UNDER the Ft AI DI 13CLAY

Videotex To Disc...Income 'Tax Helper...

Fantasy Game Aid *3...Flowcharting Help...

Disc Index!Prettypriritirig...

Scift wareAnd MUCH 1`4 1:DRET

Tutorial

///,/2/2\\/Z4_:_

L7'Oar ear

oupownim

4Q, 4:ar 42:Jr ir 40Ar 42:Jr &lir 42.,Jr

INUKIDER#l'ILFEi( /04 Lou) ivt“to Pe PAt>t5tr 1.z3

February 1982

tear

Single Copi es *2

12e-ore--7 To f_r ti

the RAINBOW5803 Timber Ridge Drive • Prospect, KY 40059

Editor's Notes...

P RINT 4* g

Those of you who are long-timereaders of the RAINBOW will observethat this issue is fatter than any wehave ever published. That meansthere is more information exclusivelyfor Color Computer owners here thanever before.

There's a reason for it, frankly.You may also observe that there aremore advertisments this month thanever before. First of all, webelieve advertisments can be helpfulto you in expanding/augmenting yourColor Computer system. But, second,the ads help bring you the RAINBOW ata reasonable cost.

Have you priced a good printerlately? If you have, you know thatit is expensive printing the RAINBOWand that paper and labor costsincrease all the time. And, evenwith bulk rate mail, it costs inexcess of 80 cents to prepare, printand mail the RAINBOW to each of you.Without the ads, we would be cutttingcosts by producing smaller issues.And that would mean less information.With the ads, we can bring YOU moreinformation each month.

That's one of the main reasons weask you to patronize our advertisers.And, it is also one of the reasonswe ask you to mention the RAINBOWwhen you do.

But. we will never become anad-heavy publication. We aim atabout 33 percent advertising, whichmeans if we get 100 pages of ads,

(Continued on Page 4

VOL. I NUMBER 8

The Monthly Magazine for Color Computer Users

P I LFEF2 I INJ G I NILOW R

By Wayne A. Diercks

There comes a time in the life ofevery midnight programmer when 4K ofRAM (2343 bytes for CoCo), or even16K (14,631 bytes using POKE 25:NEWin Extended Color Basic) are just notenough for the elaborate application.

You've already compacted yourprogram statements as much aspossbile and you may have unreservedsome of the 200 bytes of stringstorage allocated on power-up by useof the CLEAR statement.

Don't give up yet. There's onemore trick to try -- pilfer somelower memory!

On power-up the computer, being abit greedy, automatically "grabs" thefirst 1536 bytes of Random AccessMemory (RAM) for itself. The top 512bytes from address 1024 to 1535 areused to store and display the

(Continued cm Page 22)

00 Planes 12

3 WIC L

PREPARE FOR TAXTIME. EASILYV

By Lawrence C. Falk

Last month we made sure that yourcheckbook was in balance, and nowwe're ready to take that balancedcheckbook and start work on yourincome tax return for 1981.

TAXTAB will categorize all yourchecks and make it pretty easy to seewhere to put those deductions. Atthe same time, it will also total upall your income so you can tell howmuch money you've made during theyear.

When next month's RAINBOW arrives,there will be a program that plugs inthis month's information to a taxform (1040) so you can do your owntaxes.

In order to make TAXTAB asuniversally useful as possible, we'veset it up so YOUU enter yourinformation as DATA statements,beginning with line 361. You can putin one entry for each line (or anumber of them on a line if you'dlike) through line number 998. Ifyou need more lines, (you also need aCPA) you can move line 999 to 1999and use the additional space.

Obviously, you can change theinput structure and save the data totape or disc. We're leaving it as aDATA statement program to insurespeed. -

Data lines are structured intothree .strings and one numericvariable. The first string, R$,tells what sort of an entry you aremaking, Income or Expense. Thesecond string, TT$, refers to theTYPE of entry -- Interest Income,MDs, Local Taxes, etcetera. Refer tolines 82, 91 and 92 for the propercodes.

Next we have IDS, which is anactual description of the item. Thismight be "1981 Property Taxes" or thelike. Finally, AM is the dollaramount. A typical input line wouldlook like this:

361 D,MD,Dr. Smith,45

The "D' is for deduction, MD meansphysicians, Dr. Smith is thephysician's name, and 45 is theamount of money paid. If you imbed

commas in these data statements, becertain to enclose that part of thestatement in quotes, because commasare data field terminators.

This program is written with anoptional hard copy printout forthe LP VII. Note the "IF PR"statements before all the PRINT#-2,'s. If you do not have aprinter, you can still key thisprogram in as written and just answer"N" or "NO" to the question ofwhether to use the printer. This isa handy technique to use to alloweither dual or single output.

Finally, since tax information isconfidential, we've added a"password" to this program. If youdon't answer the password correctlyin line 4, the program jumps to line2000 and erases itself. You mightwish to change the password from myfirst name to something else.

To use this program, merely gothrough your checkbook and write aDATA line for each deductible itemand for all the income items youhave. Run it for a printout eitherto the screen or a printer.

You don't have to do all theentering at once, but you will haveto resave the entire program (withthe newly added DATA lines) aftereach session.

The listing:(Continued on Page 5 )

R A I NI Et OPUBLISHED BY FALSOFT5803 Timber Ridge DriveProspect, KY 40059

Lawrence C. Falk -- Editor

The RAINBOW is intended for the personal use and plea-sure of its subscribers and reproduction by any means isforbidden. Use of programs and information herein is forthe single end use of subscribers and any other use isprohibited,

TRS-86, Color Computer and Extended Color Basic aretrademarks of Tandy Corp.

All programs herein are distributed on an 'as is'basis, without warranty.

Subscriptions to the RAINBOW are $12 per year in theUnited States. Canadian and Mexican rates are $16 peryear. Surface mail to other countries is $26, air mailto other countries is $44, due to postage costs aim.

Limited back issues available for $2 each, plus $2.51for shipping and handling.

Payment accepted by cash, check, money order, VISA orMASTERCARD. Please include account number, expirationdate and your signature when using bank cards.

The RAINBOW is published every month of the year.

LETTER S L E T -FE R S L E T -I- E R S L E T T E IRS Page 3

C) Re 1 N1ECrIWRai I NI P.B0 4J -r CD RA I 1'4 Mt CD 1,4

Editor:

I found Jorge Nir's machine tapefinder/saver to be very useful.however, I found some tapes whichreturned a SN ERROR when I tried toRUN the utility.

I discovered a simple way to getaround this: 0.0ADM",11188. Whenthe start, end, entry list shows onthe screen, subtract the offset fromthe end and entry values, reload thetape in question, and CSAVEN withyour newfound values.

II. J. KeyesFranklin, Tenn.

Editor:I subscribe to several computer

publications and there is one thingthat is disturbing to me. Thereseems to be a tendency for experts towrite to other -- to show offtheir skills.

Most Color Computer owners are notmachine language experts and needexplainations of how to actually run some of the programs. I typed ina program from (another publication)and couldn't get past the firstentry. The accompanying articledidn't actually get into using theprogram, but told how the program wasdeveloped. We need more 'what to doif's...'

Toe NeePittsburgh, Pa.

Editor:I have just received my first copy

of the RAINBOW and I as very pleased.I read an article by a Universityprofessor and decided to share someof my experiences with you.

I teach seventh grade biology andme have about 311 students at ourschool. I bought a TRS -88 ColorComputer and 61 students each gave me$5 for membership. The school alsodonated $388. I then contacted aGerald Berg, a computer programmer.He made many useul programs for thestudents and I would like to describetwo of them for the benefit of anyteacher who owns a Color Computer.

The first presents new material to

students in the form of a multiplechoice and will bold 41 questions.There are various responses andscores, depending whether the studentgets the question right or wrong onthe first or a subsequent attempt.The program also keeps a score forthe student.

The second is a grade averagerwhich I find excellent for averagingmy grades. It has the added featureof allowing me to add or subtractnumbers without changing the divisorand tells me the number of grades aswell as the number of extra creditgrades.

The computer programmer who wrotethese can be contacted through TheBerg Works, Box 742, Janesville, WI53547.

Congratulations on a very finemagazine!

Thomas J. VogtClinton, Wis.

Editor:We're interested in getting a

Special Interest Color ComputerUser's group going in the Dallasarea. Would you please ask all ColorComputer users in this area to giveme a call about joining?

I can be reached at (214) 464-6999between B a.m. and 5 p.m. and at(214) 224-4444 at other times.

We'd like to get together formutual benefit and assistance.

R.V. ScottDeSoto, TX

Editor:I just received my first issue of

the RAINBOW and was very impressedwith it. Keep up the good work.

The article by John L. Urban wasvery good. I would like to add thatfor a correct simulation of dicerolling is the combination (sum) ofthe random numbers produced. Forexample, the roll of two six-sided

die would be:A=RND(6)1=RND(6)PRINT A+IThis would give you the correct

odds of rolling certain numbers.Also, the numbers practiced would bebetween 2 and 12, not 1 and 12 if youuse only one RID function.

