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Climate
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GOYAL B
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4. CLIMATE
ASSIGNMENTS FOR SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT
I. MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS (1 mark)
A. IMPORTANT QUESTIONS
1. Which of the following terms refers to thesum total of weather conditions and variationsover a large area for a long period of time(more than thirty years)?(a) Atmosphere(b) Annual range of temperature(c) Climate (d) Monsoons
2. Which of the following is not an element ofweather and climate?(a) Atmospheric pressure (b) Temperature(c) Humidity (d) Altitude
3. Which of the following statements definesweather?(a) Atmospheric conditions over a large area for
a long period of time(b) State of the atmosphere over an area at any
point of time(c) Envelop of air surrounding earth(d) Generalised monthly atmospheric conditions
4. In which of the following places of Indiaprecipitation is in form of snowfall?(a) Shillong (b) Drass(c) Chandigarh (d) Haridwar
5. Which of the following places of Indiaexperiences the highest summer temperature?(a) Pahalgam (b) Leh(c) Thiruvananthapuram (d) Jaisalmer
6. Which of the following is the rainiest station?(a) Shillong (b) Mumbai(c) Chennai (d) Kolkata
7. Which one of the following is the driest station?(a) Mumbai (b) Leh(c) Bengaluru (d) Delhi
8. Most parts of India receive rainfall duringwhich of the following months?(a) December to February(b) March to May(c) June to September(d) October to November
9. In which of the following months does theTamil Nadu coast get most of its rainfall?(a) December to February(b) March to May(c) June to September(d) October to November
10. Which of the following places in Indiaexperiences very high diurnal range oftemperature?(a) Kolkata (b) Jodhpur(c) Chennai (d) Delhi
11. In which of the following places of India thereis very little difference between day and nighttemperatures?(a) Guwahati (b) Nagpur(c) Thiruvananthapuram (d) Delhi
12. In which of the following places are housesbuilt on stilts?(a) Assam (b) Rajasthan(c) Goa (d) Kerala
13. Which one of the following is not one of thesix major controls of the climate of any place?(a) Latitude(b) Temperature(c) Pressure and wind system(d) Distance from the sea
14. Latitude and altitude of a place determinewhich of the following climatic elements of aplace?(a) Pressure and wind system(b) Temperature(c) Rainfall pattern (d) All the above
15. Which of the following places have coolerclimate even during summers?(a) Allahabad (b) Mumbai(c) Mussoorie (d) Amritsar
16. Which of the following places of Indiaexperiences extreme type of climate?(a) Shillong (b) Bengaluru(c) Chennai (d) Delhi
Assignments in Social Science Class IX (Term II)
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17. Due to which of the following factors doesPune receive much lesser rainfall as comparedto Mumbai?(a) It is located on the leeward side of Western
Ghats(b) It is located on windward side of Western
Ghats(c) Continentality(d) Distance from the sea
18. Which of the following latitudes passesthrough the middle of our country giving itthe characteristics of tropical as well assubtropical climate?(a) Tropic of Capricorn(b) Tropic of Cancer(c) Equator(d) 82°30'N
19. The Indian subcontinent experiencescomparatively milder winters as compared toCentral Asia due to which of the followingfactors?(a) The Tropic of Cancer(b) The surrounding seas(c) The Himalayas(d) Ocean currents
20. Which of the following atmospheric conditionsgovern the climate and associated weatherconditions in India?(a) Pressure and surface winds(b) Upper air circulation(c) Western cyclonic disturbances and tropical
cyclones(d) All of the above
21. Which of the following winds bringswidespread rainfall over the mainland ofIndia?(a) North-easterly(b) Westerlies(c) South-west monsoon winds(d) Sea breeze
22. Which of the following is a component ofupper air circulation?(a) North-easterlies(b) Jet stream(c) South-west monsoon(d) Kal Baishakhi
23. From which of the following pressure belts dothe north-easterly trade winds originate?(a) Equatorial low pressure belt
(b) Subtropical high pressure belt of theNorthern Hemisphere
(c) Subtropical high pressure belt of theSouthern Hemisphere
(d) Temperate low pressure belt of the NorthernHemisphere
24. Due to which of the following reasons are thesouth-west monsoons rain-bearing winds?(a) They blow from low pressure area of north-
eastern India towards the seas(b) They are seasonal winds(c) They blow over warm Indian Ocean and
gather moisture(d) They strike the Himalayas
25. Which of the following prevents the southwestmonsoon winds from escaping from India?(a) The surrounding seas(b) The Himalayas(c) Low pressure over Central Asia(d) The Indian deserts
26. The word ‘monsoon’ is derived from a wordwhich literally means which of the following?(a) Seasons (b) Wind pattern(c) Change (d) Mausumbi
27. In which of the following stations of India'smainland does the monsoons arrive first?(a) Thiruvananthapuram(b) Kolkata(c) Chennai(d) Delhi
28. By which of the following dates do southernparts of our islands receive their first monsoonshowers?(a) First week of April(b) First week of May(c) First week of June(d) Mid-October
29. Which of the following stations of Indiaexperiences snowfall in winter?(a) Aurangabad (b) Guwahati(c) Ooty (d) Srinagar
30. Which of the following causes rainfall in WestBengal during the hot weather season?(a) Mango showers(b) Kal Baishakhi(c) Southwest monsoon(d) Retreating Monsoon
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6. Describe any three facts which affect themechanism of monsoons. [2011 (T-2)]
