Clutches

Auto 3/4Mr. Saunders

GO

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Who needs a clutch?

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Not me!

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Big Daddy Don Garlits

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Clutches

Lets read together starting on page #

Black bookChapter 44

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Clutches 44-1 Purpose

of the Clutch Someone read

please

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Purpose of the Clutch Allows engine to be disengaged

from transmission for shifting gears and coming to a stop

Allows smooth engagement of engine to transmission

NOT !NOT !NOT !

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Clutches 44-2 Location of the Clutch

Someone read please

Rear wheel driveFront engineRear engineMid engine

Front wheel drive

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Clutches 44-3 Construction of the

Clutch Read along with me

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Clutches 44-3

Construction of the Clutch

Coil spring pressure plate (cover and pressure plate)

READ ON

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Clutches 44-3

Construction of the Clutch

Splines to input shaftOf transmission

Clutch Disk orFriction Disk

READ ON

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Pilot Bushing or bearing

READ ON

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Clutches 44-3

Construction of the Clutch

Flywheel boltsto crankshaft

Pressure plate & coverbolt to flywheel

If there is a chance you will be reusingpressure plate, make alignment marksto flywheel to maintain proper balanceBEFORE removal

When unbolting pressure plate from theflywheel, remove bolts evenly as not tobend the cover. REMEMBER, this is under high spring pressure.

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Flywheels Add weight to crank for non-power strokes Has ring-gear for cranking engine (usually

replaceable)

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Flywheels

Hot spots

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Flex plates Ring gear for automatic transmissions Light weight, bolts crank to torque

converterSometimes too

light weight

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Clutches 44-4 Operation of

the ClutchSomeone read please

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Clutches

Bolted to Crank

(friction disk) splined to transmissionInput shaft

(throw-out bearingT/O bearing) allowsto push on rotatingclutch fingers

Bolted to flywheel - Applies the spring force to clamp thefriction disk to the flywheel

(clutch fork) pushesT/O bearing to releaserotating clutch

Pilot bushing or bearing in centerof flywheel or crankshaft, supportsthe end of input shaft

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Pressure Plate

PivotsT/O bearing

Moves pressurePlate right

Releases friction diskfrom flywheel

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Clutch terms Clutch disengaged

Clutch pedal is in or down Clutch engaged

Clutch pedal is out or up

What would it mean if someone said the clutch pedalIs engaged?Make sure you know if you are talking about the clutch or the clutch pedal !!!

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Throw out Bearing (release bearing)

Slides on transmission input shaft bearing retainer

READ ON

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Clutches

READ ON

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Throw out bearings Most need clearance between fingers of

pressure plate so it isn’t spinning all the time (free play)

Riding the clutch (foot resting on pedal) Pushes T/O bearing into pressure plate

fingers Causes it spin constantly

Wearing it out too soon Releases some of clutch spring pressure

Causing clutch to slip

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Slipping clutch ?

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Free play Clearance between T/O bearing and

clutch fingers Measured at clutch pedal

Usually 1 ½ inches of free movement Goes away as clutch disk wears

thinner Some manufactures use T/O bearings

that always ride on the clutch fingers Usually self adjusting READ ON

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www.howstuffworks.com web site

In the search, type in “Clutch”

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44-5 Clutch Linkage Someone read please

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44-5 Clutch Linkage Can be very

complicated Have the right amount

of movement and direction without too much pedal pressure

Wear Motor mounts Spring to pull T/O

bearing away Has to be lubricated

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Over-center spring Helps pull up on

clutch pedal

Helps pull down on clutch pedal

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Clutch fork

T/O bearinghooks here

Fulcrum point

What wouldcause this?