Joseph A. NasenstaubLakewood, OH

Editor:I really enjoyed the GET and PUT

article.I'■ especially interested in

information on running the CoCo at1.8 mhz. It looks like the hardwaredesign can't handle it, except byluck.NY standard 16K Extended Basic

machine can run programs, but willlot perform the I/0. I installed 2.1mhz 6821's, but could input only fora while with a fan cooling the 6989.As soon as the 6889 got warm, I wasback where I was. I then bought a2.8 mhz 6939 and then nothing workedat 1.8 mhz. It looks like the busesneed buffers.

Richard KrankoskiElk Grove Village, IL

Editor:One great interest I have is

finding the POKE to reverse thelower-case blocks. I realize that

the final answer was given by aDennis Kitsz in 80-Microcomputing,but I as hoping that someone willcome out with a complete system to go81 columns or 64 columns for wordprocessing.

William SanfordJuneau, AK

TEXT EDITORThis program Is a line/character oriented text editor for thecolor computer, that will enable you to create and edit textfiles for Basic programs, letters, taxt data files, or almostanything you might want to put on paper. It features functionsfor adding, inserting, deleting, moving and copying text linesor paragraphs; powerful string search and replace com-mands, single and automatic line numbers and line editingwith 9 sub commands to insert, delete, change, add andremove individual or mutiple characters. Tape commandsallow you to save, load, append, and skip tape files; also it iscompatible with Basic ASCII tape formats. A MUST HAVEPROGRAM!!

ONLY S19.95

SYSTEM MONITOR(TRSMON)

Ira mon is a 2k system monitor program that will allow you toexplore the workings of the color computer. II features 9debuging comands, tape load and save compatible with Basic"CLOADM", up/down load via RS232 port, terminal packagethat allows the color computerto be used as a teminal at baudrates up to 9600 baud and a printer driver to direct displayoutput to the printer for memory dumps, disassemblys etc.The program is position Independent so it can be movedanywhere within the system memory. A very powerful tool at avery reasonable price.

ONLY S19.95

Page 4

' 0-2 Fro. Pg. I Fb 7:3 rE o rJRC)CEC)IR

we'll print another 200 pages ofcopy. Enough said.

You may also notice this columnhas a new title. Well, we think itsbetter than just "Editor's Notes."And, you may also notice there are nomore spaces between paragraphs --because we would rather fill thatspace with information than withspace.

We are giving thought to listingout programs in a type size similarto that of our letters column. Weknow it will make it somewhat moredifficult to read, but, again, itwould mean more information. Wewelcome your input. As you know, alllistings are set to the 32—characterColor Computer screen size. To makeit easier to check your typing.

And to the many who join us thismonth for the first time, greetings.We appreciate your willingness towait but we can't "start" asubscription when we get an order(who does?) because of the high costof mailing individual copies. If youwant back issues, we do have alimited supply of Nos. 1-5. No

Last month our feature story wason four word processing programs. Wepromised at the time to keep you upto date on them.

Both C.C. WRITER by TransformationTechnologies and WORD PROCESSOR/TEXTEDITOR by John Waclo have now beenconverted for use by the CoCo disc.Disc versions of both programs havebeen received by the RAINBOW thismonth and both have been checked out.Both work well.We also understand that

TELEWRITER's disc version is in itsfinal stages of testing.

copies of No. 7 are available, andonly a few of No. 6.

We also encourage you all to tellyour friends and local computerstores about us. The more copies wesell, the lower our per—copy cost.And the more money we will have tospend on editorial content.We want to be the best

computer magazine you receive. Wewelcome your input, contributions andsuggestions.

CO-RESIDENT EDITOR/ASSEMBLER(CORES9)

CORES9 is a complete full function editor/assembler package that will allow you to create,edit and assemble 6809 machine language programs for the color computer. It features apowerful full function text editor and supports the entire 6809 instruction set with alladdressing modes, forward and reverse labia references, will output object code directly tomemory or "COMM" compatible tapes and much more. Price S39.95

5566 RICOCHET AVE.Las Vegas, Nv. 89110

CER-COMP(702) 452-0632

All Orders Shipped From StockAdd $1.00 Postage-MC/VISA Add 3%

TAX Am* Pg. 2

O '*********TAxTAp**********1 '*** (c) FALSOFT 1982*****2 '3 CLS:PRINT:PRINT:PRINT4 PRINT " THIS IS AN INCOME TAX LIST PROGRAM. TO GAIN ENTRYTO IT, YOU MUST ENTER AN ACCESS CODE. PLEASE ENTER THE CODE AT THE QUESTION MARK."5 PRINT:INPUT " <ENTER)•CODE HERE";CD$:IF CD$O'LONNIE" THEN 2000

10 CLS20 REM TRS-80 LOCATOR30 REM ***DATA INITIALIZATION**35 PRINT:INPUT" DO YOU WANT YOUR OUTPUT TO GO TO THE PRINTER";GF$:IF LEFTS(GF$,1)="Y" THEN PR=1:CLS40 M=100050 PRINT:INPUT "SHALL I PRINT ALL ENTRIES (Y/N)";A$60 PRINT70 IF A$="Y" THEN 360072 CLS: PRINTi964,"DO YOU WISH. ..":PRINT

73 PRINT' 1—INCOME TABLES"74 PRINT' 2—DEDUCTION TABLES"75 PRINT" 3—TAX SUMMARY":PRINT"

4—END PROGRAM":PRINT76 INPUT " <ENTER .> APPROPRIATENUMPER";Z77 IF Z=3 GOTO 299978 IF Z=4 THEN END79 IF Z=2 GOT090BO CLS:PRINT:PRINTaB,"INCOME SELECTOR":PRINT82 PRINT"(W) WAGES"1,"(II) INTEREST INCOME",*(D) DIVIDENDS",,"(OI) OTHER INCOMER:PRINT84 INPUT " <ENTER) APPROPRIATE CODE";X$65 GOT010090 CLS:PRINT:PRINT136,"DEDUCTIONSELECTOR":PRINT91 PRINT "(MD) DOCTORS",,"(M) MEDICINE AND DRUGS","(MI) MEDICALINSURANCE","(ST) STATE TAXES PA

ID","(LT) LOCAL TAXES PAID","(RE) REAL ESTATE TAXES","(BT) SALESTAXES PAID"92 PRINT "(PT) PERSONAL PROPERTYTAX","(HI) MORTGAGE INTEREST',"(CI) CHARGE AND CREDIT INTEREST","(AI) AUTOMOBILE INTEREST'93 PRINT"(nf) NEXT FRAME FOR MDRE INFO: ,

94 INPUT " <ENTER> SELECTION";X$:IF X$="" OR X$="NF" THEN 95 ELSE 10095 CLS:PRINTQ5,"MORE DEDUCTION SELECTOR":PRINT:PRINT"(CC) CASH C

Page 5

ONTRIBUTIONS",'(NC) NON—CASH CONTRIBUTIONS",*(TF) CASUALTY & THEFT LOSS","(EB) EMPLOYEE BUSINESSEXPENSE',"(MS) MISCELLANEOUS DE

DUCTIONS"96 PRINT"(RP) RETURN TO PREVIOUS',"(RM) RETURN TO MASTER FRAME"97 PRINT:INPUT " <ENTER) SELECTION";X$98 IF X$="RP" THEN 9099 IF X$="RM" THEN 72100 CLS:PRINT101 IF PR THEN PRINTO-2,CHR$(31)IG0T0102 ELSE 122102 IF X$="W" THEN PRINTO-2,"

WAGES'103 IF X$="1I" THEN PRINTO-2,"INTEREST INCOME"

104 IF X$="D" THEN PRINT -#-2,"DIVIDENDS"

105 IF X$="01" THEN PRINTO-2,"OTHER INCOME"106 IF X$="MD" THEN PRINTO-2,'

DOCTORS"107 IF X$="M" THEN PRINTO-2," MEDICINE & DRUGS"we IF X$="MI" THEN PRINTO-2," MEDICAL INSURANCE"109 IF X$="ST" THEN PRINTO-2,"STATE TAX PAID"110 IF X$="LT" THEN PRINT#-2,"LOCAL TAX PAID"111 IF X$="RE" THEN PRINTO-2,"REAL ESTATE TAXES PAID"112 IF X$="BT" THEN PRINT#-2,"SALES TAXES PAID"113 IF X$="PT" THEN PRINT#-2,"PERSONAL PROPERTY TAX PAID"114 IF X$="HI" THEN PRINTO-2,"

MORTGAGE INTEREST"115 IF X$="CI" THEN PRINTO-2,"CHARGE AND CREDIT INTEREST"116 IF X$="AI" THEN PRINTO -2,"AUTOMOBILE INTEREST"

117 IF X$="CC" THEN PRINT#-2,"CASH CONTRIBUTIONS"

118 IF X$="NC" THEN PRINTO -2,"NON—CASH CONTRIBUTIONS"119 IF X$="TF" THEN PRINTO-2,"THEFT AND CASUALTY LOSSES"120 IF X$="EB" THEN PRINTO-2,'EMPLOYEE BUSINESS EXPENSES"121 IF X$="MS" THEN PRINTO-2,"MISCELLANEOUS DEDUCTIONS"122 PRINT:IF PR THEN PRINT#-2,CHR$(30)""130 PRINT140 PRINT"TYPE';TAB(7)"DESCRIPTION";TAB(24)"AMOUNT":IF PR THEN PRINTO-2,"DESCRIPTION";TAE(37)"AMOUNT"150 REM

