Claude FaidyEric MERMET French Component Design and Safety Expert General Manager [email protected]@inuclear-academy.com International

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EDUCATION and TRAINING

How to Develop the Safety Culture of Human Resources Dealing with Nuclear Energy

Claude Faidy Eric MERMET

French Component Design and Safety Expert General [email protected] [email protected]

International Nuclear Academy +33 (0)3 85 42 36 98

September 13, 2013 WNA - Annual Symposium 2013September 13, 2013

www.inuclear-academy.comRev. 3

mailto:[email protected]


2WNA - Annual Symposium 2013 2

Content

Introduction to INTERNATIONAL NUCLEAR ACADEMYCultureSafetySafety CultureExample: Design/ Construction/Operation of SSC

Reference systemSpecificationsCodes & StandardsSafety Analysis ReportRegulation

INA Safety Culture training coursesPrinciplesExamples

Conclusions

September 13, 2013

www.inuclear-academy.com


International Nuclear Academy

Initiated in 2009 by the PNB –

Continuing Professional Development dedicated to Nuclear, from Operators to Executives

Get access to unique facilities :the CETIC is a training centre displaying 1:1 scale mocks-up of primary system components designed for training on maintenance and refueling operations.

Speakers are originated from a wide network of experts, with a large nuclear experience, renowned in France and abroad

September 13, 2013



INA nuclear training courses

September 13, 2013


EXENUC

EXENUC – EXPORTUK-China-CZ-P

SAFETYNUC

MARKETNUC

DISMANTNUC

EXPORTNUCUK-China-India

QUALINUC_RCC-M

QUALINUC_ASME

QUALINUC_RSE-M

DESP-ESPN

Human Performance

RISKNUC

DEVELOPPING NUCLEAR SAFETY CULTURE

ADDRESSING NEW MARKETS

IMPLEMENTING NUCLEAR MANAGING

TOOLS

DEVELOPPING CODES & STANDARDS

UNDERSTANDING

STANDARDNUC

OUR TRAINING SESSIONSDesigned for your nuclear expertise

YOUR GOAL to match nuclear market expectations


Culture

Culture emerges in adaptive interactionsCulture consists of shared elements (shared language, and the opportunity to interact). Culture is transmitted across time periods and generations (modern communications results in cultural diffusion in films and television). Culture is a complex concept

Culture is deepCulture is broadCulture is stable○ Any prospective cultural change creates great anxiety and resistance to change○ If you want to change some elements of your culture, you must recognize that you are tackling some

of the most stable parts of your life.

September 13, 2013



Safety

covers the actions taken to prevent nuclear and radiation accidents or to limit their consequences all along the total life of the plant: design, construction, operation and dismantlement

Actions could beTechnicalHumanOrganizational…

Assure the normal operations limited exposition of workerslimited production of radioactive waste

Prevent incidental or accidental conditions

Limit consequences of potential incidental or accidental conditions

Consider all internal/external hazards

September 13, 2013

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Major Nuclear Safety Principles

Defense in depthSystematic failure considerationProtection against consequences by successive lines of defense○ Prevention (avoidance)○ Surveillance (anticipation)○ Action (limitation)

3 barriers (without any leak in all conditions…)Fuel claddingPrimary system (mainly the pressure boundary)Containment building

Single failure criterionSystem Design has to consider failure of the systemAll possible accidental conditions But never all the 3 barriers in the same timeLimitation through RISK evaluation (probability of failure x consequences)Redundancy / Common mode of failureExternal / Internal hazard consideration

3 major safety functions:Reactivity controlFuel cooling controlRadioactive products confinement

September 13, 2013 WNA - Annual Symposium 2013


Nuclear Safety Principle Consequences1- Before nuclear plant construction, safety analysis have to be:

developed by Utility and reviewed/approved by National Safety Authority

2- Technical and human actions are defined by Utility to:assure normal conditionsprevent incidental and accidental conditionslimit potential consequences of incidental /accidental conditions

3- During the plant construction, quality of safety class Systems, Structures and Components (SSC) are controlled to be in accordance with detailed specifications

4- During operation, the Operator has to make periodic tests and surveillance to assure continuous fulfillment of Safety Functions

5- Regulation is defined by National Safety Authority for Design-Construction – Operation – Dismantlement:

Definition of general objectives on nuclear safetyPrepare general technical rulesAnalyze the utility proposalsCheck through inspections Release remarks and agreements (up to plant shutdown requirements…)

6- Safety Analysis Report remains the key document developed by the Utility and Review by Safety Authority , including set of Codes & Standards to be used to answer to Safety Analysis

September 13, 2013


Safety culture

NRC Nuclear Safety Culture :

Core values and behaviors resulting from a collective commitment by leaders and individuals to emphasize safety, over competing goals to ensure protection of people and the environment

Extremely large concern:

Apply to all licensees, certificate holders, permit holders, authorization holders, holders of quality assurance program approvals, vendors and suppliers of safety-related components and applicants for license, certificate permit, authorization, or quality assurance program approval, subject to NRC authority

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Safety Culture Principle and Philosophy

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1- Independence2- Openness3- Clarity4- Efficiency5- Reliability

1- to maintain the highest safety level2- to open safety information to the public3- to promote research on safety and

technology development4- to abide by the international treaties and

to expand international cooperation5- to reinforce the safety related laws and systems6- to promote a safety culture7- to induce the general public to participate

in the establishment of a safety policy8- To secure independence and justification of the regulation

Principles

Philosophy



Example: design and construction of components

Reference systemSafety Analysis ReportCodes & StandardsRegulationSpecificationsQuality Management System

