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Coaching the Brain for Good
Margaret Moore, MBA, aka Coach Meg
Institute of Coaching
Wellcoaches Corporation
National Consortium for Credentialing Health & Wellness
Coaches
Agenda
1. Why we need coaches
2. How coaching works
3. 10 coaching tips
4. Discussion
Why do we need coaches?
95% of adults not engaged in
top 3-5 health behaviors
65% are overweight or obese
70% aren’t engaged in work
80% of adults are not
thriving (mentally)
Moore (2014). From Surviving to Thriving. International Coach Federation Coaching World
< 20% of adults are thriving
Barbara Fredrickson, PhD
UNC Chapel Hill
Corey Keyes, PhD
Emory University CDC Scientists
Well-Being
Assessment: An
Evaluation of Well-
Being Scales for Public
Health and Population
Estimates of Well-
Being among US
Adults (2010)
Keyes (2002). The Mental Health Continuum: From Languishing to Flourishing in Life. Journal of Health and Social Research vol. 43; 207-222
Change in Mind & Behavior
Ambivalence to Change
Coaching changes the Brain for Good…
A mind once stretched
by a new idea or
understanding will never
fully return to its original
dimensions.... William James
(1842-1910)
Our brains learn by making new connections
Insight to action to insight to action to insight…
Moore, et al: Coaching Psychology Manual. Wolters Kluwer 2015
Lasting change – imagine a new brain network
Definition of Coaching
Coaches help people reach a
higher level of well-being,
performance, and
development in life and work.
Coaches help people change
when change is hard.
Animation from: How Coaching Works @ YouTube
Coaching Mechanisms of Action
1. Growth-promoting Relationships
2. Motivation
3. Capacity to Change
4. Creativity
5. Process or Journey of Change
Moore, et al: Coaching Psychology Manual. Wolters Kluwer 2015
Professional coaches • Health & wellness coach – optimal health, wellness or well-
being (physical and mental)
– Individual and group coaching
– Supervising peer health/wellness coaches
Health and wellness professionals • Coaching skills for all allied health, healthcare/clinical, and
wellness providers
13
Transform Healthcare and Wellness...
….from dependency to empowerment
….from focus on weakness to wellness
….from expert-centered to client-centered
Launching national standards and
certification in 2016
Non-profit entity founded in 2010
Five year collaborative, volunteer,
consensus-building endeavor led by
industry leaders
www.ncchwc.org
Methods
Reviewed > 800 papers; 284 included
Coaching Elements Coaches trained in behavior change, motivational techniques
Patient-centered (guided by patient values)
Patient determined goals
Self-discovery
Accountability
Combined with education
Ongoing relationship
Wolever, Sforzo et al. Systematic Review of the literature on health and wellness coaching. Global Adv Health Med J. 2013; 234-53
Systematic Review: Health & Wellness Coaching
Conclusions: Coaching Research Studies
There is evidence in the medical
literature that coaching alone is
effective at improving health outcomes:
– Cardiovascular disease – Diabetes – Asthma – Cancer pain – Cancer survivors – Weight loss – ADHD
Frates EP, Moore MA, Lopez CN, McMahon GT: Coaching for behavior change in physiatry. Am J Phys Med Rehabil 2011;90:
1074-1082.
Telephone vs In-person health coaching
Control Phone In-
person
5% weight loss 19% 38% 41% at 2 years
Appel et al. Comparative Effectiveness of Weight Loss Interventions; N Engl J Med 2011; 365:1959-1968
Self-Determination Theory
Autonomy is a primary
biological drive, need,
capacity.
There is no one else like me
I march to my own drummer
I am in the driver’s seat
I am the boss of me
I am the captain of my ship
I am the master of my destiny
Deci, Ryan, (2000).The What and Why of Goal Pursuits. Psychological Inquiry. Vol 11. No. 4. 227-268
Human needs that generate resistance 1. To be the expert – fixer
2. To know the answer – smarty pants
3. To be needed - rescuer
4. To be in control - taking on
responsibility
5. To be right - imposing biases,
judgments, motives
6. To look good – impressing
7. To be better than other – competing
8. To be special – it’s about me
Human needs that generate rapport
1. To be benevolent
2. To be empathetic
3. To be curious
4. To be purposeful
5. To be creative
6. To seek clarity
7. To be confident
8. To be grateful
Expert Approach Coach Approach
• Authority
• Educator
• Defines agenda
• Feels responsible for client
• Solve problems
• Focus on what’s wrong
• Has the answers
• Interrupt if off topic
• Working harder than client
• Wrestle with client
• Partner
• Facilitator of change
• Elicits client’s agenda
• Client is responsible
• Foster possibilities
• Focus on what’s right
• Co-discover the answers
• Learn from client’s story
• Client works as hard as coach
• Dance with client
Moore, Tschannen-Moran: Coaching Psychology Manual. LWW. 2009
Ten
Coaching
Tips
1. Be an inspiring role model
2. Be present
3. Share positive emotions
4. Improve self-compassion
5. Elicit autonomous motivation
6. Increase confidence
7. Learn from setbacks
8. Foster creativity
9. Catalyze insights
10. Set a behavioral goal
Coaching Culinary Wellness
2. Be Present
Mindful Openness & Presence
27
Experiencing
Hig
h C
ontr
ol F
OC
US
Lo
w C
on
trol F
OC
US
Embodied
Learning
Think
Thinking
Collaborate
Flow
Open Awareness Narrow Awareness
Mind Wandering
Meta Awareness
Imagine
Nonlinear
Strategic
Evaluate
Self
Evaluate
Rapport
Executive Center
Judgment Centers
Me Center
Association Centers
Vision Center
Default Network
Open Awareness
A mind that is present
Carson, 2014
Executive Center
Judgment Center
You Center
Reward Center
Association
Vision
Default Network
Rapport
Carson, Moore 2014
Science of Human Connection & Love
Synchrony of brain and behavior
Improves brain function
Improves physical health
Fredrickson, B. LOVE 2.0, 2013
Open-minded
Flexible
Creative
Adaptable
Peripheral vision
Big picture
Positive Emotions Broaden Thinking
Fredrickson, B. Positivity, 2013
3. Share positive emotions
Harvest the Good – what is going well?