(Continued an Page 6 1

Page 6TAX Pro' Pg. 5

160 PRINT*====";TAP(7)" :TAB(24)"====N:IF PR THEN PRINT#-2, " ";TAP(37)"

:PRINT#-2,""180 REM **PROCESSING AREA**190 FOR 1=1 TO M200 READ R$210 IF R$="END" THEN 320220 READ TT$,ID$,AM230 IF A$C.- "Y" THEN 260245 PR1NTTT$;TAB(3)ID$;TAP(21)AM:LN=LN+1:IF PR THEN PRINT#-2,TT$:TAB(5)ID$;:PRINT#-2,TAP(37);:PR1NT#-2,USING"$###,###.##";AM247 AT=AM+AT260 IF TT$C, X$ THEN 310270 S=S+1280 IF S=1 THEN 300290 TT$=" *300 PRINTTTS:TAF(3)1D$:TAB(21)AM:LN=LN+1:IF PR THEN PRINT#-2,ID$::PRINT40-2,TAF(32)::PRINT#-2,USING"$###,###.##";AM305 AT=AM+AT310 IF PR=0 AND LN=12 THEN PRINT" PRESS <ENTER) TO CONTINUE*:I

NPUTZ$:LN=0:CLS:GOT0140 ELSE GOT0315315 NEXT I3:0 REM ***TERMINATION***

330 PRINT:IF PR THEN PRINT #-2,*

335 PRINT " TOTAL --- .>":TAB(20)AT:IF PR THEN PRINT#-2,CHR$(31)" TOTAL"CHR$(30)::PRINT#-2,TAB(25);:PRINT41 -21USING"$###,###.##":AT337 PRINT STRING$(32,**")::IF PRTHEN PRINT#-2,STRING$(80,"-*)

339 IF PR THEN PRINT#-2,"340 INPUT* PRESS , ENTER';. TO CONTINUENIZ$:CD$="LONNIE":CLS:RUN30360 REM ***DATA ENTRIES FOLLOW**999 DATA END2000 PRINT:PRINT:PRINT2001 CLS:PRINT:PRINT:PRINT:PRINTTAP(13)" 7 ";CD$;" 1 ":PRINT " ISnot THE PROPER CODE":PRINT:PRIN

T THE PROGRAM HAS BEEN ERASED FROM COMPUTER MEMORY.":NEW2999 CLS:PRINT:PRINTTAB(11)"TAXSUMMARY":IF PR THEN PRINT#-2,CHR$(31)TAB(14)"TAX SUMMARY"CHR$(30):PRINT# -2,*"3000 FOR Q=1 TO 1000:READ R$3005 IF RWEND" THEN 30503010 IF R$="IN THEN 35003020 READ TT$,ID$,AM3030 OD=DD+AM3040 NEXT Q3050 PRINT"TOTAL DEDUCTIONS:":TAE(22)DD:IF PR THEN PRINT #-2,"TO

(Continued on Page B )

c II reThe ULTIMATE Cenlinr Computer Smart Terminal Fragram

LOOK AT THESE FEATURES:

1. FULL ONLINE AND OFFLINE SCROLLING, 1 OR 12 LINES AT A TIME.2. SELECTABLE BAUD RATE (300, 600, 1200) AND PARITY. FULL OR HALF DUPLEX,

TOO'3. OUTPUTS ALL OR ANY PART OF RECEIVED TEXT TO PRINTER OR CASSETTE.4. SUPPORTS ANY SERIAL PRINTER.5. BUFFER AUTOMATICALLY OPENED ON START CHARACTER (12 HEX).6. BUFFER AUTOMATICALLY CLOSED ON STOP CHARACTER (14 HEX).7. READ MULTIPLE DOWNLOAD FILES FROM TRANSMISSION.8. WORD MODE ELIMINATES SPLIT WORDS.

TO ORDER YOUR ROM-PAK, SEND CHECK OR H.O. FOR $49.95 TO CC)NINI E C I CON-80, BOB ROM,93-15 86 DRIVE, WOODHAVEN, NY 11421. OR, YOU CAN CALL IN YOUR ORDER TO OUR EIS AT (212) 441-3755.

CONNECTION-80OF WOODHAVENBOB ROSEN

93-15 B6 DRIVEWOODHAVEN, NY 1 1 421

MO( OUI OUR 01.1)R EIS AT (212) 441-3755 24 MRS EVERY DAY

C)11111IPUTERWAREiv■Arr products for

SOFTWAREColor Invaders ■ Color Pac Attack • Monitor •

Adventure Games • Text Editors • Assemblers •PASCAL • Magikube • Finance Programs ■ ColorData Organizer • Graphic Games • Disassembler

HARDWARE32 K RAM Expansion Board • 16 K RAM Set ■

Cables • Interfaces • Power Pack ROM Cartridge• Printers

ACCESSORIESBooks • Cassettes • Supplies • Service Manuals

Shipping from stock

Call or Write:

‘411"COIVIPLITERWARE ®"Dept C • Box 668

6809 Specialists Encinitas, CA 92024 • (714) 436-3512Computerware is a trademark of Computerware.

Page 7

Software Review

!GATOR Z ()INIE

Paae 8

Where else but up East in theheart of Preppyland could there be agame that lets you get back at allthe alligator people?

From IMB (P.O. Box 289,Williamstown, MA, 01267, $18.95)comes GATOR ZONE, where you can dobattle against IZOD—lookingalligators before they eat up yourshirts.

As always with IMB, the graphicsare sensational. This one takesplace on a 3D—looking landscape withmountains in the background. Thegators scuttle across a GATOR ZONElooking for shirts to eat, and youhave to blast them before they do.

The shirts appear at random, andyou get a little advance warning with

C. C. WriterWord Processing for the TRS-901 Color Computer 3

Features Page Formatting, Block Moves, Tabs, Sentence De-letion and Insertion, Global Search and Replace, Centering,Indenting, Page Pause, ASCII Cade Transmission, Justifi-cation, Scrolling Review, Keyboard Stops, and File Chaining.16-32K cassette-135. 32X Disk-SID (Shipping late Feb.)

NEW! --> Check Rec PlusReconciles your Checkbook AND allows you to keep MemoEntries of cash and credit card expenses without affectingyour Checkbook balance. The History Files may be Listed andTotaled by 'rime or Expense Category for Budgeting or TaxPreparation. On screen Trial Balancing and printed TrialBalances, Audit Trails, and Summaries (REWIRES PRINTER).Current balance is displayed an the Screen Menu and Reports.Save yourself frustration and perhaps some looney too,

--> Prices until April 15th: <--161( Version-I25, 32K with extensive prompts-$30

16-32K Disk System with Prompts-S35All versions include System Binder, Cassettes or Disk withstorage pockets, and documentation. (Shipping late Feb.)

For information or orders write:

TransTek BSC 2-3194 Lockwood

Bloomingdale, IL 60108t TRS-SD is a Trademark of Tandy Corporation

a "shirt alert!" Then, its up to youto get the gator before the gatorgets the shirt'

If this all sounds a little silly,I suppose it is. But GATOR ZONE isa blast to play. The only one aroundhere who doesn't like it is our"veddy preppy" 13—year—old who -- asthose of the age will -- cannot seethe humor in it all. If you're tiredof alligator shirts, penny loafers,Mummy and Muffy, GATOR ZONE will doyou a world of good. And, if yournickname happens to be Muffy,this game is different enough for youto enjoy it.

Button down your collar...grabyour joystick...and head for theGATOR ZONE. You'll be pleased.

TAX Fros Pg. 6

TAL DEDUCTIONS:"::PRINT#-2,TAB(32)::PRINTS1-2,USING"$###,###.##";DD3500 IF R$="END" THEN 35303505 READ TT$,ID$,AM3510 HH=HH+AM3520 GOTO 30403530 PRINT"TOTAL INCOME1":TAP(22)HH:IF PR THEN PRINT #-2,"TOTALINCOME:";:PRINT#-2,TAB(32);:PRINT#-2,USING"$### $ ###.#14":HH3540 VV=HH—DD3550 PRINTTAB(23)" ":IF PR THEN PRINT #-2,TAB(32)°

3560 PRINT "ADJ. GROSS INCOME":TAB(22)VV:IF PR THEN PRINT #-2,"ADJ. GROSS INCOME";:PRINT#-2,TAB(32)::PRINT41-2,USING"$###,###.##";VV3570 GOT03373600 PRINT:IF PR THENPRINT #-2,"•

3601 PRINT "ALL ENTRIES":IF PR THEN PRINT #-2,CHR$(31)" ALL ENTRIEWCHR,(30):PRINT44-2,"3602 PRINT*TYPE*tTAB(7)"DESCRIPTION"tTAB(24) 1 AMOUNT":IF PR THENPRINT#-2,"TYPE"TAB(5)"DESCRIPTIOWTAB(37)"AMOUNT"3603 PRINT"===="TAB(7)" =="TAB(24)" ":IF PR THEN PRINT#-2,"===="TAB(5)" •TAB(37)" w:PRINT#-2,"'3604 GOT0180

Hardware Review...

