Cognitive \ Behavioural

Differential Reinforcement

At times it is necessary to utilize both approaches to reinforcement.

To establish an adaptive behaviour that has longevity and generalizability, it may be necessary to positively reinforce the adaptive behaviour and attempt to weaken the old maladaptive behaviour.

Cognitive \ Behavioural

Differential Reinforcement of Incompatible Behaviour

Strengthening a behaviour that is incompatible with the maladaptive behaviour

Fair pair

A situation where the maladaptive behaviour cannot be engaged in at the same time as the adaptive behaviourEg. Reinforce cooperative interaction with peers reduces the occurrence of conflictive interactions.

Cognitive \ Behavioural

Differential Reinforcement of Alternative Behaviour

You can weaken a maladaptive behaviour by strengthening an adaptive alternative behaviour

The adaptive behaviour must compete with the maladaptive behaviour

It is possible to engage in both maladaptive and adaptive behaviours at the same time. (Alternative)Eg. Expressing your feelings in words when teased instead of fighting.

Cognitive \ Behavioural

Strategies for alternative & incompatible reinforcementUse a behaviour that is present in the client’s repertoire already.

Use a behaviour that is likely to be maintained by natural consequence. Supported naturally in the environment

If the behaviour is not already present in the client

use shaping.If maladaptive behaviour is not reduced you may have touse punishment as long as you remember to differentially reward the adaptive behaviour you are shaping

Cognitive \ Behavioural

Differential Reinforcement of the Omission of Behaviour

Reinforcing a client for not engaging in the behaviour

Types

Momentary Client does not engage in maladaptive

behaviour at the time of observation

Whole intervalClient does not engage in maladaptive

behaviour during a certain time period