CLASSIFICATION OF SPECIES

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CLASSIFICATION OF SPECIES• What is

taxonomy?• Who developed

the system?• How does the

system work?• What are these

groups called?

• The scientific system of classifying living organisms• Carolus Linneaus

• Organisms are grouped based on similarities between them• Taxa (singular-taxon)

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CLASSIFICATION OF SPECIES• How are the taxa

organized?

• Names & order of taxa…

• From largest group (least specific) to smallest group (most specific)• Domain• Kingdom• Phlyum• Class• Order• Family • Genus• Species

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CLASSIFICATION OF SPECIES• What scientific

names are used for organisms?• Examples:

• Genus and species (binomial nomenclature)• Acer rubrum (maple) (red) - Red Maple• Felis domesticus (cat) (domestic) – House cat

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CLASSIFICATION OF SPECIESCircle our Genus and species

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Review Vocabulary before we get started• Autotrophic• Heterotrophic• Decomposer• Multicellular• Unicellular• Aerobic environment• Anaerobic environment• Absorptive Heterotroph• Ingestive Heterotroph• Producer• Consumer

CLASSIFICATION OF SPECIES• Domain Bacteria

contains…• Characteristics of

Kingdom Eubacteria:

• Kingdom Eubacteria

• Prokaryotic• Have cell walls made

of protein• May be autotrophic or

heterotrophic• Found in all habitats

except harsh ones• Some cause disease 8

CLASSIFICATION OF SPECIES• Why are members of

Kingdom Eubacteria important?• Decomposers• Nitrogen fixers• Commercially important

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CLASSIFICATION OF SPECIES• Domain Archaea

contains…• Characteristics of

Kingdom Archaebacteria…

• Kingdom Archaebacteria• Prokaryotic• Have cell walls made

of protein• May be autotrophic or

heterotrophic• Live in harsh

environments• 1st cellular organisms

CLASSIFICATION OF SPECIES• Kingdom

Archaebacteria members are found in…

• Scientists believe that Archaebacteria are …

• Sewage treatment plants• Volcanic vents or hot

springs• Long-frozen ice

• More related to the members of Domain Eukarya than Domain Bacteria

•What evidence did scientists use to determine the archaebacteria is most similar to eukaryotes?

CLASSIFICATION OF SPECIES• Domain Eukarya

contains…

• What all members have in common…

• Kingdoms:1. Protista2. Fungi3. Plantae4. Animalia

• They are eukaryotic

•What does Eukaryote mean?•How will you recognize it on your test? •What structure are you looking for?

CLASSIFICATION OF SPECIES• Characteristics of

Kingdom Protista

• Where do they live?

• Most unicellular, some (algae) are multicellular• Some autotrophic, some

heterotrophic• Some have cell walls made

of cellulose• Some have chloroplasts

• Mostly in water; some in moist soil or animal bodies

CLASSIFICATION OF SPECIES• It is classified as a

protist if it is not…• What are the most

important protists?

• A fungus, a plant or an animal• Phytoplankton and

zooplankton

CLASSIFICATION OF SPECIES• The characteristics of

Kingdom Fungi are…• All members are

multicellular except for yeasts• Absorptive

heterotrophs; they are decomposers• Have cell walls made of

chitin

CLASSIFICATION OF SPECIES• The characteristics of

Kingdom Plantae are…

• All multicellular• All autotrophic• Cell walls made of

cellulose• Have chloroplasts

and a large central vacuole• Also called producers

CLASSIFICATION OF SPECIES• The characteristics of

Kingdom Animalia are…

• All multicellular• All ingestive

heterotrophs• None have cell walls

or chloroplasts• Also called

consumers

CLASSIFICATION OF SPECIES• How were organisms

first classified?

• How are organisms classified now?

• Grouped according to similarities in structure and environment they lived in

• Similarities in DNA