College of Health SciencesCollege of Health SciencesMedical Diagnostic Imaging DepartmentMedical Diagnostic Imaging Department

Seminar to MDISeminar to MDI

Done byDone by : : Munasser dakamMunasser dakam

Jaber hussainJaber hussain Nasser salehNasser saleh

Mohammed AliMohammed Ali Course instructor: Ms weam al shamiCourse instructor: Ms weam al shami

The relationship between bone mineral density (BMD) and subsequent fracture risk.

PURPOSEPURPOSE::

To have report of the relationship To have report of the relationship between bone mineral density between bone mineral density (BMD) and subsequent fracture (BMD) and subsequent fracture riskrisk..

Materials and MethodsMaterials and Methods

11--In the multicenter Study of Osteoporotic In the multicenter Study of Osteoporotic Fractures (SOF), we studied the Fractures (SOF), we studied the relationship of several different BMD relationship of several different BMD measures to fracture risk of multiple measures to fracture risk of multiple types in 9704 non-black women aged 65 types in 9704 non-black women aged 65 and olderand older . .

22--we present results of the relationship of we present results of the relationship of both peripheral and central BMD both peripheral and central BMD measures and fractures of multiple measures and fractures of multiple types during 10.4 and 8.5 years of types during 10.4 and 8.5 years of follow-upfollow-up , ,

ContCont....

OsteoporosisOsteoporosis is a disease of bones is a disease of bones that leads to an increased risk of that leads to an increased risk of fracture. Osteoporosis literally means fracture. Osteoporosis literally means 'porous bones'. The two Greek words 'porous bones'. The two Greek words which make up the term osteoporosis which make up the term osteoporosis are "osteon" which means bone and are "osteon" which means bone and "poros" which means pore.In "poros" which means pore.In osteoporosis the bone mineral osteoporosis the bone mineral density (BMD) is reduceddensity (BMD) is reduced

ContCont .. ..

BMDBMD::

Bone densityBone density (or (or bone mineral bone mineral densitydensity) is a medical term referring ) is a medical term referring to the amount of matter per square to the amount of matter per square centimeter of bones.Bone density (or centimeter of bones.Bone density (or BMDBMD) is used in clinical medicine as ) is used in clinical medicine as an indirect indicator of osteoporosis an indirect indicator of osteoporosis and fracture riskand fracture risk

Falling and the force of impact

This image shows the bones that fracture more often in people with osteoporosis; the ones colored green are the sites of "major osteoporotic fractures": hip, spine, shoulder and forearm.osteoporotic fracture as one associated with low bone mineral density and had an increased incidence with adult age.

BMD and fracture riskBMD and fracture risk

Peripheral BMD was significantly Peripheral BMD was significantly associated with all types of fractures associated with all types of fractures studied except facial fracturesstudied except facial fractures

DEXADEXA

( ( Dual Energy X-ray AbsortiometryDual Energy X-ray Absortiometry ) )imaging is used to assess risk of imaging is used to assess risk of osteoporotic fractureosteoporotic fracture

ResultResult

Our results show that almost all types Our results show that almost all types of fractures have an increased of fractures have an increased incidence in women with low BMD. incidence in women with low BMD. However, hip BMD is somewhat more However, hip BMD is somewhat more strongly related to most of the strongly related to most of the fracture types studied than spine or fracture types studied than spine or peripheral BMD measuresperipheral BMD measures

ConclusionConclusion

Finding effective prevention strategies Finding effective prevention strategies for fractures in older women will for fractures in older women will require additional interventions require additional interventions beside preventions for bone loss, beside preventions for bone loss, such as prevention of falls and other such as prevention of falls and other fracture risk factorsfracture risk factors

REFERENCEREFERENCE11 Wasnich RD, Ross PD, Heilbrun LK, Vogel JM 1985 Prediction of postmenopausal fracture Wasnich RD, Ross PD, Heilbrun LK, Vogel JM 1985 Prediction of postmenopausal fracture risk with use of bone mineral measurements. risk with use of bone mineral measurements. Am J Obstet GynecolAm J Obstet Gynecol 153153:745:745––751751 . .

22 Gardsell P, Johnell O, Nilsson BE 1989 Predicting fractures in women by using forearm Gardsell P, Johnell O, Nilsson BE 1989 Predicting fractures in women by using forearm bone densitometry. bone densitometry. Calcif Tissue IntCalcif Tissue Int 4444:235:235––242242 . .

33 Hui SL, Slemenda CW, Johnston CC Jr 1989 Baseline measurement of bone mass predicts Hui SL, Slemenda CW, Johnston CC Jr 1989 Baseline measurement of bone mass predicts fracture in white women. fracture in white women. Ann Intern MedAnn Intern Med 111111:355:355––361361 . .

44 Jensen GF, Christiansen C, Boesen J, Hegedus V, Transbol I 1983 Relationship between Jensen GF, Christiansen C, Boesen J, Hegedus V, Transbol I 1983 Relationship between bone mineral content and frequency of postmenopausal fractures. bone mineral content and frequency of postmenopausal fractures. Acta Med ScandActa Med Scand 213213:61:61––6363 . .

55 Nguyen T, Sambrook P, Kelly P, Jones G, Lord S, Freund J, Eisman J 1993 Prediction of Nguyen T, Sambrook P, Kelly P, Jones G, Lord S, Freund J, Eisman J 1993 Prediction of osteoporotic fractures by postural instability and bone density. osteoporotic fractures by postural instability and bone density. BMJBMJ 307307:1111:1111––11151115 . .

66 Black DM, Cummings SR, Genant HK, Nevitt MC, Palermo L, Browner W 1992 Axial and Black DM, Cummings SR, Genant HK, Nevitt MC, Palermo L, Browner W 1992 Axial and appendicular bone density predict fractures in older women. appendicular bone density predict fractures in older women. J Bone Miner ResJ Bone Miner Res 77:633:633––638638 . .

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