7. Why does Mumbai receive more rainfall insummer season while Chennai receives rainfallin winter? [2011 (T-2)]
8. Explain any three factors controlling the Indianclimatic conditions. [2011 (T-2)]
9. What are Jet Streams and how do they affect theclimate of India? [2011 (T-2)]
10. Why North West India receives rainfall in winter?Give any three reasons. [2011 (T-2)]
11. Why are South-West monsoons less rainy in TamilNadu? Explain. [2011 (T-2)]
12. Explain what is smonsoon? Name the twobranches of monsoon and explain any one?
[2011 (T-2)]13. Describe the mechanism of monsoon. [2011 (T-2)]14. What are Western disturbances? How do they
effect the climate of India? [2011 (T-2)]
15. What are the elements of weather and climate?Distinguish between weather and climate.
[2011 (T-2)]
II. SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS (3 marks)
A. IMPORTANT QUESTIONS
1. What are jet streams? How do they affect theclimate?
2. What is the loo? How does it affect the weatherof a place?
3. Write a short note on the retreating monsoons.4. Describe with examples how altitude affects the
climate of a place.5. Describe with examples how distance from the
sea influences the climate of a place.
6. What form of precipitation does the upper partof the Himalayas receive and why?
7. Write a short note on the trade winds. What arethe effects of trade winds on the climate of India?
8. Discuss why Mawsynram receives the highestrainfall in the world.
9. What is the Coriolis force? Describe briefly itsaffect on the climate of the world.
10. Give reasons why the bulk of the rainfall isconcentrated over a few months in India.
B. QUESTIONS FROM CBSE EXAMINATION PAPERS1. Study the data given below carefully and answer the following questions. [2011 (T-2)]
(19.1) Name the station which is farthest from the Equator.(19.2) Name the driest and wettest station among the three stations.
2. Describe the main features of Retreating monsoon season of India. [2011 (T-2)]3. Why do the Western Ghats receive more rainfall than the Eastern Ghats? Explain briefly. [2011 (T-2)]4. How do monsoon act as a unifying bond for India explain. [2011 (T-2)]5. Study the climate data of the given place and answer the following questions : [2011 (T-2)]
(1) Calculate the total annual rainfall for this station.(2) What is the annual range of temperature here?(3) Name the rainiest month.
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22. Define monsoon. Differentiate between ‘Burstof the monsoon’ and ‘Break of the monsoon’.
[2011 (T-2)]23. Differentiate between cold and hot weather
season in three points. [2011 (T-2)]24. Why the distibution of rainfall in India is uneven?
Give any three resons. [2011 (T-2)]
25. Explain how monsoon act as a unifying bond inthe country? [2011 (T-2)]
26. What influence has the Himalayas on India’sclimate? [2011 (T-2)]
27. Explain the importance of monsoon rainfall inIndia. [2011 (T-2)]
16. Explain three striking features of the wet weatherseason. [2011 (T-2)]
17. Describe the four factors responsible for climaticconditions. [2011 (T-2)]
18. What are Jet Streams? How is jet stream relatedwith Western Cyclonic Disturbances?[2011 (T-2)]
19. Describe the cold weather season of India.[2011 (T-2)]
20. Study the following climatic data and answer the questions that follow : [2011 (T-2)]
(19.1) Name the rainiest month of the year. How much is the rainfall in this month?(19.2) What is the annual range of temperature here?(19.3) Name the hottest month and write the temperature.
21. Study the following climatic data and answer the questions that follow : [2011 (T-2)]
(19.1) Name the rainiest month of the year. How much is the rainfall in this month?(19.2) What is the annual range of temperature here?(19.3) Name the hottest month and write the temperature.
