Click to Play! Neuro Quiz Michael McKeough 2008 Identify the correct question The Motor System

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Neuro QuizNeuro Quiz

Michael McKeough 2008

Identify the correct question

The Motor SystemThe Motor System

Motor SystemMotor SystemNeuro QuizNeuro Quiz

DorsolateralDorsolateral

Motor Motor SystemSystem

VentromedialVentromedial

MotorMotorSystemSystem

Motor Motor NeuronsNeurons Misc.Misc.

MotorMotor

ControlControl

CentersCenters

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Click category value to begin.

Dorsolateral Motor Dorsolateral Motor SystemSystem 100 100

Learned, willed, skilled movements, Learned, willed, skilled movements, particularly of the hand. particularly of the hand.

What are the types of movement What are the types of movement (functions) controlled by the (functions) controlled by the dorsolateral motor system?dorsolateral motor system?

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Dorsolateral Motor Dorsolateral Motor SystemSystem

200200The cell bodies ofThe cell bodies of these neurons are these neurons are located in somatically organized areas located in somatically organized areas of the precentral gyrus.of the precentral gyrus.

The axons of these neurons travel in The axons of these neurons travel in the lateral corticospinal tract. the lateral corticospinal tract.

What are upper motor neurons?What are upper motor neurons?



The cell bodies ofThe cell bodies of these neurons are these neurons are located in somatically organized located in somatically organized areas of the ventral horn.areas of the ventral horn.

The axons of these neurons travel in The axons of these neurons travel in the peripheral nervous system and the peripheral nervous system and innervate skeletal muscle. innervate skeletal muscle.

What are lower motor neurons?What are lower motor neurons?



Upper motor neurons cross the Upper motor neurons cross the midline (decussate) after passing midline (decussate) after passing through this structure.through this structure.

What is the medullary pyramid?What is the medullary pyramid?



Approximately 10% of upper motor Approximately 10% of upper motor neurons have this relationship with neurons have this relationship with lower motor neurons.lower motor neurons.

What are monosynaptic connections?What are monosynaptic connections?


Ventromedial Motor Ventromedial Motor SystemSystem 100 100

These are the types of movement These are the types of movement (functions) controlled by the (functions) controlled by the ventromedial motor system.ventromedial motor system.

What are tone, posture, and What are tone, posture, and associative movement?associative movement?


These tracts comprise the These tracts comprise the ventromedial motor system.ventromedial motor system.

Ventromedial Motor SystemVentromedial Motor System 200200

What are the tectospinal, What are the tectospinal, reticulospinal, vestibulospinal, and reticulospinal, vestibulospinal, and ventral (anterior) corticospinal tracts?ventral (anterior) corticospinal tracts?


UpperUpper motor neurons in the motor neurons in the ventromedial motor system terminate ventromedial motor system terminate here.here.


What are the ventromedial lower What are the ventromedial lower motor neuron pools, bilaterally?motor neuron pools, bilaterally?


This tract is located in the anterior This tract is located in the anterior column (funiculus) and consists of column (funiculus) and consists of upper motor neurons originating in upper motor neurons originating in the ipsilateral primary motor cortex.the ipsilateral primary motor cortex.

Ventromedial Motor SystemVentromedial Motor System 400400

What is the ventral (anterior) What is the ventral (anterior) corticospinal tract?corticospinal tract?



This pathway originates in the This pathway originates in the brainstem, descends in the lateral brainstem, descends in the lateral column (funiculus) and is concerned column (funiculus) and is concerned with the control of posture with the control of posture (particularly extensor muscles) as (particularly extensor muscles) as well as the coordination of head and well as the coordination of head and eye movement.eye movement.What is the lateral vestibulospinal What is the lateral vestibulospinal tract?tract? Return toReturn to

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Motor Neurons Motor Neurons 100100

They convey movement commands They convey movement commands from motor control centers in the from motor control centers in the cortex and brainstem to lower motor cortex and brainstem to lower motor centers located at segmental levels centers located at segmental levels of the neuraxis.of the neuraxis.

What are upper motor neurons ?What are upper motor neurons ?



They are located in the peripheral They are located in the peripheral nervous system and convey nervous system and convey movement commands from cranial movement commands from cranial nerve nuclei or the ventral horn of nerve nuclei or the ventral horn of the spinal cord to skeletal muscle in the spinal cord to skeletal muscle in the head and body, respectively. the head and body, respectively.

What are lower motor neuronsWhat are lower motor neurons ??


