28 Feb 2014

ClimaAdapt Project and Canal Network Flow Monitoring

System

Workshop onAdaptation to Climate Change - Water Use Efficiency at

Water And Land Management Training and Research Institute (WALAMTARI)

Dr. N. Sai Bhaskar ReddyCoordinator, ClimaAdapt Project, WALAMTARI

Software and Sensors Dev.

TeamRESEARCH

IMPLEMENTATION

CAPACITY BUILDING

- Superintending Engineer and team- Farmers Associations and other institutions- Farmers

- WALAMTARI- Field Training Centres

- Water Manager- PhD Scholars- Internships

Canal Network Flow Monitoring System [CNFMS]

Design

- Project Leader-Software Engineer

Implement

- AEE -AEE -AEE

ClimaAdapt

I&CAD

BIOFORSK & PARTNERS

WALAMTARICNFMS

WATER MANAGEME

NT

CNFMS Objective

• CNFMS is a web based software application for Canal Network Flow Monitoring System as part of ClimaAdapt to monitor canal flow (static and dynamic) at specified guage points and automate guage readings by minimizing human intervention thus increasing the accuracy and efficiency of monitoring system.

• It is an advanced technique to quantify water measurement at a particular location in a canal, these measurements are used for the operational managements of pumps  and gates.

WATER MANAGEMENT

•Monitoring•Control centre•Sensors development lab•Software development•Operation and maintenance - Sensors, instruments, transducers, communication systems, power, etc.•Decision support systems – Information visualization, Graphics, Artificial Intelligence, analysis, reports, etc.

WATER MANAGEMENT CENTR

E(CNFM

S)

RBC (Replogle, Bos, Clemmens) flumes

TYPES OF SENSORS

SENSORS

CONTACT

PRESSURE TYPE

CAPACITANCE TYPE

SHAFT ENCODERS

BUBBLER

NON CONTACT

ULTRASONIC

RADAR

ADCP (SONAR)

Mobile Canal Control

7

Digital Pulsed Doppler or ADCP

>contact type•Pulsed wave (PW) Doppler systems use a transducer

that alternates transmission and reception of ultrasound.

•One main advantage of pulsed Doppler is its ability to provide Doppler shift data selectively from a small segment along the ultrasound beam, referred to as the “sample volume”.

•The location of the sample volume is operator controlled.

8

9

Aqua Profiler

> Contact type•The system is designed to measure both, the vector and

the magnitude (using twin velocity beams) of individual velocity cells to account for velocity variations within the flow and obtain the flow profile.

•A third vertical acoustic or hydrostatic sensor beam is used to measure water level.

10

11

RiverSurveyor

• The patented and award-winning RiverSurveyor®, S5/M9 systems give a new perspective to the notion of measuring open channel hydraulics. Using SonTek's exclusive SmartPulseHD®, multiple acoustic frequencies are fused with precise bandwidth control for the most robust and continuous shallow-to-deep discharge measurements ever. A deterministic microcontroller expertly apportions the proper acoustics, pulse scheme, and cell size to get the highest definition possible so you can focus on the measurement, not the instrument setup. The system even has a vertical beam for precise channel definition and it's all designed to work intuitively.

Ultrasonic transmitters

> Non contact• operate by sending a sound wave generated from a piezoelectric

transducer to the surface of the process material being measured.

• transmitter measures the length of time it takes for the reflected sound wave to return to the transducer.

• successful measurement depends on the wave, reflected from the process material and moving in a straight line back to the transducer.

• factors such as dust, heavy vapours, tank obstructions, surface turbulence, foam, and even surface angles can affect the returning signal when using an ultrasonic level sensor.

13

Radar > Non contact• Working principle is similar to ultrasonic sensors.

• operation of all radar level detectors involves sending

microwave beams emitted by a sensor to the surface of liquid.

• electromagnetic waves after hitting the fluids surface returns back to the sensor which is mounted at the top.

• The time taken by the signal to return back i.e. time of flight (TOF) is then determined to measure the level of fluid.

14

DATA FLOW PATH

15

COMPONENTS OF RADAR SENSOR SYSTEM

16

DATA VISUALISATION

Graphical representation

17

Tabular data representation

18

COMPARISON

19

 

SENSORS

 

WATER

LEVEL

 

ACCURACY

 

POWER

INPUT

 

COST/UNIT(Rs)

SERVICE OF AGENCY

1) CAMPBELL

SCIENTIFIC

1 year warrenty

>RADAR RANGING SENSOR 40275-72585

a)CS475-L 50mm-20m ± 5mm 9.6-16 Vdc

b)CS476-L 50mm-30m ±3mm 9.6-16 Vdc

c)CS477-L 400mm-70m ±15mm 9.6- 16 Vdc

>SONIC RANGING SENSOR 2565-55285

SR50A-L 0.5-10m ±1cm 9-18 Vdc

2) VIRTUAL

ELECTRONICS

>DIGITAL WATER LEVEL RECORDER-RADAR TYPE 3025-60125

DWLR-R 15m-70m ±2mm 12 v  20

3)