DesignSelect the materialsManufactureExamineTestProtectInstallOperateDismantleAssociated with Internal / External communication

September 13, 2013

All the actors concern by safety classified Systems, Structures or Components need a "Safety Culture" in relation with their particular tasks: from the top managers / project managers, to the welders, the drawer, the NDE personal or the maintenance people…



A reference system: mechanical components

September 13, 2013

Laws

Decrees Orders

Safety rules

Technical CodesStandards

Technical specifications

Project documents

Parliament

Government

Safety Authority

Industry / Utilitywith SA assessment/approval

Multi-industrynational/international

Utility / Group of Utilities

Utility

List and Main Consequences in Safety Analysis Report

Plant owner

Standard Development Organizations

Particular QA-QMfor Safety Class SSCs


Requirements and Code Selection

September 13, 2013

Safety functions

Utility / End User specifications

National Regulation,In particular

Pressure Equipment

-Design specification developed by the Utility / End user

-Equipment specification developed by the Manufacturer

+ associated Quality Management rules

Code selection + complementary requirements


Example: French Nuclear C&S

September 13, 2013

Nuclear added requirements to regular component construction rules:High quality levelHigh confidence level in the Quality○ Traceability○ Justification and Checks by Designers/Manufacturers○ Surveillance/Audits/ Inspection by Utility, Vendors and Safety Authority

Accidental conditions and external hazard considerationDedicated Quality Management System Required○ IAEA GSR-3: Partly in the Code / Partly outside through specifications

20022012 2012

a Set of tools :

- to assure Safety, - to optimize Construction and Operation, with graduated requirements- to assure Long Term Operation and Replaceability of Components


Safety Analysis Report

September 13, 2013

DEMONSTRATIONof Conformity to Requirements

APPLICABLESafety

Requirements

Volume I GENERAL

PRESENTATIONVolume II

PLANT SSC and OPERATION

Volume III SAFETY

DEMONSTRATION

STRUCTURE : 4 VOLUMES

Volume IV

PERIODIC SAFETY

REVIEWS

DESCRIPTIVEParts

Of Plant and SSC


Safety Analysis Report : IAEA

September 13, 2013

Safety Analysis ReportChapter I: Introduction Chapter II: General plant description Chapter III: Management of safety Chapter IV: Site evaluation Chapter V: General design aspects Chapter VI: Description and conformance to the design

of plant systemsChapter VII: Safety analysesChapter VIII: CommissioningChapter IX: Operational aspectsChapter X: Operational limits and conditionsChapter XI: Radiation protectionChapter XII: Emergency preparedness Chapter XIII: Environmental aspectsChapter XIV: Radioactive waste managementChapter XV: Decommissioning and end of life aspects


Examples of Safety Functions for Pres. Equip.

Safety classification: associated to "graduation of integrity reliability"

Operating conditions classified in normal, exceptional, accidental, faulted and severe accident (associated to an annual frequency)

Operability of active components in accidental situations

Functional capability of passive components in accidental conditions

Systems dedicated to manage plant "accidental " conditions

"Break exclusion" or "Incredibility of Failure" of Structures and Components

Leak tightness requirements in all situations, including accidental conditions

External – Internal Hazards description and associated criteria

September 13, 2013


Examples of Utility Design Specifications

Equipment general description, including precise limits (attachments/appurtenances) and expected life

All information that can affect the component pressure boundary design or fabrication

Safety class and all safety requirements and associated criteria

Radioprotection classification

Overpressure protection / all other protections

Transport/ Storage/ Installation

Field experience, when available

Maintenance, surveillance, inspection requirements, ageing considerations

List of documents to be transferred to Utility by Manufacturers

September 13, 2013


Typical INA Safety Culture Bespoke Courses

September 13, 2013

Nuclear Energy

Nuclear Safety Organization

Your product or your service in a NPPPossible deviations and consequences on NPP

Safety Culture in your company

1- Introduction2- Plant Description3- SSCs

1- Safety Principles2- Safety Regulation3- Safety Analysis

1- Place of your product or service2- Associated Safety Functions3- Safety Analysis and Consequences of deviation

1- collective commitment by leaders and individuals to emphasize safety in your company


Exemple 1 : Valinox Nucléaire (SG tube)

September 13, 2013

Safety Culture Training of 500 employeesSimulation of SG tube rupture and safety consequences


Exemple 2 : Velan (Valves)

September 13, 2013

Safety Culture Training of 250 employeesIdentification of VELAN valves in NPP and safety consequences in case of dysfunction

Safety Injection SystemReactor Heat Removal System


Conclusions

September 13, 2013

Safety Culture: collective commitment by leaders and individuals to emphasize safety

with extremely large different persons concernedLarge concern training has to be adapted case by case to each safety concerned actor

INA is an actor through different training courses to support Safety Culture:Safety Culture adapted to particular "components" or "services" in a given companyNational and International Nuclear RegulationInternational Nuclear Codes & StandardsComparison of international practices

INA can design specific training programs adapted to your process and your environment:from few hours to few days format depending on your needsfrom designers and manufacturers to operators and managing teamBased on the large French Nuclear Experience grouped around the Partner in Nuclear Business

2 important examples of company "Safety Culture Training Courses" are on-going:Steam generator tube manufacturer: 500 employeesSafety valve manufacturer: 250 employers


23WNA - Annual Symposium 2013 23September 13, 2013

Thank you

: + 33 385 423 698

@ : [email protected]



http://www.inuclear-academy.com/

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Claude FaidyEric MERMET French Component Design and Safety Expert General Manager [email protected]@inuclear-academy.com International