CC)MPUTERWARES

By Rick Smith

The 16K to 32K RAM memoryexpansion kit from COMPUTERWARE(Dept. C, Pox 668, Encinitas, CA92024, *84.95) claims to be uniquebecause it requires only a simplesnap-in, solderless installation andit allows full graphics capabilitythroughout the 32K of memory.certainly do not dispute either ofthese contentions, even though theyremain unproven to me -- largely dueto the fault of Radio Shack, notCOMPUTERWARE. And, that in no waydiminishes my favorable impression ofthis upgrade.

The kit, as delivered, contains alogic board with eight 16K RAM chipsand one Quad NOR Gate, a 32Kdiagnostics cassette, a set of clear,well-written instructions and auseless little tool called an OlfaTouch Knife. Throw the knife away oruse it as a letter opener. Keep theboard -- it is first rate and of highquality both in materials andappearance!

Before you do anything, you willneed a Phillips screwdriver, somemasking tape, an IC extractor and agood utility knife. The IC extractoris recommended. Then, after readingthe instructions, the installationcan be performed in an hour --working at a leisurely pace (and I'mno *hardware hacker").

Although no soldering is required,you do have to cut a trace in orderto get the graphics capabilitythroughout the 32K. This should bedone with a good utility knife. Notethat is not necessary in order to getthe additional memory -- and youmight wish to pass. When theinstallation is complete, it all fitsneatly under the RF shield.

There are, however, some problemsthat may be encountered, as they wereby this reviewer. The faults,however, were Radio Shack's, notCOPMPUTERWARE's.

Unless the chip sockets on theCoCo's motherboard are properlyaligned and level and themotherboard is unwarped -- the kitsimply will not snap in. On my 16KExtenmded Color Basic with a serialnumber in the low 13000's, the socketfor the 40-pin SAM chip had a

Pawe9pronounced list to port. My problemwas further complicated by my klutzyremoval with thumb and forefinger ofthe 20-pin flip-flop. This bent someof the pins. On straightening them,one broke off.

All these difficulties were solvedwith the generous assistance of atechnically competent friend (who,incidentally, owns a Computerlandstore). He removed the old 40-pinsocket and soldered in a new one,this time flat on the motherboard.The broken chip was replaced easily.

I then carefully cut the traceitself and, voila!, the kit fit andworked.

If you are one of the very fewunlucky who finds his Color Computermotherboard too warped or its socketstoo tilted to enable installation ofthe COMPUTERWARE kit and can't findhelp to correct the problem,COMPUTERWARE will accept return ofthe kit and refund the purchase pricein full.

Now that the kit is installed andmy system is back up, I am trying tofigure out how to utilize itsexpanded capabilities. The dreadedOM ERROR seems to be a creature ofthe past. The extra graphics memoryisn't accessable through the BASICcommands PCLEAR and PMODE (e.g.,PCLEAR 12, PMODE 3,11), but then itisn't available at all on any otherconversion, as far as I know. Asthese new capabilities are exploredand discovered, I will share themwith you.

In summation, COMPUTERWARE's kitis a good buy which most owners willfind easy to install. This reviewerwould like to state that, despiteinnuendo from Tandy's *MicrocomputerNews," the COMPUTERWARE 16+ kit IScompatible with 1.0 version ofExtended Basic ROM.

DIBAblEtLE THEDREAK KEY?

Here's a *hardware* solution todisabling the BREAK key on your CoCo.

Put a top from Neo-Synepherineover the key. It fits real tight andwill keep fingers from hitting BREAKaccidentally.

Be sure the inside of the top isdry, so no liquid leaks down into thekeyboard -- or who *nose' whattrouble you might have.

MEMORY16K RAM $25.0016-32K Solderless Kit $49.954-32K Solderless Kit $74.95

Page le

Software Review

B I C) R11-1Y -T- HM 8.cMINIS F I EL D

Where was Rainbow ConnectionSoftware when I really needed them?Thinking up ingenious things, nodoubt.

One of the first programs I justhad to have after I got my CoCowas a Biorhythm plotter. Now,don't believe in them, but I thinkthey are really neat and love theway the little markers curve aroundthe screen. Hunting and hunting, Ifinally found one on the DEC-10 atthe University of Louisville.spent three days converting it ...and $200. The reason for the latterwas simple, I needed 16K to run it.

Rainbow Connection's Biorhythmprogram runs in 4K and displays thecharts in full detail on the screen.

There's a printer option but it isn'tnecessary. And, it is as complete aBiorhytm program as I've seen. Also,very easy to use.

As part of the same Twinpack tapeis a game cal led MINEFIELD.. I likeit. In MINEFIELD, the computercreates an unseen minefield and youhave to plot your ship through it.You get a warning when a mine isnear. Frankly, its a lot of fun toplay and requires some logic andpatience. I DID win. Once.

Both of these programs areavailable from Rainbow Connection,3514 6th Place NW, Rochester, MN55901 for $9.95. Both run in 4K!And, frankly, they're an excellentbuy.

ML RabbitProtect your software investment with MLRabbit. Software for the Color Computer is tooexpensive to have only the original tape. MLRabbit can make Backups of any ColorComputer program. No knowledge of theprogram to be copied is required. ML Rabbitdoes all the WORK.

Only $14.95

WORD CC7Word Processing for the Color Computer.WORDCC7 coupled with your ColorComputer & printer turns your machine into atypewriter. Modify and review letters beforeany ink touches paper.

Only $19.95 (Ext. Basic)

TUBE CUBEThe Multi-colored cube invades the ColorComputer. You can even substitute letters ifyour color set is busy. Cube Save feature if youcan't solve it all.

Only $9.95

Ml Res. add 4% Sales tax. Always looking for Great Color Programs. TOP royalties PAID.Dealer inquiries invited.

DSL Computer Products - P.O. Box 1113 - Dearborn, MI 48121 - (313) 582-3408

SWAIM NOuRTAIN sorrwrP.O. SOX 5722FALFIcH, Mc 27650

cRAIR LABEL 16A-KKTENDFD BASIC-- 17.95_ ALIgAis THE IwFa TO PLACE LOTTIRS AND PRIMICW.P ANYWHEREON A CRANKS SCREEN. CAN HE It;ED TO LABEL HIGH RFS-NOTICE CRAMICS. PERMITS NIGH•RES. GAMS WITH TEXTANYWHERE OR THE SCREEN. FULL LIACDT CoNTROL $ WYECURSOR (PIE CHARACTER Run( OR ONE PIXEL WITH new 01-STE0Kr, iv-KAMM:5 INCLUDE FULL ASCII CHARACTER SIT,(5XA DOT MATRIX), SUMCCRIFIS AND SUPERSCRIPTS. ARPUSER REFIRED CHARACTERS. PROGRAM IS CALIABIE Ar.4 A SUR-ROUTINE, OR STAND ALOYF. Kegs WITH ALL TWO COLORGRAPHIC Rums. tovER CASE CHARACTERS WITH DNENDEDS.

InTnnm 16K-EXTENDED BASIC-414.95 FULL •/ATURF TEXT EDITOT WITH PRIER CAP-PE AND LOWORCASE CHARACTERS, RITH UP TO 42 CHARACTERS PET LINEDISTIAYM ON THE SCREEN. ADJLGTABLE TARi,TEXT SEARCHAND RITLArrmENT,BLom MORE, JUSTIFICATION AND PRO-PORTIONAL SPACING WHIT usrz WITH THE LP-YIl.F.D. PILOT -AK OR 16K(ALL BASIC:Si-14.95 IRPLERFIRATION OF PILOT FOR THE coLCR COOPOTM.PEATIRED STANDARD PILOT irsTRocrims WITH AuDrTIONALtrivmsioRs POP THE C.C. MIMES TENT FLITOR AND INTER-MENT IN CHF PACKAGE. C(IPS WITH DEMO PROGRAMS.

rAPT MACHINES)--0.95 A MACHINE LANGUAGE PROGRAM THAT EXECUTES WITH TWICETIlE swim of EXTENDER AOKSIC. INCLUDES LINE DRAWING,SCREBY CLEAR, AND rim sRmiRc ROUTINFs. CAN PE USEDWITH sale OR MACHINE LANGUAGE. LIMES TO INK NACHIRTTO HAKE A 126A64 GRAPHICS DISPLAY WITH OVER 2K FRFxTOR A BASIC FRCGRAM.

sHIPPIMG INCLUDED IN ALL PRICES

Page II

V I I}EQTE x TC DIBC

By Jim & Michael Dudgeon

The following procedure will allowyou to make a disc copy of theVIDEOTEX program. It was developedas a joint effort of my 14-year-oldson, Michael, and myself.

The major difficulty in thisprocedure occurs because the cassetteVIDEOTEX is written to overrun anddestroy many of the low RAM locationsused by BASIC, including locationsHEX 72 and 73, which define the RESET"jump to program" vector.

Thus, the ties to BASIC and theDOS are lost, which prevent the userfrom transferring VIDEOTEX to disc.

This technique relies on theCLOADM offset feature, which willallow you to load VIDEOTEX into theupper part of RAM. Because you dothis, you also replace theinstructions in VIDEOTEX whichredefine the reset pointer vectorwith NOP's (No OPerations in machinelanguage). Then, after savingVIDEOTEX on disc, you will alwaysexecute it at its high memory entrypoint.

