COLD WAR TIMELINE Slide 2 The Berlin Blockade 1945- 1949 Slide 3
Background Information WW2 ended in August 1945, in Japan, with the
bombing of Hiroshima WW2 ended in August 1945, in Japan, with the
bombing of Hiroshima Slide 4 The 4 allied forces had to decide what
to do with Germany The 4 allied forces had to decide what to do
with Germany Britain, Britain, USA USA Russia Russia France France
Slide 5 Soviet Union- Russia Great Britain USA France Slide 6 As
soon as the 4 zones were established each Ally power began
establishing their own rules going against this policy As soon as
the 4 zones were established each Ally power began establishing
their own rules going against this policy Berlin, Germanys capitol,
was situated in the Soviet Union zone Berlin, Germanys capitol, was
situated in the Soviet Union zone It was granted separate status,
and was divided into 4 zones again for each Allie power It was
granted separate status, and was divided into 4 zones again for
each Allie power Slide 7 Berlin- 1945 Slide 8 There began to be
disagreements between the Allies as to what their mission was in
Germany There began to be disagreements between the Allies as to
what their mission was in Germany How did The West respond? How did
The West respond? Page 891 Marshal Plan Page 891 Marshal Plan Slide
9 Soviet Union began putting restrictions on traffic to Berlin from
Western Zones (March 30, 1948) Soviet Union began putting
restrictions on traffic to Berlin from Western Zones (March 30,
1948) Slide 10 The US had to figure out the intentions of the
Soviets The US had to figure out the intentions of the Soviets
Before they could do this, West Berlin was running out of food and
supplies Before they could do this, West Berlin was running out of
food and supplies The Western zones had no way of getting these
supplies to their people, except by air The Western zones had no
way of getting these supplies to their people, except by air The
airlift began on June 26, 1948, delivering food and fuel to West
Berlin The airlift began on June 26, 1948, delivering food and fuel
to West Berlin The airlifts continued until Sept. 1948 The airlifts
continued until Sept. 1948 Slide 11 Slide 12
http://www.youtube.com/watch ?v=-FNXegtQYhE
http://www.youtube.com/watch ?v=-FNXegtQYhE Slide 13 March 1949-
they entered negotiations with USA, UK and France to lift the
blockade. Results were a 3 point plan; March 1949- they entered
negotiations with USA, UK and France to lift the blockade. Results
were a 3 point plan; Restriction on communications, transportation
and trade between Berlin and Western zones will be removed May 9,
1949 Restrictions the Western zones imposed will be removed May 9,
1949 On May 23, 1949, the 4 powers will meet in Paris to discuss
questions surrounding Germany and the currency Slide 14 NATO The
North Atlantic Treaty Organization The North Atlantic Treaty
Organization Slide 15 North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)
Military or defense alliance formed in 1949 by 12 countries in
Western Europe and North America Military or defense alliance
formed in 1949 by 12 countries in Western Europe and North America
Original purpose to protect its members from a possible attack from
the Soviet Union (Containment) Original purpose to protect its
members from a possible attack from the Soviet Union (Containment)
First peacetime alliance in U.S. history First peacetime alliance
in U.S. history An alliance of nations with shared values. All
members are DEMOCRACIES An alliance of nations with shared values.