III. LONG ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS (4 marks)
A. IMPORTANT QUESTIONS
1. Write a brief note on the south-west monsoonand its influence on the climate of India.
2. Why does the rainfall decreases from east to westin Northern India? Write a brief note explainingwhy.
3. Distinguish between south-west monsoon andnorth-east monsoon.
4. Explain the major factors influencing climate inIndia.
5. Write briefly about the Arabian Sea branch ofthe monsoon.
6. Write in brief about the mechanism of themonsoons.
7. Write a brief account of the conditions andcharacteristics of the retreating monsoons.
8. Describe how the Himalayas affect the climateof India.
9. Give an account of the weather condition andcharacteristics of the cold season.
10. Give a brief account of the hot weather seasonin India.
B. QUESTIONS FROM CBSE EXAMINATION PAPERS
1. Why is the distribution of rainfall in IndiaUneven? Give four reasons. [2011 (T-2)]
2. What are the jet streams? How they affect theclimate of India. [2011 (T-2)]
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3. Write any four characteristics of Arabian Seabranch of south-west monsoons? [2011 (T-2)]
4. “India has diverse climatic conditions.” Explainby giving two examples each of temperature andprecipitation. [2011 (T-2)]
5. Differentiate between the cold weather seasonand the hot weather season of India by explaining
two distinctive features of each. [2011 (T-2)]6. Define burst of monsoons. Give an account of
the climatic conditions of the cold weather seasonin India. [2011 (T-2)]
7. What are monsoons? Give any threecharacteristics of Indian monsoons.
[2011 (T-2)]8. Study the data carefully and answer the following questions : [2011 (T-2)]
(a) Which station has the higher range of temperature and why?(b) Which station receives the higher amount of rainfall? Name the two most rainy months of this
station.9. Describe regional variations in climate with
suitable examples from India. [2011 (T-2)]
10. Define monsoon. Explain the main characteristicsof the monsoon season. [2011 (T-2)]
11. Give an account of the weather conditions andcharacteristics of the cold weather season. (Anyfour points) [2011 (T-2)]
12. Why are the monsoons considered as a unifyingbond? Explain. [2011 (T-2)]
13. Describe the factors that determine the climateof any place. [2011 (T-2)]
14. Explain the chief characteristics of cold weatherseason in India. [2011 (T-2)]
15. Differentiate any four characteristic features ofthe cold weather season and the hot weatherseason of India. [2011 (T-2)]
16. How is the Arabian Sea branch of south westmonsoons responsible for good rainfall inNorthern planes of India? Why doesn’t it giverain in central Peninsula? [2011 (T-2)]
17. Describe the four main features of the hot weatherseason. [2011 (T-2)]
18. ‘Rainfall is unevenly distributed in India.’ Justifyin four points. [2011 (T-2)]
19. Describe the regional variations in climaticcondition of India with the help of suitableexamples. [2011 (T-2)]
20. Explain the mechanism of monsoon.[2011 (T-2)]
21. Examine the regional variations in climaticconditions within the country with reference totemperature and precepitation. [2011 (T-2)]
22. Explain the features of the Hot Weather Seasonin India. [2011 (T-2)]
23. What do you mean by ‘transitional season’?Explain the term ‘October Heat’ which isexperienced by Indians during this season.
[2011 (T-2)]
IV. MAP WORK (4 marks)1. On an outline map of India, mark and label the areas that receives seasonal rainfall from June to
September.(a) Less than 20 cm (b) 40-60 cm (c) 100-200 cm (d) Above 400 cm
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2. On an outline map of India, mark and label the following:(a) Direction of the south-west monsoons with arrows(b) The places that receives annual rainfall above 200 cm(c) The places that receives annual rainfall below 40 cm(d) The places that receives annual rainfall of 60-100 cm.
3. On the outline map of India below, mark and label the following:(a) Places that receives snowfall in winter(b) The north-east monsoon with arrows(c) The place that receives the highest rainfall in the world(d) The coast of South India that receives high rainfall in winter
ASSIGNMENTS FOR FORMATIVE ASSESSMENT
I. PROJECT WORK
Make a Rain Gauge and calculate the rainfall inyour locality for the month.Requirement :
1. A large mouth jar with straight sides2. Ruler 3. Paper and pens 4. Rainy days
Procedures :1. Tape the ruler to the outside of the jar and
place the jar outside when it rains.2. Bring in the jar when the rain stops and note
the label of the rainfall in the jar.3. Make a chart to track the rain level each
day. You can plot a graph.(Mark inches on one side of the chart anddays of the week on the adjacent side ofyour chart paper.)
II. ACTIVITIES
1. LabellingIn the following diagram label the followingparts :Leeward Slope, Windward Slope, Rain ShadowArea, Mountain
A : —————— B : ——————
C : —————— D : ——————
2. GroupingGiven below are a list of some stations in India which receive rainfall during the monsoon season fromeither the Arabian Sea branch or Bay of Bengal branch of monsoon. Categorise them : Vadodara(Saurashtra), Guwahati, Mumbai, Shillong, Thiruvananthapuram, Delhi, Kolkata, Mangalore,Bhubaneshwar, Lucknow, Dehradun, Indore, Patna, Jaipur, Shimla, Kuchchh, Mathura, Panaji, Mawsynram,Punjab.