The steps below, for a 16K system,preserve entry back into BASIC usingthe reset key (for access such asVIDPRINT from the October issue ofthe RAINBOW):

1. Load VIDEOTEX from cassetteusing CLOADM "VIDEOTEX", 11000

2. Alter the shifted program withthe following POKES: POKE13104,18:POKE 13105,18:POKE13109,18:POKE 13110,18

3. Save VIDEOTEX on disc usingSAVEM "VIDEOTEX",12700, 14850,12728

Note that the SAVEM addresses aredecimal and not hexidecimal as statedin our version of the DOS manual.

4. Execute the program using EXEC12728.

If this procedure is followed,pushing the reset key returns thesystem to BASIC. VIDEOTEX can alwaysbe reentered using EXEC 12728,provided none of its addresses inhigh memory have been disturbed.

A final comment is that for 32Ksystems, more pages of VIDEOTEX arepossible if larger offset values areused to shift the program to the topof the 32K memory space.

PC^LYGC)NAGA I

We've sure received a lot of greatcomments about R. Foulke's POLYGONprogram from the December issue.Some people, in fact, think a certaincomputer manufacturing and marketingcorporation may have adapted it fortheir latest in-store demo of theColor Computer's capabilities.

Ah, well. Oscar Millican sent inthe following program which modifiesPOLYGON a little bit to allow forkeyboard control.

The listing:10 REM POLYGON20 REM BY R. FOULKE - MODIFIED BY

OSCAR MILLICAN21 CLS22 INPUT "RND(N)";N23 INPUT "TIMER":225 PMODE 4,1:PCLS:SCREEN 1,130 PI=3.14159:M=RND(N)35 FOR T=0 TO 2*PI STEP PI/7540 R=COS(M*T)*9545 X1=COS(T)*R+128:Y1=SIN(T)*R+9650 A=T+PI/353 R2=COS(M*A)*9555 X2=COS(A)*R2+128:Y2=SIN(A)*R2+9660 LINE(X1,Y1)-(X2,Y2),PSET70 NEXT T75 FOR T=0 TO Z:NEXT T80 GOTO 25

TELEWRITERProvides your COLOR COMPUTER with:

REAL LOWER CASE CHARACTERS ■ A POWERFUL TEXT FORMATTER51 COLUMN x 24 LINE SCREEN DISPLAY ■ SPECIAL DRIVER FOR EPSON MX-80

ADVANCED CASSETTE HANDLING FEATURES ■ A SOPHISTICATED FULL-SCREEN TEXT EDITORand requires absolutely no hardware modifications

TELEWRITERTelewriter is a powerful wordprocessor designed specifically for theColor Computer. It can handle almostany serious writing job and it isextremely easy to use. It has all theadvanced features you need to create.edit, store, format and print any kindof text. With Telewriter you canquickly produce perfect. finishedcopy for letters, reports, term papers.articles. technical documentation,stories. novels. screenplays.newsletters. It is also a flexible andefficient way to take notes or organizeideas and plans.

51 x 24 DISPLAYThe Color Computer is an incrediblypowerful and versatile computer, butfor text editing it has some majordrawbacks. The small 32 character by16 line screen format shows you toolittle of the text and, comhined with itslack of lower case letters, hears littleresemblance to the way text reallylooks on the page. Reverse video inplace of lowercase just addsconfusion.

Telewriter eliminates theseshortcomings with no hardwaremodifications required. By usingsoftware alone, Telewriter creates anew character set that has real lowerease letters, and puts 24 lines of 51characters on the screen. That's moreon-screen characters than Apple II.Atari or TRS-80 Model Ili. Thai'smore than double the ColorComputer's standard display.

FULL SCREEN EDITORThe Telewriter editor is designed formaximum ease of use. The commandsare single key (or single key pluscontrol key), fast, and easy toremember. There is no need to switchbetween insert modes and deletemodes and cursor movement modes.

You simply type. What you type isinserted into the text at the cursor, Onthe screen. What you see on shescreen is always the current state ofyour text. You can move quicklythrough the text with one key cursormovement in all 4 directions, or pressthe shift key simultaneously for fast.auto-repeat. You can jump to the topor bottom of the text, the beginning orend of a line, move forward orbackward a page at a time, or scrollquickl y rip or down. When you typepast the end of a line. the wordwrapfeature moves you eleanly to the next.

You can copy. move 01. delete ;iny sireblock ref text, search repeatedly forany pattern of theninstantly delete it or replace it withanother. Telewriter gives you a tabkey. tells you how much space youhave left in memory. and warns youwhen the buffer is full.

FORMAT FEATURESWhen it comes time to print out thefinished manuscript, Telewriter letsyou specify: left, right, top. andbottom margins; line spacing and linesper page. These parameters can he setbefore printing or they can hedynamically modified during printingwith simple format codes in the text.

Telewriter v) ill automatically numberpages I if you wants and automaticallycenter lines. It can chain print anynumber of text files from cassettewithout user intervention. You cantell it to .start a new page anywhere inthe text, pause at the bottom of thepage. and set the Baud rate to anyvalue (so you can run your printer attop speed).

You can print all or any part of thetext buffer, abort the piloting at anypoint, and there is a "Typewriter —

feature which allows you to typestraight to your printer. Because

Telewriter lets you output numericcontrol codes directly (either from themenu or during printingt. it wolkswith any printer. There's even aspecial driver for the Epson MX-80that lets you simply select any of its 12fonts and do underlining with a singleunderline character.

CASSETTE HANDLER"Feb:wailer makes cassette as simple touse ,is possible. it will search in theforward direction tit it finds the fit,'valid file, so there's no need to keepretyping a load command when youare lost in your tape. You can save allor any pail of the lest huller, and youcan append pre-existing files to whatyou have in the buffer already. Youcan abort an append or filesearchwithout harming the prog ram or thetext in the buffer.

Telewriterpup fil a r'

terHrl maintain compatibilitywith Coloi Computer disksystems. hut. since it makes usingcassette almost painless, you c a n stillhave a powerful word processorwithout rhout the major - additional cost of ad

AVAILABLE NOWTelewriter sums your Color Computerinto the lowest cost hi-power wordprocessor in the world today. It runsin 16K or 32K t'42K recommendediand is so simple you can he writingwith it almost immediately. It comeswith complete documentation and isfully supported by Cognitec.Telewriter costs $49.95 {Californiaresidents add 6cir tax). To order orrequest more information write:

Cognitec704 Nob Ave.Del Mar, Ca_ 92014

Or call (714) 755-1258 (weekdays.Saturdays, and early morning). Wewill gladly answer your questions.

AP* ri • reit,iefetitrioler•drk lOrAmpit CoMpuler. Ina.. Ala.% a licip.itrell,1.141,11.11111 .4 Al.,'. In, I I11 Jill a leg,terral11.1ermirk fiN 1.."16 (...p MX Pa a regisIrrea IraderriArIL nir

****• SOFTWARE FOR CHILDREN

Circus Adventure-many graphics,non-frustrating,only 10 min.16-kMusic Marvel-learn to play 2 songsno reading,hi-res.graph,16-k ext.Poetry and Silly Sentences- a twoprogram pak of fun reading aids,4k****#*' EACH JUST --- $10.00 send to S.Blyn 227 Hampton GreenStaten Island,New York,10312

•Ilas=■■•

Page 13

The Pipeline takes a slightlydifferent form this issue because ofa slightly unique situation. Forthose of you who read or have heardabout a publication called80-Microcomputing, the news in thepublisher's column this month mayhave been a bit shocking.

Wayne Green, the publisher of80-Micro, led off his monthlydissertation in January with aprediction, quoting only "dealers,"that the Color Computer will soon bephased out by Tandy.

Green added he had not calledanyone in Ft. Worth to ask about thisrumor, simply because he believed hewould just get a denial, anyway. Wemight suggest that even though ajournalist may believe he knows theanswer to a question, its his duty toask it of the most reliable sourceanyway.

The RAINBOW did call Ft. Worth andspoke with Jon Shirley, vicepresident of computer merchandising.Shirley had not seen the story yet,but termed the report "absolutelyridiculous!"

"Wayne is wrong," Shirley said.Shirley also confirmed for the

RAINBOW what we had heardunofficially, the CoCo was the"hottest item for Radio Shack allthrough the Christmas season." ColorComputers, Shirley added, 'sold tothe bare walls. We didn't even haveany left in the warehouse."

It is not the RAINBOW's intentionto go to war with Wayne Green, but wedo feel a few notes might place this'news" item in perspective.

80-Microcomputing has tried veryhard to win a share of the CoCo

market, with little success. Greenhas asked, editorially, for severalmonths for CoCo submissions. Headmits they have not beenforthcoming. He also says fewprograms have been received by hisin-house software marketing firm.

We believe there is a good reasonfor this -- and the reason is notthat CoCo owners are treating thiscomputer as a 'toy," as Greenimplies. Rather, a substantialsupport market has grown up for CoCothrough sources other than Green's.The RAINBOW is but an example. Andthis month, we have more advertisingfor Color Computer products than does80-Micro.

One of the reasons for this issimply -- as our advertising says --we carry more programs andinformation on CoCo than all the'big" computer magazines combined.One of the reasons the

RAINBOW was established in the firstplace was that we were tired ofwading through all the Model I, 11and III, Apple, Atari and so forthprograms in every magazine under thesun, hoping someone would toss us aprogram for "our" computer now andthen. We feel we and ouradvertisers are meeting yourneeds. We're not going to kiss offCoCo, and we don't believe Tandywill, either. From a pure profitstandpoint, that would be a prettysilly thing to do.