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Skip to 44-10 Hydraulic clutch

Some one read please

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Hydraulic clutch Uses master cylinder and slave

cylinder Uses brake fluid Must be bleed

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Hydraulic clutch No complicated

linkage Can easily

control mechanical advantage with piston sizes

Self lubricating No motor mount

problemsService just like you would hydraulicbrakes

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Slave cylinder

Some are adjustablefor free-play and

some not

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Ford’s slave cylinders Some are part of T/O

bearing Can’t change without pulling

tranny (inside bellhousing)

Can be a royal pain to bleed

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Cable clutch No complicated

linkage Flexibility No motor mount

problems

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Linkage/Cable/Hydraulic controls

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Back to 44-6 Friction disks Someone read please

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Friction disks

Often made of asbestos

Must be put in only one way Usually

marked Clutch won’t

release if wrong

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Friction disks

Cushion springs Waved metal between clutch half's Dampen clutch engagement

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Friction disks

Torsional springs Can be spring or rubber Dampen power impulses from

crankshaft

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Torsional SpringsHas pins to limit amount of twist.

Springs try to keep it centered between pins.

Springs sometimes get weak and start rattling or fall out

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Clutch disksFriction material isn’t very thick.Minimum thickness around .012”

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Clutch disksWell, uhh…..

Dad, I only got on it a little bit

Does side stepping

the clutch at

6000 RPM

count?

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44-7 Types of Clutches Someone read please

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Types of Clutches (pressure plates)

Coil spring 9 spring 12 spring

3 fingers for T/O bearing to push on

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44-8 Diaphragm-Spring Clutches Someone read please

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Diaphragm-Spring Clutches

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44-9 Centrifugal Clutch Someone read please

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Centrifugal Clutch The faster the RPM, the harder the

clutch disk is squeezed

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Centrifugal Clutch

T/O bearing

Pressure plate

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Centrifugal Clutch

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44-11 Clutch safety switch Someone read please

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Clutch Safety Switch Prevents from cranking with clutch

engaged Some standard transmissions

won’t let you take the key out and lock the steering column with out the transmission in reverse Prevents steering lock while moving

forward

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Think Do you know the names of the clutch parts and what they do?

How would motor mounts affect the clutch?

What pulls the clutch linkage back?

What would happen if free-play is incorrect?

How would crankshaft end-play affect the clutch?

What if the pilot bushing was worn, or seized up?

What happens to free-play with disk wear?

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CDX Review Disk 15 Clutches

Clutch Components Principals of a clutch Single plate clutches Multi-plate clutches Operating mechanisms

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CDX Review

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Look at the chart on page 462 and 463 Clutch trouble diagnosis chart

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Need to Know What would cause and not cause:

Clutch slippage Clutch chatter Hard shifting Clutch noises Clutch pedal pulsations Clutch application problems

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Checking Flywheel for Run-out

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Checking pressure plate for warpage

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Clutch Disk Replacement Very wise to:

Have flywheel surfaced (even with no run-out or hot spots)

Replace pilot bushing or bearing Replace T/O bearing Replace pressure plate (cover, plate

springs)

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Clutch Disk Replacement Very wise to inspect & replace as

necessary: Clutch fork & pivot Input shaft bearing retainer on

transmission (where T/O bearing slides) Linkage, cable or hydraulic components Motor mounts Flywheel ring gear

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Installing new clutch Drive in pilot bushing or bearing

with bushing driver

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Installing new clutch Loctite and torque flywheel to

specifications on a clean crankshaft hub

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Installing new clutch You must use clutch alignment tool

(pilot shaft) when bolting up pressure plate Torque and Loctite pressure plate to

specifications Use a crossing pattern to pull

pressure plate down evenly

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Universal clutch alignment tool Select end that fits tight in pilot

bushing or bearing

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Universal clutch alignment tool

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Universal clutch alignment tool

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Clutch Alignment tools (pilot shaft)

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Alignment studs Cut off bolts

screwed into engine block

Prevents from bending clutch disk when installing transmission

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Adjust clutch Shorten or lengthen linkage or

cable to reach proper free-play

Jam nut

Adjusting nut

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We will do standard transmissions after Christmas

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Clutch questions?