Motor NeuronsMotor Neurons 300300

They are located in the peripheral They are located in the peripheral nervous system and convey nervous system and convey movement commands from cranial movement commands from cranial nerve nuclei or the ventral horn of the nerve nuclei or the ventral horn of the spinal cord tospinal cord to extrafusal muscle fibersextrafusal muscle fibers in in the head and body, respectively.the head and body, respectively.

What are alpha lower motor neurons?What are alpha lower motor neurons?



They are located in the peripheral nervous They are located in the peripheral nervous system and convey movement commands system and convey movement commands from segmental motor control centers to from segmental motor control centers to intra- and extrafusal muscles fibers, intra- and extrafusal muscles fibers, simultaneously.simultaneously.

They couple the alpha and gamma motor They couple the alpha and gamma motor systemssystems

They are more common in reptiles than They are more common in reptiles than mammals.mammals.


What are beta lower motor neurons?What are beta lower motor neurons?


They increase the sensitivity of They increase the sensitivity of intrafusal muscles fibers to the phasic intrafusal muscles fibers to the phasic portion of a change in muscle length.portion of a change in muscle length.

What are dynamic gamma motor What are dynamic gamma motor neurons?neurons?


MiscellaneousMiscellaneous 100 100

This physiological mapping of the This physiological mapping of the cortex depicts a distorted cortex depicts a distorted representation of the body.representation of the body.

Body parts are portrayed Body parts are portrayed proportional to the amount of brain proportional to the amount of brain space dedicated to the control of space dedicated to the control of movement of that body part. movement of that body part.


What is the motor homunculus?What is the motor homunculus?

MiscellaneousMiscellaneous200200

This spinal pathway originates in the This spinal pathway originates in the contralateral cerebral cortex and is contralateral cerebral cortex and is concerned with the control of concerned with the control of manipulation and fractionated manipulation and fractionated movement of distal limb segments movement of distal limb segments (particularly the hand).(particularly the hand).

What is the lateral corticospinal What is the lateral corticospinal tract?tract?



This pathology causes brain damage This pathology causes brain damage that produces limitations in the ability to that produces limitations in the ability to move due to paresis and spasticity.move due to paresis and spasticity.

The movement deficits caused by this The movement deficits caused by this pathology appear on the side of the pathology appear on the side of the body opposite the brain damage.body opposite the brain damage.

What is a stroke or cerebrovascular What is a stroke or cerebrovascular accident?accident?



The type of hand movement controlled The type of hand movement controlled by the corticospinal tract.by the corticospinal tract.

Independent control of individual digits Independent control of individual digits including terminal opposition of the including terminal opposition of the thumb and individual digits.thumb and individual digits.

What is the fractionated movement?



This system auto-regulates This system auto-regulates (reflexively) joint position.(reflexively) joint position.

This system provides feedback about This system provides feedback about the alpha motor system (muscle the alpha motor system (muscle tension and muscle length).tension and muscle length).

What is the gamma motor system?What is the gamma motor system?


Motor Control CentersMotor Control Centers 100100

Located in the precentral gyrus.Located in the precentral gyrus.

Somatotopically organized.Somatotopically organized.

Controls learned, willed, skilled Controls learned, willed, skilled movements of the contralateral body.movements of the contralateral body.

What is the primary motor cortex?What is the primary motor cortex?



Located in the cortex of the frontal Located in the cortex of the frontal lobe.lobe.

Responsible for controlling voluntary Responsible for controlling voluntary eye movement.eye movement.

What is the frontal eye field?What is the frontal eye field?



Located in the cortex of the frontal Located in the cortex of the frontal lobe, usually in the left hemisphere.lobe, usually in the left hemisphere.

Responsible for speech production.Responsible for speech production.

Lesions here cause non-fluent Lesions here cause non-fluent (productive) aphasia.(productive) aphasia.

What is Brocha’s area?What is Brocha’s area?



Located at the base of the Located at the base of the telencephalon in both hemispheres.telencephalon in both hemispheres.Responsible for controlling initiation, Responsible for controlling initiation, termination, and scaling of internally termination, and scaling of internally generated movements.generated movements.Lesions here cause Parkinson's Lesions here cause Parkinson's disease.disease.

What are the basal ganglia?What are the basal ganglia?Return toReturn to

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Located on the dorsal surface of the Located on the dorsal surface of the brainstem.brainstem.

Responsible for the timing and Responsible for the timing and coordination of complex movements coordination of complex movements and detecting movement errors.and detecting movement errors.

What is the cerebellum?What is the cerebellum?


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Click to Play! Neuro Quiz Michael McKeough 2008 Identify the correct question The Motor System