Back to what The PIPELINE isfor...

The special investment analysisprogram from Radio Shack is expectedto be available by mid-March. And

(Continued an Page 22 1

CHEAP THRILLS!2 Fast-action machine language arcadegames. 4K minimum system. Joysticksrequired, sold on cassette.

KBRICKAWAY $7.00GAUNTLET 510.00both only $14.00

Britt Monk,CDP-P.O.B. 802-Elyria,OH -44036

Page IA

CHART VIOUR FLOW pagn Go

By Joe E. Bennett

The symbols shown on this page, numbered one to ten, may seem likenothing more than a mass a geometric shapes. But, when you put them in agroup, these symbols may help make you a better programmer.

With proper use, you can plot the course of a program from start tofinish -- and all of the sidesteps and subroutines you may take in between.

Flowcharting may not be the ultimate solution to your programming needs,but it may be one very positive solution to the debugging blues.

To many neophyte programmers and a Of course, flowcharting isn'tfew hard-core hackers, flowcharting needed in all programs. If you'reis a tool of mainframe computer users writing short programs with fewand of not much use to us CoCo branches, don't do it But, if yourpeople. Why waste time putting your programs are medium-length or longer,program on paper with all those silly and you do a lot of branching tosymbols when you could be adding that subroutines, then a flowchart may begreat new algorhythm to your latest just what you need to aid the tediousversion of Star Trek, and debugging chore of debugging and determiningit at the same time? logic flow. Trying to keep up with

all the variables, gosubs and gotoscan be difficult at best.

Some of the advantages toflowcharting are:

-- Standard symbols are readilyunderstood and recognized.

-- Flowcharts can be read bysomeone without programming

To answer this question, we musttake a trip back in time (completewith Rod Serling narrative) to thosemysterious days of yore before therewere microcomputers. In those days,when computer time was measured interms of hundreds of dollars an hour,a programmer had to have his workready to run the first time it was 7entered into the computer. More than90 percent of a programmer's time wasspent debugging a program beforeit ever ran on a computer. Logicflow errors are the hardest todetect, and could cause anything from experience.a minor program slowdown to a full -- Flowcharts can be divided into

system crash. smaller sections. The chart can thenbe examined for overall progress.

-- Flowcharts can be an invaluableaid in tracking program errors.

Many aids exist in<115:-.-- flowcharting, such as templates and

drawing packages.Of course, there are disadvantages

as well. Among them are:-- Flowcharts are difficult to

To help detect the logic flow design and draw.errors, a system was devised to allow

This flowchart.is not easy to debug a

a program to run off-line.system was, as you've probably -- Flowcharts tend to becomeguessed by this time, called cluttered.flowcharting. (Continued on Page 15 )

Nmel5Each flowchart symbol has a

distinct function and meaning. Thereare others, but space will not allowfor explaination of all thevariations. The ones we're dealingwith here should be adequate for mostneeds and enough to get you startedon your own flowcharts.

One way to become familiar withthese symbols and with flowchartingin general is to make a flowchart ofan everyday suitation -- like ourlight turning-on example. Somesuggestions would be cooking aspecific meal, calling a friend,driving to work or getting ready forbed. These may be simple examples,but they should help you becomefamiliar with techniques.

The meanings of the symbols usedin this article are:

1. PROCESS/ANNOTATION - Describesthe process, instructions and/ordata.

2. START/END - Shows thebeginning or end of a program orlogic flow.

3. DISPLAY - Display of thetelevision or CRT.

4. PREPARATION - Initializationor preparation of data.

5. CONNECTOR - Connects sectionsof the flowchart to other pages orother sections of the chart.

6. ARROW

-

Indicates thedirection the program moves.

7. DECISION - Indicates yes/no orif/then questions. A line will tracethe next step on the logic design.

8. AUXILIARY OPERATION

-

Forsubroutines.

9. MANUAL OPERATION - Can be usedto indicate instructions to the user,manual input/output, and so forth.

10. CONNUNICATIONS LINK - Usuallya modem connection.

This should give you some insightto what is involved in flowcharting.Hopefully, it will be a valuable aidto you in program design. With somepractice, you should be able to use aflowchart with a minimum ofconcentration on the techniques ofthe process itself.

FLOWCHARTS FriamIN. A

They only show programorganization.

Flowcharts allow forunstructured programming techniques.

With all of these disadvantages toconsider, why take the time toflowchart?

The answer lies in program logic.If you can think in terms of computerlogic, then this may help yourProgram run smoother, moreefficiently and, perhaps, faster.

Let's take an everyday situationand flowchart it. Turning on a lightis, in itself, a very simple taskrequiring little personal energy andless thought. It can be flowchartedthis way:

S TAR T

END

As you can see from theillustration, we can flowchart manyd.cision programs, as well as manyaspects of logic flow, to produce themain sub-logic flow of any program.

Page 16

ACTION GAMESThe fastest growing producer of computer games for

your 6809 has the products you have waited for!!

*11 ARCADE GAMES FORrle THE COLOR COMPUTER

C cotosw

ftyttlEtttl) Fast paced action • Super Hi-Res Graphics

Dynamite sound effects • Runs in 16K of memoryThese games will astonish you with their Detail and Quality.

They set a standard for others to follow.

- ADVENTURES —Catixto Island • Zile 4,tuturn

Highly acclaimed by reviewers • Challenging situationsFast, efficient machine language • Runs in 16K of memory

Save game in progress

Adventures on 51/4 TSC FLEX disc (specify 6800 or 6809) ea. $24.95Both adventures on single disc $39.95Adventures for color computer ea. $19.95Color Berserk for color computer ea. $24.95Cave Hunter for color computer ea. $24.95

Shipped prepaid in continental U.S. California residents, please add 6% tax.

11■1VISA' — MORE COMING SOON —

MARK DATA PRODUCTS23802 Barquilla, Mission Viejo, CA 92691 • (714) 768-1551

IRS 801S A TRADEMARK OF TANDY CORP.

.10ir 'gat tear sdAr .6hw 'gat- Page 17

INUKVER*Snail Invaders is a RAINBOW exclusive, brought to you through the good

offices of Illustrated Memory Banks (IMP).SNAIL INVADERS is a joint effort of Fred B. Scerbo, vice president and

software author for IMP, and Dale Haggerty, a.k.a. "Snail," a 16-year-oIdstudent at Drury High School in North Adams, MA.

Scerbo writes that "Dale served as the inspiration for "SNAIL INVADERS"and helped out by designing the title card and snail graphics for thegame." The body of the program and working mechanisms were designed byScerbo.

"Dale is very talented in art," Scerbo adds. "Using the Color Computerfor graphics is a new tool for him, and he has proudly displayed this gameto many high school friends who want the chance to play SNAIL INVADERS."

Scerbo also notes you should not try to run the program until you haveentered all the lines. Because it uses a speedup routine, you could hangup the computer and have to switch it off to regain control. If thathappens, you'll lose everything you've typed.

To save, type POKE 65494,0:CSAVE 'SNAIL' <ENTER)No part of this game may be reproduced or adapted for use in other

games or programs. If you wish to use the IMP• screen scoring routine, youmust contact IMP. Fred promises us an article on the routine for a futureissue.

As with all software printed in the RAINBOW, SNAIL INVADERS is providedfor your personal use only. You are authorized to make two (2) tape copiesfor your own use. For information on additional copies or reproductionarrangements, contact IMB at P.O. Box 289, Williamstown, MA, 01267.

The directions: You can move your cannon by pressing the left and rightarrow keys. Fire by using the space bar. A sneaky snail will shoot backat you at random. You only have three cannons. When the snails reach theend of the screen, they will reset. To replay the game, press BREAK andRUN.

And remember...snails are slow, but sneaky.

- 4;4' iinr Int-

1 POKE6549510:CLEAR500:CLSO3 SR=3:C=3:PS=CHRS(128):FORI=2T014:FORJ=4T013:SET(J,I,C):NEXTJ:NEXTI5 FORK=0T011STEP11:FORJ=18T023:5ET(.34X,2,C):NEXTJ:FORJ=17T024:SET(J+K,3,C):NEXTJ:FORI=4T014:FORJ=161-025:SET(J+K,I,C):NEXTJ:NEXTI:NEXTK7 FORh=0TO7STEP7:FORJ=39T058:FOR1=2T07:SET(J,I+K I C):NEXTI:NEXTJ:FORI=3T06:SET(59,I+K,C):NEXTI:FORI=4T05:SET(60,I+K,C):NEXTI:NEXTK9 PRINTa257,P$::FORY=1T028:READA:PRINTCHRS(A);:NEXT11 DATA105,108,108,117,115■1161114,97,116,101,100,128,128,128,109,101,109,111,114,121,128,128,128,98,97,110,107,11513 PRINT@329,P$;:FORY=1T012:READA:PRINTCHRS(A)::NEXT

15 DATA98,111,110,117,115,128,128,128,103,97,109,10117 PRINT@399,CHR$(98)+CHR$(121);19 PRINT@448,P$::FORY=1T031:READA:PRINTCHRS(A)::NEXT21 DATA102,114,101,100,128,115,99,101,114,98,111,128,128,97,110,100,128,128,100,97,108,101,12E1,104,97,103,103,101,114,116,12123 FORI=1702000:NEXTIGOT04325 PMODE3,1:PCLS:SCREEN0,0:DRAW"824BM20,72;C4E4L3E4R3G3R3G5NL3PR2E5R2F2E2R2G5L2H2G2L2BR10E5R3D5L2UPUL2ERDEDL3GL2BR10U5R3D5L3BR5U5R2D3RF2L5"27 DRAW516BM8,110:C3U2R2U4L2U2R6D2L2D4R2D2L6BR7U8R2F3U3R2D8L2H3D3L2BR8BU2U6R2D5FEU5R2D6G2L2NH2BR5U8R2F8L3H3EUH2D2R2BDL2D3NL2PR9U3H5R9F2D4G2L4BE2U4RFD2GLED2ER5U8R5D2L3DR2D2L2DR3D2L5BR6U8R4F2DG2F3L2H3BUU2RFGLEDD3L2BR8"

(CoehumlimPageirf)

COLOR COMPUTER DISK SYSTEMA complete disk drive system for the color computer, featuring the Tall Grass TechnologyDouble density, buffered disk controller. This system will support up to 4 51/4 in. diskdrives with a maximum capacity of 3.2 Mega bytes of storage using double sided BO trackdrives. This is a minimum of 4 times the capacity of the "Standard" color computer diskdrive system.