HYDROVISION

>ULTRASONIC LEVEL

SENSOR

2575-50254

SEP3702 25m ±2% 24 Vdc

SHANGHAI

CX-RLM RADAR

WATER LEVEL

SENSOR WITH

ALARM

30 m <0.1% 4216-60230 1Year warranty

4) CHEMINS

WATER LEVEL

SENSOR LKZLD-

A

30 m <0.1% 24 Vdc

RADAR WATER

LEVEL SENSPOR

HD

30 m 6000-12000

21

5) SHANGHAI

CX-RLM-081

PULSE RADAR

INFRARED

WATER LEVEL

SENSOR

20m <0.1% 7000-60230

RRF-15 70m ±5mm 60230-18690

VRPWRD51-56 20m ±10mm 48184-12460

VRPWRD35 20m ±3mm 24 Vdc 48184-12460

SHAANXI CHINA-RADAR WATER LEVEL

SENSOR

YK=RLT01 35m ±2mm 6023-72276

22

CAMPBELL SCIENTIFICRADAR RANGING SENSORS

CS475-L

23

CS476-L

24

CS477-L

25

SONIC RANGING SENSOR

SR50A-L

26

VIRTUAL ELECTRONICSDIGITAL WATER LEVEL RECORDER-RADAR TYPE

DWLR-R 27

HYDROVISION

ULTRASONIC LEVEL SENSOR

SEP3702 28

!

! !

!

!

!!

!

!

!

!

Krishna River

Guntur Branch Canal

Bel

lam

kond

a B

ranc

h C

anal

Darsi B

ranch Canal

Addanki B

ranch Canal

Zu

lak

allu

Bra

nch

Can

al

Ongole Branch Canal

Reservoir

MAIN C

ANAL

23

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

It is captured & stored in the pre designed format in central database server

Website access to public

Water release information is being recieved through SMS

NSRC Guage Locations

Sms Inbox

CHALLENGES IN COLLECTING DATA

• The problem with manual measurements is that these are less accurate than automatic measurements and often cannot be completely reproduced.

• The first problem primarily has to do with entering data manually, while the second problem is caused by different colleagues in the field taking measurements in different ways

• People can cheat by sending information without being in the field based on their experience / guess.

WATER MANAGEMENT

SYSTEMS

TIMELY RELEASE OF WATER

ANALYSISVOLUME OF WATER

Data Processing

and dissemination

for Decision

Support

REAL-TIME DATA

You can view Real-time dataReal-time water data app: The application allows water users to instantly access information

from handheld devices on stream and salinity levels for surface water, major dam levels and inflows and water table data. The free mobile app will be made available for iPhone, Android and MS Windows.

River levels and flows

Determine water availability, water

allocations and water releases

develop water sharing plans

evaluate the performance of

water sharing plans

predict flood levels to protect people

and property

gauge the health of rivers and floodplains

improve our understanding of climate change management

manage surface and groundwater

resources throughout the

State.

Real time Maps

http://washtech.wordpress.com/2010/11/03/monitoring-water-for-people-launches-android-app/

Interactive Information Dissemination system• Weather forecast

information to mobiles• Pest and disease

surveillance for major crops (need time series data of major pest and crop)

• Weather based crop insurance products

Computer- models

ObservationsWeather

information

VIPS

With the MobileTracker, a water systems operator or hydrographer can take a field measurement by simply taking a picture; the rest is done automatically.

The Mobile Level Tracker allows you to measure water levels with the click of a button. The inaccuracy of the measurement is less than 10 mm when using a metric staff gauge and 0.15 inch when using an English staff gauge.

https://www.google.co.in/search?q=precision+agriculture+robots&espv=210&es_sm=93&tbm=isch&tbo=u&source=univ&sa=X&ei=LSYQU5q1H4jTrQfz6IGoAQ&ved=0CDwQsAQ&biw=1366&bih=667

Radar Level Sensor Surface Water Level Sensors

http://www.hachhydromet.com/web/ott_hach.nsf/wcms/7EECCC2BD1B64752C1257B25007FD92F/$file/Surface%20Water%20Level%20Sensor%20Selection%20Guide.pdf

Measures the distance from the

water surface to the bottom of the radar

sensor

Non-contact water level measurement, ideal for measuring

flood stages

Flat sensor design – significantly reduces

maintenance requirements and

frequency

Uses standard communication protocols like

SDI-12

Shaft Encoders Surface Water Level Sensors

http://www.hachhydromet.com/web/ott_hach.nsf/wcms/7EECCC2BD1B64752C1257B25007FD92F/$file/Surface%20Water%20Level%20Sensor%20Selection%20Guide.pdf

