!the!resultant!force!in!each!of!the! following!systems!

Mr  R  Gopie   PHYSICS  

 

Page  5  of  12      

 Diag.  3                  

Page 6: class 8 scalar and vectors - Mr. Gopie Class · Mr!R!Gopie! PHYSICS!! Page!4!of!12! Examples:! State!the!magnitude!and!direction!of!the!resultant!force!in!each!of!the! following!systems!

Mr  R  Gopie   PHYSICS  

 

Page  6  of  12      

TUTORIAL  June  1995  paper  3  #1  

Page 7: class 8 scalar and vectors - Mr. Gopie Class · Mr!R!Gopie! PHYSICS!! Page!4!of!12! Examples:! State!the!magnitude!and!direction!of!the!resultant!force!in!each!of!the! following!systems!

Mr  R  Gopie   PHYSICS  

 

Page  7  of  12      

 

Page 8: class 8 scalar and vectors - Mr. Gopie Class · Mr!R!Gopie! PHYSICS!! Page!4!of!12! Examples:! State!the!magnitude!and!direction!of!the!resultant!force!in!each!of!the! following!systems!

Mr  R  Gopie   PHYSICS  

 

Page  8  of  12      

June  1997  paper  2  #2  

     

Page 9: class 8 scalar and vectors - Mr. Gopie Class · Mr!R!Gopie! PHYSICS!! Page!4!of!12! Examples:! State!the!magnitude!and!direction!of!the!resultant!force!in!each!of!the! following!systems!

Mr  R  Gopie   PHYSICS  

 

Page  9  of  12      

         

Page 10: class 8 scalar and vectors - Mr. Gopie Class · Mr!R!Gopie! PHYSICS!! Page!4!of!12! Examples:! State!the!magnitude!and!direction!of!the!resultant!force!in!each!of!the! following!systems!

Mr  R  Gopie   PHYSICS  

 

Page  10  of  12    

 

Page 11: class 8 scalar and vectors - Mr. Gopie Class · Mr!R!Gopie! PHYSICS!! Page!4!of!12! Examples:! State!the!magnitude!and!direction!of!the!resultant!force!in!each!of!the! following!systems!

Mr  R  Gopie   PHYSICS  

 

Page  11  of  12    

January  1999  paper  2  #  2  

       

Page 12: class 8 scalar and vectors - Mr. Gopie Class · Mr!R!Gopie! PHYSICS!! Page!4!of!12! Examples:! State!the!magnitude!and!direction!of!the!resultant!force!in!each!of!the! following!systems!

Mr  R  Gopie   PHYSICS  

 

Page  12  of  12