Arabian Sea branch Bay of Bengal branchEither Arabian Sea branchor Bay of Bengal branch
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III. ASSIGNMENTS
1. Study the climatic table given below and answer the questions that follow :
Station Months J F M A M J J A S O N D
A Temp 10.5 12.8 20.2 28.6 32.5 34.5 31.3 32.5 29.6 22.4 18.4 12.6in °C
Rainfall 1.4 2.1 1.5 0.5 1.1 5.6 20.8 22.8 19.5 8.1 3.1 1.1in cm
B Temp 25.5 22.4 253 27.8 38.6 33.3 32.1 28.1 27.3 28.1 27.3 25.0in °C
Rainfall 0.5 0.2 0.8 0.8 1.7 52.7 62.3 38.4 26.3 25.1 1.2 0.4in cm
a. Calculate the annual rainfall at Station A.b. What is the annual range of temperature in Station A?c. Which one of the two stations has a equable climate?d. In which season, does station A receive the most rainfall?e. What type of climate do you believe station B has?f. Make a histogram to represent the rainfall in Station A.g. Make a histogram to represent the rainfall in Station B.
2. The following graph represents the annual rainfall in Delhi. Answer the questions that follow the graph.
(a) In which two months did Delhi receive the highest rainfall?(b) In which month did Delhi receive the least rainfall?(c) How much rainfall did Delhi receive in the month of September? Give the approximate answer in
millimetres.(d) Which month did the monsoon occur in Delhi and it lasted upto which month? Give reasons for your
answer.(e) Write in a few sentences describing Delhi's climatic pattern.
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3. The following pictures are from different climatic zones of India. Study the pictures and then fill in thechart given below the pictures :
Houses Clothes Food Occupation
A
B
C
4. Young reporterFrom the weather bulletin on T.V., note down the weather report for two cities of India, one in the north,the other in the south, for a period of seven days. Note down the weather report of your town or cityfrom local newspaper. Note down all information in three tables.
Elements of Station A (north) Station B (South) Station C (Local)Weather and Climate
Temperature
Rainfall
Humidity
Sky condition
Compare the three. What differences do you observe in the weather conditions? What type of climateprevails at the stations? Discuss it with other students of the class.
5. Season SearchGiven below are a list of characteristics and weather phenomena at different times of the year. Classifythem according to the season in which it occurs. Complete the given table.October heat, Western disturbances, Loo, Tropical cyclones along eastern coast, Burst of Monsoon, KalBaisakhi, Mango Showers, Monsoon trough of low pressure, ‘Breaks’ in rainfall, Mahawat Snowfall.
Cold weather season Hot weather season Advancing monsoon Retreating monsoonWINTER SUMMER RAINY SEASON TRANSITION SEASON
Months __________ Months ____________ Months ___________ Months __________
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IV. GROUP DISCUSSION
Make a group among the students of yourclassroom and discuss India's water scarcityproblems. Outline the characteristics of monsoonand its vagaries that may lead to water searching.
V. CLASS DEBATE
Divide the students of your classroom and debateon the advantage and disadvantage of dams acrossrivers.
VI. QUIZZES
1. Write the names of the four seasons on theblackboard. Four students should take charge ofthe seasons, one for each season.WINTER SUMMER RAINY SEASONTRANSITION SEASONTake each season by turns and ask the studentsof the class to name some stations (places) thatreceive rainfall during that season. The studentsin charge of each season should write down thecorrect names of the stations in their respectivecolumns.
2. Word Jumble :Rearrange the letters in the following words tofind the true meaning as shown by the hints inbrackets :(a) TEHAWRE (Day-to-day state of the
atmosphere)(b) UISMAM (Arabic word from which the
word 'Monsoon' is derived)
(c) SNMRMWAYA (This place gets the highestrainfall in the world)
(d) LE ONNI (Periodic warm ocean currentalong the coast of Peru that affects monsoon)
(e) SICLOROI (Force caused by the Earth'srotation)
3. Missing Letters :Find the missing letters in the following wordswith the help of the hints provided :
(a) _ O _ (strong hot and dry wind blowingover North India in summer)
(b) _ A _ G _ (showers that helps ripening ofmangoes in South India)
(c) C _ R _ M _ N _ E _ (southern coast ofIndia that receives rainfall in winter)
(d) C _ C _ O _ E (strong destructive windsformed over the Bay of Bengal)
(e) J _ T _ T _ E _ M (narrow belt of highaltitude winds in the troposphere)
VII. FUN TIME
Art WatchWrite a poem entitled ‘Rains’ and paint alandscape as influenced by Monsoon. Display iton the school bulletin board.
VIII. EXCURSION
Take the students to the Weather Station orMeteorological Department of your city. Showthem the instruments used and the procedures torecord the elements of weather and climate.Explain how weather report is prepared.Encourage them to observe day-to-day changesin weather conditions.