Continuous Measurement of water level using

float-operated shaft encoder

Available with an integrated

datalogger or sensor-only for use with

external dataloggers

Integrated LCD display

(Thalimedes only)

Remote data transmission

option available using the OTT ITC

Surface Water pressure sensorsSurface Water Level Sensors

http://www.hachhydromet.com/web/ott_hach.nsf/wcms/7EECCC2BD1B64752C1257B25007FD92F/$file/Surface%20Water%20Level%20Sensor%20Selection%20Guide.pdf

Ceramic pressure measurement cell – robust and reliable,

with 5 x burst pressure

Compensated for barometric pressure,

temperature, and water density

High grade 904 L Stainless Steel –

designed for use in harsh environments,

like saltwater

Simple maintenance – easily replace

battery and desiccant on-site

without tools

Pressure Level Sensor Surface Water Level Sensors

http://www.hachhydromet.com/web/ott_hach.nsf/wcms/7EECCC2BD1B64752C1257B25007FD92F/$file/Surface%20Water%20Level%20Sensor%20Selection%20Guide.pdf

Ceramic pressure measurement cell – robust and reliable,

with 5 x burst pressure

Compensated for barometric pressure,

temperature, and water density

High grade 904 L Stainless Steel –

designed for use in harsh environments,

like saltwater

Simple maintenance – easily replace

battery and desiccant on-site

without tools

All-in-one systems Surface Water Level Sensors

http://www.hachhydromet.com/web/ott_hach.nsf/wcms/7EECCC2BD1B64752C1257B25007FD92F/$file/Surface%20Water%20Level%20Sensor%20Selection%20Guide.pdf

For remote transmission of

water level, depth to water and

temperature

Conductivity measurement available with ecoLog 800

Integrated programmable

datalogger, stores up to 500.000

measurements

Support data transmission via

GSM/GPRS cellular using FTP, HTTP, SMS

or e-mail (SMTP)

Water Level Loggers Surface Water Level Sensors

http://www.hachhydromet.com/web/ott_hach.nsf/wcms/7EECCC2BD1B64752C1257B25007FD92F/$file/Surface%20Water%20Level%20Sensor%20Selection%20Guide.pdf

For monitoring water level,

depth to water, and temperature

Available with high accuracy

temperature or conductivity

measurement

Integrated programmable

datalogger, stores up to 500.000 measured

values

Remote data transmission option

available when paired with the OTT

ITC

Ultrasonic and sonic instrumentsNon-Contact Water Level Sensors

http://www.stevenswater.com/water_level_sensors/non-contact_info.html

Both ultrasonic and sonic level instruments operate on the basic principle of using sound waves to determine fluid level. The frequency

range for ultrasonic methods is ~20-200 kHz, and sonic types use a frequency of 10 kHz. a

transducer directs sound waves downward in bursts onto the surface of the water. Echoes of

these waves return to the transducer, which performs calculations to convert the distance of wave travel into a measure of level. For practical applications of this method, you must consider a

number of factors.

EC-5 Lowest Cost Volumetric Water Content Sensor Small Area of Influence

http://www.decagon.com/products/soils/volumetric-water-content-sensors/ec-5-soil-moisture-small-area-of-influence/

Reasons to pick the EC-5:•If volumetric water content is the only measurement you need.•If you are on a tight budget.•If you want a basic, all-purpose sensor with excellent accuracy.•If you are interested in a small volume of influence (eg., field spatial variability, lab column studies, or greenhouse research).

10HS Large Volume Soil Moisture

http://www.decagon.com/products/soils/volumetric-water-content-sensors/ec-5-soil-moisture-small-area-of-influence/

Measurements:•Dielectric Permittivity,•Volumetric Water Content

Applications:•Hydrology,•Irrigation Scheduling,•Water Balance Studies

Cup type Water Current Meter

www.krinstruments.com

You can use cup type current meter using a cable with sinking weight or wading rod and

will accurately measure stream flow velocities from 0.3 to 3.5 meters per second with cups. (Also available in measuring range up to 6

meter per second) The cup type current meter manufactured as per IS 3910 – 1966. You can connect this current meter to an automatic

counter / Water Velocity indicator (Sold Separately). The calibration chart provided with the meter gives the velocity in m/sec .

Digital water flow meter measure instrument

http://www.alibaba.com/product-gs/1508624988/digital_water_flow_meter_measure_instrument.html?s=p

1.measure conductive

liquid

2.no pressure

drop

3.wide spaned

4.high accuracy

Digital Handheld Ultrasonic Flow Instrument UFLO2000H Used for Water

http://www.alibaba.com/showroom/water-flow-measuring-instruments.html

Large-screen LCD * Non-

contacting measuring

* Built-in data-logger * Built-

in rechargeable battery

* High accuracy measuring *

Wide measuring range

* Small and light * RS-

232 serial interface

Software DevelopmentCNFMS

Technical architecture

Flow diagram

Add Canal:

Thank you..