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2003
Claudia Parra B. Claudia Parra B.
Business Communication SkillsBusiness Communication Skills
School of Business Administration
Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso
Business English. School of Business Administration Pntificia Universidad Catòlica de Valparaìso
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VerbsVerbs
Verbs Verbs describe actions – what has
happened, what is happening, or what will or might happen – or a condition
Transitive verbs take an object Intransitive verbs do not take an object Verbs must always agree with their subjects
Business English. School of Business Administration Pntificia Universidad Catòlica de Valparaìso
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VerbsVerbs
Verbs, with the addition of auxiliary verbs, sometimes express Tense (do, did, will,) Mood Voice
Verbs can be modified (described) by adverbs
Business English. School of Business Administration Pntificia Universidad Catòlica de Valparaìso
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Verbs Verbs
Transitive and Intransitive Verbs Verbs can be divided into two categories,
transitive and intransitive. Transitive verbs are followed by direct objects. Intransitive verbs do not have a direct object.
One requires and object and the other cannot take an object: raise/rise.
Business English. School of Business Administration Pntificia Universidad Catòlica de Valparaìso
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VerbsVerbs
Transitive Verbs (Verbs which do not have an object)
increaserise
go up
decrease- decline
go down - drop
fall
Intransitive Verbs (Verbs which have an object)
increaseraise
decrease
reduce
drop
Business English. School of Business Administration Pntificia Universidad Catòlica de Valparaìso
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VerbsVerbs
Transitive Verbs (Verbs which do not have an object)
1. The population of the world is increasing.
2. The prices of electric goods have fallen.
Intransitive Verbs (Verbs which have an object)
1. The government has increased income tax.
2. We have reduced our prices by 10%
Business English. School of Business Administration Pntificia Universidad Catòlica de Valparaìso
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Verbs Verbs
Simple Present Tense Use the simple present tense to express facts,
states of being, or actions that are occurring or that occur regularly.
As more companies enter the market , competition increases.
Our company raises salaries once every year.
Business English. School of Business Administration Pntificia Universidad Catòlica de Valparaìso
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Verbs Verbs
Simple Present Tense
The simple present tense can also express future actions that are scheduled to occur. The spring term begins in January next year. The next flight to Tokyo leaves tomorrow al 6:00 am.
Business English. School of Business Administration Pntificia Universidad Catòlica de Valparaìso
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Verbs Verbs
Simple Past Tense Use the simple past tense to express actions
completed at a specific time in the past. To form the past tense add the ending –ed to the base form of the regular verb.
US and Chilean officials signed the first Free Trade Treaty between the United States and a South American country, on June 6, 2003.
Goods trade between the United States and Chile in 2002 amounted to 6.4 billion dollars..
Business English. School of Business Administration Pntificia Universidad Catòlica de Valparaìso
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Verbs Verbs
Simple Future Tense
Use the future tense to indicate action that will
occur at some point after the present. You can
express future tense by using a verb in the
simple present with a future adverb, by using
the auxiliary will, or by using the expression is
going to or are going to.
Business English. School of Business Administration Pntificia Universidad Catòlica de Valparaìso
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Verbs Verbs
Simple Future Tense Once the agreement comes into effect, we
shall develope a stronger trade relashionship with USA.
The agreement with Chile will slash tax barrieres, protect investors, and ensure the competitiviness of American companies in the global market.
Business English. School of Business Administration Pntificia Universidad Catòlica de Valparaìso
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Verbs Verbs
Present Perfect Tense1. Actions which started in the past and are still continuing The present perfect is often used for an action which started at some
time in the past, and are still continuing now. Often, the words for (with a length of time) and since (with a starting time) are used along with the present perfect.
He has lived in Canada for five years. (He started living in Canada five years ago, and he's still living there
now.) She has worked at the University since 1994. (She started working at the University in 1994, and she's still working
there now.)
Business English. School of Business Administration Pntificia Universidad Catòlica de Valparaìso
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Verbs Verbs
Present Perfect Tense To form the present perfect, use the present
tense form of the auxiliary have and the past participle of the main verb. The present perfect is commonly used with the following adverbs:
already, always, ever, just, lately, never, recently, since, still, and yet.
Business English. School of Business Administration Pntificia Universidad Catòlica de Valparaìso
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Verbs Verbs
Present Perfect Tense The issuing bank has released the
documents of credit to the importer
After six rounds of negotiations, our workers still haven’t gotten to a final agreement.
Business English. School of Business Administration Pntificia Universidad Catòlica de Valparaìso
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Verbs Verbs
Past Perfect Tense Use the past perfect tense to express states or
actions that began and came to an end before a specified point in the past. To form the past perfect, use the past tense form of the auxiliary have and the past participle of the main verb.
Business English. School of Business Administration Pntificia Universidad Catòlica de Valparaìso
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Verbs Verbs
Past Perfect Tense: The negotiators realized another meeting
would be necessary, because they had not reached an agreement.
When I left the office, the building was empty, because everyone had gone home.
Business English. School of Business Administration Pntificia Universidad Catòlica de Valparaìso
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Verbs Verbs
Future Perfect Tense Use the future perfect tense to express states or
actions that will have come to an end before a specific point in the future. To form the future perfect, use the auxiliaries will have and the past participle of the main verb.
By the end of the semester, the technical interest group will have completed its report.
Business English. School of Business Administration Pntificia Universidad Catòlica de Valparaìso
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Verbs Verbs
Progressive Form Use the progressive form (sometimes called
the continuous form) in conjunction with any verb (present, past, future, present perfect, past perfect, future perfect) to express an action that is ongoing with respect to a point in time or another action.
To make the progressive form, use a form of the auxiliary verb be and the present participle of the main verb.
Business English. School of Business Administration Pntificia Universidad Catòlica de Valparaìso
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Verbs Verbs
Progressive Form The Internet is revolutionizing the way we
communicate. Among the younger generation, letter writing
was disappearing even before the Internet. Letter writing will be disappearing even
more rapidly in the next ten years.
Business English. School of Business Administration Pntificia Universidad Catòlica de Valparaìso
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Verbs Verbs
Progressive Form Do not use the progressive form with states of
facts; use the simple present tense or simple past tense instead.
Some verbs that commonly describe such states are appear, appreciate, be, believe, belong, care, compromise, consider, contain, cost, desire, dislike, doubt, fear, forget, have, hear, love, look, resemble, think, want.