All members are DEMOCRACIES Slide 16 NATO Treaty Article 5 The
Parties agree that an armed attack against one or more of them in
Europe or North America shall be considered an attack against them
all The Parties agree that an armed attack against one or more of
them in Europe or North America shall be considered an attack
against them all No NATO member was ever attacked during the Cold
War it never had to use its military forces No NATO member was ever
attacked during the Cold War it never had to use its military
forces Slide 17 Who is in NATO? 1949 12 Original Members 1949 12
Original Members U.S.CanadaBritain FranceIcelandPortugal
BelgiumNetherlandsLuxembourg 1952 A Little Farther from the North
Atlantic (Demonstration of Truman Doctrine) 1952 A Little Farther
from the North Atlantic (Demonstration of Truman Doctrine)
GreeceTurkey 1954 A New Democracy 1954 A New Democracy Germany 1982
Death of Fascist Dictator Franco 1982 Death of Fascist Dictator
Franco Spain Slide 18 The NATO Alliance Slide 19 o In 1950,
Communist North Korea, supported by Communist China invaded South
Korea. o The US supported South Korea against this Communist
aggression. o Under American influence the Security Council of the
United Nations condemned the attack by North Korea and called on UN
members to render every assistance to South Korea. Slide 20 Slide
21 o At first UN troops fought only North Korea (who were armed by
the Soviets. o The UN forces had to fight a massive Chinese army
that entered the war to support the North Koreans. o However,
neither side was able to defeat one another. o The war, much like
the first World War, settled into a war of limited movement. o When
the war ended the Koreans were divided in much the same way they
had been before the war. Slide 22 Slide 23 Demilitarized Zone Area
between South & North Slide 24 http://www.youtube.com/watch
?v=-X7nbwFxGRU http://www.youtube.com/watch ?v=-X7nbwFxGRU Slide 25
First Hydrogen bomb: 1952 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R6e0_
6laRCA http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R6e0_ 6laRCA
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R6e0_ 6laRCA
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R6e0_ 6laRCA Slide 26 The Warsaw
Pact 1955 - The Soviet response to the creation of NATO 1955 - The
Soviet response to the creation of NATO Consisted of the Soviet
Union and its six satellite countries in Eastern Europe Consisted
of the Soviet Union and its six satellite countries in Eastern
Europe East Germany Poland Hungary Czechoslovakia Bulgaria Romania
The Warsaw Pact no longer exists The Warsaw Pact no longer exists
Slide 27 1956 - Soviet union Suppresses Hungarian Revolt Following
nearly two weeks of protest and political instability in Hungary,
Soviet tanks and troops viciously crush the protests. Thousands
were killed and wounded, and nearly a quarter-million Hungarians
fled the country. Following nearly two weeks of protest and
political instability in Hungary, Soviet tanks and troops viciously
crush the protests. Thousands were killed and wounded, and nearly a
quarter-million Hungarians fled the country. Slide 28 Slide 29 1957
Sputnik http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qvPzU AeWZZY
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qvPzU AeWZZY
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qvPzU AeWZZY
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qvPzU AeWZZY Slide 30 Berlin was a
massive problem for East Germany. It was an escape route through to
the West. Between 1945 and 1961 nearly one-sixth of the East German
population had fled to the West. The new leader of the USSR,
Khrushchev, like Stalin, wanted the West out of Berlin. Both sides
accused the other of spying (which was entirely accurate!) and the
Soviets continued to see Western influence in Berlin as dangerous
and troublesome. Slide 31 Containing the East Berliners the Wall In
August 1961 Berliners awoke to find their city divided in half. The
construction of the Berlin Wall had begun. East German guards
patrolled the wall and shot anyone trying to escape over it. Slide
32 What effect did the wall have? Graph showing the number of
defectors to the West. What do you notice about the number of
defectors after 1961? What does this tell you about the success of
the Berlin Wall? Slide 33 The building of the wall was at once a
sign of failure and success. It was a sign that there would be no
settlement of the problem of divided Germany But it also reduced
the possibilities of future crises in Berlin. The wall contributed
to peaceful co-existence Peter Lane, 1985. Slide 34 Slide 35 Bay of
Pigs Invasion, Berlin Crisis, and Cuban Missile Crisis 1961-62
Slide 36 Slide 37 Kennedy took responsibility for the missions
failure. The President said, however, that he would continue to
resist efforts by the communists to control other countries in
Western Hemisphere. Started with Eisenhower and followed with
Kennedy. Conceived by the CIA to overthrow Fidel Castro, the
invasion involved Cuban exiles who had fled Castros rule and
settled in the United States. The Bay of Pigs mission failed. The
Bay of Pigs Invasion Slide 38 Bay of Pigs Invasion The Failed
Invasion Information was leaked early- New York Times Air strikes
failed. Castro prepared for a land attack. Invaders were captured
and ransomed back to United States for $52 million in food and aid.
