MINING ENGINEERING ENGINEERING FACULTY

HASANUDDIN UNIVERSITY GOWA

2014

PETROLOGY

Classification and

Nomenclature of

Igneous Rocks

The Occurrence

Classification of

Igneous Rocks

Color Index Chemical

content

Rock Texture

Based On

Noor (2008)

Classification Of Igneous Rocks

Plutonic/Intrusive Igneous Rock = frozen below the surface of the earth

Example : Granit, Diorit, Granodiorit, Syenit, Peridotit, etc.

Classification Based on Occurrence

Ma’waleda (2010)

Simon and Schuster (1988) Simon and Schuster (1988)

Hypabisal Igneous Rock = Freezes in a crack alley or the earth's crust

Example : Diabas, Aplit, Pegmatit, etc.

Volcanic/Extrusive Igneous Rock = Freezes on the surface of the earth

Example : Basalt, Riolit, Andesit, Trakit, Obsidian, etc.

Ma’waleda (2010)

Simon and Schuster (1988)

Simon and Schuster (1988)

Classification Based on Color Index

Classification Of Igneous Rocks

Name of Rock Color Index

(mafic mineral)

Example

Leucocratic Igneous

Rock

< 30 % mafic minerals Granit

Mesocratic Igneous

Rock

30 % - 60 % mafic

minerals

Diorit

Melanocratic Igneous

Rock

60 % - 90 % mafic

minerals

Gabro

Hypermalanic Igneous

Rock

> 90 % mafic minerals Peridotit

Ma’waleda (2010)

http://geology.com/rocks.shtml, diakses pada tanggal 6 September2014

Classification Based on Chemical Content (SiO2)

Classification Of Igneous Rocks

Name of Rock Chemical Content (SiO2) Example

Acid Igneous Rocks > 66% Granit, Riolit

Intermediate Igneous

Rocks

52 – 66% Diorit, Andesit

Basic Igneous Rocks 45 – 52% Gabro, Basalt

Ultrabasic Igneous

Rocks

< 45% Peridotit, Picrite

Ma’waleda (2010)

Classification Based On Rock Texture

Phaneritic, the igneous rock composed almost entirely of minerals coarse Example : Granit, Gabro Porphyritic, the igneous rock composed of the mineral coarse and fine Example : Pegmatit, Granit porfiri Aphanitic, the igneous rocks are almost entirely composed of fine-sized mineral Example : Riolit, Basalt

Kaharuddin (1998)

Composition of Igneous Rocks

http://miningblogspotcom-mining.blogspot.com/2012/03/batuan.html

RHYOLITE

GRANITE

ANDESIT

DIORITE

BASALT

GABRO

PICRITE

PERIDOTIT

Noor (2008)

Classification of Igneous Rocks According to Geologists

Classification of Igneous Rocks According to Fenton Classification of Igneous Rocks According to Rosenbusch Classification of Igneous Rocks According to Russell B. Travis Classification of Igneous Rocks According to Hamblin and Howard

Kaharuddin (1998)

Classification of Igneous Rocks According to Rosenbusch

Kaharuddin (1998)

Classification of Igneous Rocks According to Russell B. Travis

Kaharuddin (1998)

REFERENCE :

http://www.dakotamatrix.com, diakses pada tanggal 6 September 2014 http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki, diakses pada tanggal 6 September2014 http://geology.com/rocks.shtml, diakses pada tanggal 6 September2014 http://miningblogspotcom-mining.blogspot.com/2012/03/batuan.html, diakses pada tanggal 6 September2014 Kaharuddin,1998. Penuntun praktikum petrologi edisi ke 2. Ujung Pandang Ma’waleda, Musri.2010. Pengantar petrologi Batuan Beku. Makassar Noor, Djauhari.2008.Pengantar Geologi.Makassar. Simon and Schuster.1988.Rocks and Minerals.New York : A Fireside Book

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