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Clinical ChemistryHLD 22103
Steroid Hormone-Estrogen-
Clinical ChemistryHLD 22103
Muhammad Fattah bin FazelAnis Nabila binti Mohd Nor
What Is Estrogen ? (O.o)
• Group of compounds named for their importance in both menstrual and reproductive cycles.
• Important hormone of the females
• Responsible for the secondary sexual characters in the females.
Functions of Estrogen (^_^)
• Stimulate the growth of endometrium in the uterus.
• It suppress the activity of FSH, and stimulate the secretion of LH.
• It is responsible for the youthfullness of females and it controls the action of parathormone- hormone which intake calcium ions from bones and teeth.
• After menopause estrogen will caused osteoporosis in some women due the activity of parathormones
Estrogen in Male (^_^)
• In male, estrogen does not play as important a role as it does in women though men also have a small amount of estradiol normally in their bodies
• The amount of testosterone that men have usually does not allow estrogen to have any significant physiological effects on the body.
• If the amount of estrogen compared to testosterone increases, it will cause:
- weight gain especially in the midsection
-development of enlarged breasts (gynecomastia),
- decreased sex drive
Secretion of Estrogen (-_- )
• Produced primarily by the ovaries.
• The stimulation for secretion of estrogen comes from the Luteinizing hormone (LH) from anterior pituitary gland.
Secretion of Estrogen ( -_-)
• Some of the estrogens are also produced in smaller amounts by other tissues :
-liver
- adrenal glands
- breasts.
• Fat cells are also sources of estrogen. This is the reason why underweight or overweight women are at risk of infertility.
Types of Estrogen
• Estrone
- Produce in menopause women
• Estradiol
- Produce during reproductive years
• Estriol
- Produce during pregnancy
Synthesis of Estrogen
• Synthesized in the theca interna cells in the ovary.
Cholesterol Androstenodione Estrone
Aromataseenzyme
Cholesterol Androstenodione Testosterone
Aromataseenzyme
Estrone
Synthesis of Estrogen
• Estriol
DHEA sulfate Estriol
Sulfataseenzyme
In placenta
Synthesis of Estrogen
Estrogen Imbalance
High Level of Estrogen Low Level of Estrogen
Estrogen ImbalanceHigh Level of Estrogen
• Cause:
1. Natural Causes of High Estrogen Levels.
2. Induced Causes of High Estrogen Levels.
3. Other Causes of High Estrogen Levels :
- Obesity
- Cardiovascular disease
- Digestive problems
Estrogen ImbalanceHigh Level of Estrogen
Symptoms
Physical Mental
-Artherosclerosis -Depression
-Headaches -Panic attacks
-Cramps -Low self esteem
-Weight gain -Mood swings
-Uterine fibroids -Memory loss
-Irregular periods
Estrogen ImbalanceLow Level of Estrogen
• Causes:
1. Natural Causes of Low Estrogen Levels
2. Other Causes of Low Estrogen Levels:
- Lifestyle
• Diet
• Stress
• Eating disorders
• Extreme exercise
• Pituitary diseases
Estrogen ImbalanceLow Level of Estrogen
• Causes:
3. In young women:
- Genetic disease, such as Turner syndrome (which leads to short stature and lack of ovulation, normal female development and menstruation)
- Chemotherapy or radiation
- Thyroid disorders
- Insufficient body fat
- Delayed development and lack of menstruation (amenorrhea)
Estrogen ImbalanceLow Level of Estrogen
Symptoms
Physical Mental
-Dry Skin -Depression
-Rapid heartbeat -Panic attacks
-Headaches -Low self esteem
-Weight gain -Mood swings
-Low back pain -Memory loss
-Difficulty concentrating
Estrogen ImbalanceTreatment
• Same for both high and low levels of estrogen.
1. Lifestyle Changes- highest amount of self discipline.
2. Alternative Medicine- extremely effective way to treat estrogen imbalance.- Phytoestrogenic and non-phytoestrogenic
3. Hormone Replacement Therapy.- highest risk and often the highest costs.
Thank You The Sky Is NOT Your LimitYou Can Go Further To Achieve The Future.