This is a lull featured "Basic" compatible disk operating system which does "NOT" require extended Basic and will even run on a 4Kcolor computer. It includes a complete dynamic allocation system that leaves no wasted or unused space on the disk. It willautomatically repack disk space when files are deleted to reduce file fragmentation and increase access time.

This system features three operating systems in one, the first is a free standing system which has 11 commands for loading. saving,removing, changing, checking, analyzing and executing files on disk. It can be configured to allow any mixed combinations of 35, 40and BO track drives.

The second system is a completely supported external access system for interfacing with virtually any program requiring the use ofthe disk system. It includes 10 functions for opening, closing, reading, writing sequential and random access files. There are also 13subroutine functions and 7 I/O subroutines accessable to the programmer.

The third system is a Basic interface system which includes 6 direct execute Basic commands and 6 indirect commands whichconform to the standard Basic tape & printer I/O commands and allow use of string and numeric variables for disk parameters. Up to 9files can be active at once, all disk file memory allocation is done automatically at run time. Also, Basic has access to all the freestanding DOS commands either directly or under program control.—PRICES:

Controller w/CCM0 +9 Eprom $159.95Disk Controller only 599.00CCMD + 9 Dos on 2732 Eprom $69.00CCASM9 disk assembler S34.95CCEDT9 disk text editor S24.95CCDISS disk disassembler 529.95CCIJTLY disk utilities 519.95CDTPRO Text processor 539.95

5566 RICOCHET AVE.Las Vegas. M. 119110 CER-COMP (702) 452-0632 AddS1

All Orders Shipped POW Stock.00 Postage - frIC/IPSA Add 3%

DISK OPERATING SYSTEM (CCMD + 9)

Games from Spectral AssociatesCGAME1 HI-RES Graphic Game

includesSpace InvadersMeteroidsSpace Wars 549.95

CGAME2 mixed game diskincludesBattle FleetSpace TradersAdventure

$39.95

Page 18

Game Aids 13

GENIERATINIFIRF" CHARACT E R

By John L. Urban

Here, as I promised in theJanuary issue of the RAINBOW, is theCharacter Generator program.

10 'CHARACTER GENERATOR PROGRAM20 'PROTOTYPE 1.030 1 (c) JARB SOFTWARE40 ST$="100 CLS:INPUT "WHAT IS THY NAME"INAME$450 CLSIPRINTTAB(4);"* CHARACTER

GENERATOR *":PRINT500 GOSUB30000:ST=X510 IF ST=18 THEN GOSUP30010:GOT0520515 PRINTUSING'STRENGTH = ##";ST:ST$=STR$(ST):IF LEN(ST$)<3 THEN ST$=" "+ST$520 GOSUP30000:IN=X:IF IN<3 THEN

520525 PRINTUSING"INTELLIGENCE= ##";IN530 GOSUB30000:WI=X:IF WI<3 THEN

530

535 PRINTUSING" WISDOM ##"WI

540 GOSUP30000:DE=X:IF DE , 3 THEN540

545 PRINTUSING"DEXTERITY = ##";DE550 GOSU•30000:CO=X:IF CO3, THEN

550555 PRINTUSING"CONSTITUTION= ##";CO560 GOSUP30000:CH=X:IF CH/3 THEN

560565 PRINTUSING"CHARISMA = *it";CH568 PRINT:PRINTNAME$;","570 PRINT"ART THOU SATISFIED WITH THIS CHARACTER,":LINEINFUT "(‹YES, <N>0, eE)ND) 7 ";A$575 IF ASe,'="Y" THEN 450580 PRINT:INPUT"WOULDST THOUE A PRINTOUT OF THIS CHARACTER';A$585 IF A$<>"Y" THEN 605590 PRINT#-2,"CHARACTER FOR "NAME$;":";CHR$(10)595 PRINT*-2,"STRENGTH ="ST$:PRINT#-2,USING"INTELLIGENCE= 0#";IN:PRINT#-21USING"WISDOM##";WI:PRINT#-2,USING"DEXTERITY

= ##";DE

(Continued on Page 19 I

CAME AIDS Frog Pg. 10

600 PRINT*-2,USING"CONSTITUTION=WICO:PRINTA1-2,USING"CHARISMA

= 4011.";CH605 INPUT 'ANOTHER CHARACTER";A$:IF A$<>"Y" THEN CLS:END610 RUN1000 END30000 X=RND(16):RETURN30010 Y=INT(RND(0)*101)30015 STS=STRIA(ST)+"/"+STR$(Y)-1171114')M OLIT►YCTOCAWZTU - m.07*.DC

Now, here's a breakdown of thelines in the program above:

40 Clears ST$100 Asks for person (or

character) name450 Clears screen, print heading500-515 Strength generator. If

strength equals 18, then we GOTO30010 to get a percentile.

530-565 Repeat process (exceptfor percentile routine if X=18).Variables are IN=intelligence,WI=wisdom, DE=dexterity,Cer=constitution, CH=charisma.

568-575 Ask player if thecharacter is OK. If not, do theroutine again.

560-585 Asks if you would like aprintout. If not, then GCITO 605 foranother character.

590-600 Printout character on theprinter

605 Asks if you want to createanother character. If not, then END.If yes, then run the program again.

1000 Catch-all. If we missed anychance of the program going past 610,then we must prevent an error fromhappening.

30000 Random routine to choose thecharacteristics.

30010-30020 If ST=18 then makeSTS=ST+"/"+percentile

EXAMPLE RUN No. 1

CHARACTER FOR JOHN

Strength =16Intelligence= 8Wisdom =16Dexterity = 6Constitution=18Charisma = 6

EXAMPLE RUN No. 2

CHARACTER FOR JOHN

Strength =18/ 83

Intelligence=16Wisdom = aDexterity = 7Constitution=16Charisma = 4

Above are two examples of a run ofthe program.

I always think of an average (ormedian) for these characteristics asbeing 9-12. Anything above or belowthis median starts to add or detractfrom your rolls in combat and othersituations.

Example #1 shows a fairly averagecharacter, except for charisma andwisdom. The charisma being 6, ourhero is just a little bit less thanhandsome (or beautiful if thecharacter is female). Charisma isnot always how beautiful or handsomethe character is. It is mainly usedin determining how your charactermight influence others. So, I wouldnot use this character in aPopularity contest.

But the wisdom is a 16, whichmeans the character will normally beable to detect any suspiciousactivity when his or her curiosity isaroused. However, with hisintelligence being only an 8, hewould probably overlook the moresubtle clues.

(Continued on Page 21 )

Si 1 1 ,ipv 9vire t ,mL

By Sugar Software

A hilarious and outrageous story gate for one toten players. This game will blame one of yourfavorite to play and show off. Create your ownstories with the built-in 'Erten editor or orderstory tapes from the selection blows. Billy Syntaxfeatures include creating, modifying, printing,saving and loading of stories. included is theSilly Syntax gas*, two stories and the user guide.$19.95 - Requires Extended Basic.

Silly Syntax stories - Ten stories per cassette.SS-001 -) Fairy Tales 5S-004 -) Current EventsSS-002 -) Sing Along SS-005 -) Sothic RomanceSS-003 -) 1-rated SS-004 -) Adventure/Sci-fi

$9.95 - 101 off for 3 or sore story cassettes.

All products are available now.Ohio residents add 5.51 sales tax.Add 51.0 per cassette for postage and handling.

Sugar Software2153 Leah Lane

Raynoldoburg, Oh 43069(614) 1361-0565

Page 19

ADVENTURES!!!For TRS-B0 and COLOR-80. These Ad•

ventures are written in BASIC, are full fea-tured, fast action, full plotted adventuresthat take 30-50 hours to play. (Adventuresare interactive fantasies. It's like reading abook except that you are the mein char-acter as you give the computer commandslike "Look in the Coffin" and "Light thetorch.")

Adventures require 16K. They sell for$14.96 each.ESCAPE FROM MARS (by Rodger Olsen)

This ADVENTURE takes place on theRED PLANET. You'll have to explore aMartian city end deal with possibly hostilealiens to survive this one. A good firstadven to re.