Unpack, appreciate, and savor authentic
positive emotions to improve brain function,
resilience, and physical health.
Gratitude Interest
Pride Inspiration
Joy Awe
Hope Love
Contentment Other?
Fun, amusement
Share positive emotions
Share authentic compassion for negative emotions
Calm Hearts, Calm Minds
Fredrickson, B. LOVE 2.0, 2013
4. Improve self-compassion
Five Facet Mindfulness Assessment Awareness Not automatic pilot
Observing No interpretation
Describing Labeling
Non-judgment Acceptance
Non-reactivity Not carried away
Vago, Silbersweig. 2012. Self-awareness, self-regulation, self-
transcendance. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience. Vol 6, Article 296
Meta Awareness
Frontal Pole
Executive Center
Association Centers
Me Center
Vision Center
Default Network
Carson, Moore, 2014
5. Elicit Autonomous Motivation
Drive
Meaning
Purpose
Values
Vision
Autonomous
Present – I’m cleaning up the kitchen because it’s
fun and challenging
Future – I’m cleaning up the kitchen because it
makes me feel good about my contribution to my
marriage and family External
Inner critic – I am cleaning up the kitchen because
I should – I will feel like a bad husband if I do not
Expert – l am only cleaning up the kitchen because
my wife will be angry if I don’t
Why am I cleaning the kitchen?
Imagine a future of culinary wellness…
Imagine Brain State Carson, 2014
What do you treasure
most about your health?
What matters most to you?
Not, what’s the matter with you?
Motivation & Confidence are Co-Dependent
Precontemplation
Contemplation
Action
Preparation
Maintenance
2 1 0 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
C O
N F
I D
E N
CE
I M P O R T A N C E
Moore, 2008
6. Build confidence with scientist mindset
Invest in a period devoted to experimenting
Be curious & adventurous
No benefits in first 2-3 weeks? Try something else
Look for synergy among 3-4 new habits
Wisdom & Knowledge Creativity, Curiosity, Open-mindedness, Love of learning, Perspective
Courage Authenticity, Bravery, Persistence, Zest
Humanity Kindness, Love, Social Intelligence
Justice Fairness, Leadership, Teamwork
Temperance Forgiveness, Modesty, Prudence, Self-regulation
Transcendence Appreciation of beauty, Gratitude, Hope, Humor, Spirituality
www.viacharacter.org
Curiosity
What will happen if I have the apple?
Wisdom
What would my wise self decide to do?
Learning
What can I learn from this situation?
Creativity
What’s a creative solution?
Kindness
How can I help someone else?
Use Strengths to overcome Weaknesses
7. Learn from Setbacks
■ We all have setbacks
■ Being authentic, sometimes
vulnerable
■ Setbacks take us to our growth
edge
■ What is the lesson here? What do
I need to learn?
Growth Mindset
Resilience
8. Foster Creativity
Creativity - Brainstorm
Me/Judgement Centers
Executive Center
Reward Center
Default Network
Vision Centers
Memory Centers
Association Centers
Creative
Carson, 2014
Stretch outside comfort zone
9. Catalyze insights
People are generally
better persuaded
by the reasons which
they have themselves
discovered, than by
those which have come
into the mind of others. Pascal’s Pensees, 17th
century
Get out of sales and into fishing
Robert Rhode, 2007
10. Set Behavioral Goals & Accountability
Moore, Tschannen-Moran: Coaching Psychology Manual. LWW. 2009
What insights did you have today?
One’s own self is well hidden
from one’s own self…
Of all mines of treasure, one’s
own is the last to be dug up.
Friedrich Nietzsche
55
Coaching is a Treasure Hunt
Takeaways: Ten Coaching Tips
1. Be an inspiring role model
2. Be present
3. Share positive emotions
4. Improve self-compassion
5. Elicit motivation
6. Increase confidence
7. Learn from setbacks
8. Foster creativity
9. Catalyze insights
10. Set a behavioral goal
Coaching Culinary Wellness
Margaret Moore, MBA, aka Coach Meg
Institute of Coaching
Harvard University Extension School
Wellcoaches Corporation
National Consortium for Credentialing Health & Wellness
Coaches