Strengthened Castros ties to the Soviet Union Slide 39 In 1962,
American intelligence agencies photographed Soviet nuclear missile
installations in Cuba. Cuban Missile Crisis Slide 40 Slide 41 The
missiles at these Cuban sites threatened major cities in the United
States. Slide 42 The Cuban Missile Crisis Khrushchev agreed to
dismantle the missiles if the United States pledged to never invade
Cuba. Both Kennedy and Khrushchev took steps to ease tensions
between their countries. They set up a hotline to allow direct
communication during times of crisis. The Limited Nuclear Test Ban
Treaty was signed, ending atmospheric and underwater testing of
nuclear weapons. Managing the Crisis Kennedy assembled a group of
advisors, known as the ExComm, to help him plan a response. ExComm
military members favored an air strike, perhaps followed by a land
invasion of Cuba. Others argued for a naval blockade. Kennedy
agreed with this plan. The world watched as Soviet ships carrying
missile parts approached the naval blockade. They turned back.
Effects of the Crisis Slide 43 In PublicBehind the Scenes In a
television address, Kennedy blamed Khrushchev for reckless action
that threatened world peace. Kennedy initiated a U.S. naval
blockade of Cuba. Kennedy told the Soviets that the United States
would remove U.S. missiles from Turkey and Italy if the Soviets
removed their missiles from Cuba. To resolve the Cuban missile
crisis, Kennedy worked Slide 44 After six tense days, the Soviets
backed off. Nikita Khrushchev agreed to honor the blockade and
removed the missiles. The crisis prompted the two leaders to
establish a period of cooperation. They set up a hot line between
Washington, D.C. and Moscow to improve communication. Slide 45
Conflict Between France & Vietnam The Vietnam War grew out of
the long conflict between France and Vietnam. The Vietnam War grew
out of the long conflict between France and Vietnam. In July 1954,
after one hundred years of colonial rule a defeated France was
forced to leave Vietnam. Slide 46 The Geneva Peace Accords The
Geneva Peace Accords, signed by France and Vietnam in the summer of
1954, provided for the temporary partition of Vietnam at the 17th
parallel, The Geneva Peace Accords, signed by France and Vietnam in
the summer of 1954, provided for the temporary partition of Vietnam
at the 17th parallel, In the North, a communist regime, supported
by the Soviet Union and the People's Republic of China, set up its
headquarters in Hanoi under the leadership of Ho Chi Minh. In the
North, a communist regime, supported by the Soviet Union and the
People's Republic of China, set up its headquarters in Hanoi under
the leadership of Ho Chi Minh. Slide 47 The Vietnam war occurred in
Vietnam. Laos and Cambodia during 1959 and 30 april1975. the war
started when communist north Vietnam tried to take over the
republic of south Vietnam. It was the longest war America ad ever
fought in and it lasted 15 years. North Vietnam wanted to take over
South Vietnam. If they succeeded then itll be likely that Laos and
Cambodia will turn Communist. Laos and Cambodia mightve turned
Communist because they are so vulnerable Slide 48 FOR:- American
troops in Vietnam had vastly superior weapons than the Vietcong.
American soldiers had machine guns and were supported by tanks and
helicopters. They had napalm which was a type of petroleum jelly
which burns the skin. The Americans used this to burn down all of
the jungles and see where the guerrillas were hiding. Against:-
America couldn't find the guerrillas because they were really good
at blending inn with everyone. The Americans couldnt tell if they
guerrillas were normally civilians. They were always ready to
ambush them. Also the people in south Vietnam would not tell the
American troops were the guerrillas were hiding. Slide 49 Deaths
During the War Slide 50 August 1, 1975 The Helsinki Accords,
Helsinki Final Act, or Helsinki Declaration was the final act of
the Conference on Security and Co-operation in Europe held in
Finlandia Hall of Helsinki, Finland. Thirty-five states, including
the USA, Canada, and most European states except Albania, signed
the declaration in an attempt to improve relations between the
Communist bloc and the West. The Helsinki Accords, however, were
not binding as they did not have treaty status.Conference on
Security and Co-operation in EuropeFinlandia HallHelsinkiFinlandUSA
CanadaEuropean statesAlbania Communist bloc Slide 51 Berlin Wall
falling down 1989 https://www.youtube.co m/watch?v=zmRPP2WX X0U
Slide 52 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-CvQOuNecy4
