CLASSIFICATION OF MATTER MRS. D’Anton. VOCABULARY REVIEW GAME RULES: FAMILY FEUD STYLE 1. Class is divided into 2 teams. 2. Each team sends 1 representative

CLASSIFICATION OF MATTER

MRS. D’Anton

VOCABULARY REVIEW GAME

RULES: FAMILY FEUD STYLE

1. Class is divided into 2 teams.

2. Each team sends 1 representative to the whiteboard.

3. A definition is projected and read aloud.

4. The first person to correctly spell the word on the white board, and pronounce correctly, gets the point.

5. The second team may steal if there is an incorrect spelling or pronunciation.

6. Class should check their homework and ensure the correct spelling of the word and definition is written in their notes during the game.

VOCABULARY WORD CLUE

The smallest unit of a substance that keeps all of the physical and chemical properties of that substance; it ca consist of one atom or two or more atoms bonded together.


A sample of matter, either a single element or a single compound that has definite chemical and physical properties


The smallest unit of an element that maintains the properties of that element


A combination of two or more substances that are not chemically combined


A substance that cannot be separated or broken down into simpler substances by chemical means; all atoms of this have the same atomic number


Describes something that has a uniform structure or composition throughout


A substance made up of atoms or 2 or more different elements joined together by chemical bonds


Composed of dissimilar components.

CLASSIFYING MATTER

Everything is composed of matter.

-Matter is anything that has mass and volume.

-Matter exists in different forms, so classification is important when studying it.

-In chemistry, classification can help you predict what characteristics a sample may have based on others like it.

Example: By analyzing the properties of salt and water, we can predict how salt water may behave

PHYSICAL & CHEMICAL PROPERTIES - Physical properties - characteristic that can be observed or measured without changing the identity of the substance.

- Chemical properties - relates to a substance’s ability to undergo changes that transform it into different substances

Can you name some physical properties of this cupcake?

PHYSICAL PROPERTY EXAMPLES - Color

- State

- Texture

- Melting Point

- Boiling Point

- Size

- Shape

- Mass

- Volume

- Density

- Hardness

- Magnetic Properties

CHEMICAL PROPERTY EXAMPLES - Flammability

- Reactivity

- Toxicity

Sample Statements:

- Burns in air

- Gold does not react with oxygen

- Toxic when mixed with x.

MATTER

Can it be physically separated?

Homogeneous Mixture

(solution)

Heterogeneous Mixture Compound Element

MIXTURE PURE SUBSTANCE

yes no

Can it be chemically decomposed?

noyesIs the composition uniform?

noyes

Colloids Suspensions

Courtesy Christy Johannesson www.nisd.net/communicationsarts/pages/chem

Matter can be in any state. Solid, Liquid, Gas or Plasma*

PURE SUBSTANCESElement composed of identical atoms Can exist as single atoms, molecules or as allotropes. EX: copper wire, aluminum foil


PURE SUBSTANCESCompound composed of 2 or more elements in a fixed ratio

properties differ from those of individual elements

EX: table salt (NaCl)


MIXTURES Variable combination of two or more pure substances.

Heterogeneous Homogeneous


Elements

only one kindof atom; atomsare bonded itthe element

is diatomic orpolyatomic

Compounds

two ormore kindsof atomsthat arebonded.

substancewith

definitemakeup

andproperties

Mixtures

two or moresubstances

that are physicallymixed and retain

properties of original substances.

Can be mixed in various ratios

two ormore

kinds ofatoms

Both elements and compounds have a definite makeup and definite properties.

Packard, Jacobs, Marshall, Chemistry Pearson AGS Globe, page (Figure 2.4.1)

COMPARING/CONTRASTING TYPES OF MATTER

LAW OF DEFINITE PROPORTIONS A given compound always contains the same, fixed ratio of elements

Compounds are always represented by an abbreviation or formula.

Example:

The molecular formula of H2O shows that water molecules always have 2 hydrogen atoms bonded to 1 oxygen atom.

LAW OF MULTIPLE PROPORTIONS

Elements combine in different ratios to form different compounds.

Carbon, C Oxygen, O Carbon monoxide, CO

Carbon, C Oxygen, O Oxygen, O Carbon dioxide, CO2


MORE ON MIXTURES

A sample of matter than contains two or more pure substances is a mixture.

Examples:

- Air

- Sweetened Ice Tea

- Salad

- Salt Water

- Milk

- Alloy

TYPES OF MIXTURES: SOLUTIONSOLUTION Homogeneous mixture Very small particles- uniform distribution No Tyndall effect

Tyndall Effect

– particles don’t settle– EX: rubbing alcohol


MIXTURESCOLLOID Heterogeneous Mixtue Medium-sized particles Tyndall effect Particles don’t settle (suspended) EX: milk


http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colloid

MIXTURESSUSPENSION Heterogeneous Mixture Large particles Tyndall effect Particles settle EX: fresh-squeezed

lemonade /orange juice


IDENTIFY THE SUBSTANCE

hydrogenatoms



hydrogenatoms

oxygen atoms


LET’S PRACTICE – PROBLEM #7 #7. Identify each of the following as an element, compound, homogenous mixture or heterogeneous mixture.

- CH4

- S8

-Distilled Water

- Salt Water

- CH2O

- Concrete

INDEPENDENT PRACTICE

Please try the following:

#5. What is the smallest number of elements needed to make a compound?

Please try the following:

# 14. Four different containers are labeled C + O2, CO, CO2 and Co. Based on these labels, classify each as a:

- compound

-element

-heterogeneous mixture

-homogeneous mixture

Documents

CLASSIFICATION OF MATTER MRS. D’Anton. VOCABULARY REVIEW GAME RULES: FAMILY FEUD STYLE 1. Class is divided into 2 teams. 2. Each team sends 1 representative