PYRAMID (by Rodger Olsen)This is our most challenging ADVEN•

TURF. It is a treasure hunt in • pyramidfull of problems. Exciting and tough!

TREK ADVENTURE fby Bob Retells)This one takes place aboard a familiar

starship. The crew has left for good reasons -but they forgot to take you, and now youare in deep trouble.

DEATH SHIP Iby Rodger Olsen)Our first and original ADVENTURE,

this one takes place aboard a cruise ship -but it ain't the Love Boat.

TRS-80

QUESTGUEST - A NEW IDEA IN ADVEN-

TURE GAMES! Different from all theothers. Quest is played on a computergenerated map of Armin. Your job is togather men and supplies by combat, bargain-ing, exploration of ruins and temples andoutright banditry. When your force is strongenough, you attack the Citadel of Moorlockins life or death battle to the finish. Play-able in 2 to 5 hours, this one is differentevery time.16K COLOR-BO OR TRS-130 ONLY. S14.95

ARCADE AND THINKING GAMES16K and extended or level II BASIC

TIME TREK. REAL TIME REALGRAPHICS TREK. See the torpedoes flyand Klingons explode. No more scoting displays, no more turn taking. — Thisone has real time and real displays. InBASIC —for 16K level II or extended colorBASIC. 514.95.

STARFIGHTER — This one man spacewar game pits you against spacecruisers,battlewagons, and one man fighters. Youhave the view from your cockpit window, aworking instrument panel, and your wits.Another real time goody. S9.95.

BATTLEFLEET — This grown-up ver-sion of Battleship is the toughest thinkinggame available on 80 computers. There isno luck involved as you seek out the 80'shidden fleet. This is a topographical toughie.$9.95.

SLASHBALL — A two player game ofstrategy and skill, this is like nothing youhave ever seen before. This takes fastfingers, quick wits and concentration. Play-able from age 6 to 65. IT is a good familygame. S9.95.

MINOS - 8K — Features amazing JDgraphics. You see a maze from the top, thescreen blanks, and when it clears, you are inthe maze at ground level finding your waythrough on foot. Realistic enough to causeclaustrophobia. $12.95. ICOLOR•BO ON LY

Aft'free catalog to:

COLOR-80

VAMPIRE CASTLE (by Mike Bassman)This is a contest between you and old

Drac - and it's getting a little dark outside.S14.95 each. Please specify system on all orders

This is only a partial listing of what we have to offer. Send for

AARDVARK 802352 S. Commerce, Walled Lake, MI 48088

(313) 669-3110

Page GAME AIDS Fronk 19

As you can see, in creating acharacter -- and in determining hisor her personality -- you must lookat the characteristics as a whole. Iwould say that example #1 is a prettyordinary person.

Character #21 on the other hand,is not so average.

Personally, I prefer a characterwho isn't a superman in strength.This character could be compared toConan in strength. He is very closeto being super-human. A rating of18/100 would be interpreted as 19,which is to say, super-human. So, hewill look something like LouFerrigno. His intelligence, being16, will also make him extra-smart.This will come in handy, should thesituation warrant brains over brawn.His wisdom, being what it is, is morethan a slight disadvantage, althoughhe would not be totally oblivious toall clues in search for adventure.

Unfortunately, his dexterity wouldmake him prone to fall over his feetin combat. But not too many peoplewill laugh at him. Luckily, he has aconstitution of 16, which means he

will be extraordinarily brave.All in all, he will be very close

to being super-human, if a bitcl umsy.

You, as a referee, have the finalsay in who does what to theircharacter. I would not recommendthat the group you referee be allConan-types. Neither should they allbe super-scholars, or whatever.

Ey no means is this charactergenerator program complete. As avariation, you could create a routineto ask for input of information ifthe player prefers to bring in analready-created character. Or, Youcould create files on cassette ordisc to update the characters as thegame is played, as a reference to youand for the other players.

This will be the subject of mynext article in the series. Pleasefeel free to make any adjustments tothe program to suit your needs -- andshare them with me if you would like.You can write in care of theRAINBOW.

Till then, may you be rich in yourventures.

the ILK Colorpith Si or 64

COLOFtTERM (c)Computer* as an intelligent terminalcolumns by 21 lines and loner case!

• 300 or 110 Baud • any data format (commercial • encode data for more secure• user programmable keys systems, TSO, bulletins etc.) storage• automatic repeat when • memory buffer for incoming • macro buffers for often-used

key is held down data-save buffer-scroll output• dump your files to host through buffer • patch the 51 or 64 column• reverse video ■ preserve a -window" of display to your own programs• partial screen clear any size; new material scrolls running above 9168 (23 DO hex)• 4-way cursor control through remainder of screen.Cassette and Manual 534.95 las i 540.95 tr...01.)

Martin Consulting, 94 Macalester Bay, Winnipeg, Manitoba, R3T 2X5 Canada•7 OF 'FAWN CORP

Ora 10,4, Charge. kle.wy Ord or

Page 21

53f hare Review

BILLY ‘1'1%1T,AX

Just when you think you've seenabout everything anyone can do withthe CoCo, along comes somethingtotally unique which is really a joyto load in. Such a program is SILLYSYNTAX (from Sugar Software, 2153Leah Lane, Reynoldsburg, OH 43068,for *19.95).

My hat's off to Gary Davis, theauthor and his wife, Susan, who had alot of input into the idea for SILLYSYNTAX. The program is based on theever-popular party game where peopletake turns supplying some name, partof speech or whatever and end up withoddball sentences and storiesguaranteed to produce a bunch oflaughs.

For the youngsters -- and thereare several 'story tapes" availableincluding fairy tales -- this can bea real educational process as well.When the program asks for a noun,that's a pretty easy way of getting akid interested in knowing a noun is a'person, place or thing."

One person can play, or a wholegroup. The computer asks for certainwords to fill in blanks, and thenwrites out a whole story using thosewords. The results are, in a word,fun.

I found the program, for 16KExtended Basic, easy to use. Thereis a very complete instruction book,and two stories included with thebasic program. Other tapes are theaforementioned fairy tales,advernture, science fiction, gothic

HOW PRETTY IT IBTO PRIMT PRETTY

One of the things most of thepreliminary books on BASIC tell us isthat "prettyprinting" can help debugprograms. But, alas, the ColorComputer doesn't seem to want toprettyprint.

Prettyprinting is, basically, justusing indentations to make thingslook like they go together. The bestexample is in a FOR/NEXT loop, whereall the material which stays insidethe loop is indented a number ofspaces so that its easy to spot thematerial that is enclosed in theloop.

There is a whole range of other"rules" for prettyprinting, but mostof them make use of spaces. And, ifyou have ever tried to tab over afterthe line number with CoCo, you knowthat, on listing the program again,CoCo just takes up the spaces andputs your first BASIC word orvariable after the line number.

But you can prettyprint. Theway to do it is simply to make the

4first character after the line numbera colon (:). Once that's there, youcan prettyprint to your heart'scontent.

romance, current events, sing-alongand X-rated. Output is to the screenor a printer. I can't wait to seemore of the tapes ($9.95 each, 10percent discount for an order ofthree or more).

I really like this fine effort increative programming!

Page 22 LOW MEMORY FraiN. 1

low-resolution or text screeninformation -- which is absolutelynecessary unless your program usesonly, the high-res pages in highermemory.

Most of the bottom 429 bytes fromaddress 0 to 42e are used aspointers, buffers, interrupt vectorsand other necessary functions and arenot to be tampered with. This areais of extreme importance, however,for advanced programming techniquesalthough it is not useful asadditional storage.

At RAINBOW CONNECTION SOFTWARE, wehave found this situation leaves uswith RAM addresses 42, to 1023 and,yes, these may all be 'pilfered"from the Color Computer for your useunder most circumstances.

That's 595 bytes of additionalemergency memory that you never knewyou had!

.1-F experimentation, we havefound that only addresses 729 to 753and 981 to 996 are used ofteRWiEiiZimpair some operations such asprUgram editing and subsequentloading of programs or data. It isrecommended that you always turn offCoCo, wait 15 seconds, and turn it onagain (cold start) after using any

t program that "pilfers" in lowerI memory.

Just how can

memory be used?Well, unfortunately, it cannot be

turned into additional BASIC programstorage, but it can be accessed toreplace variables, arrays, tables oran entire "hidden screen" of memoryby POKEing in any value from 0 to 255in each byte to be used and laterPEEKing those values back out.Usually, after getting the value fromlow, memory storage, each is convertedto an ASCII character (letter, numberor low-res graphics block) using theCHR$ function. An even better use ofthis memory is to POKE in a machinelanguage subroutine to be executedfrom either the BASIC program or fromthe command mode outside the program.This subroutine will then remain inlow memory until the machine isturned off.

In the original version of RAINBOWCONNECTION SOFTWARE's Minefield game,we successfully 'pilfered' an entire

'hidden screen" of memory (512 bytes)to store our minefield map. Duringthe run of the game, the map wasfrequently called to the screendisplay by PEEKing each byte of thehidden map (stored at 429 to 940) andPOKEing it into low-res screen memory(1024 through 1535) -- minus themines, of course. This techniquemade it possible for us to fit thismemory-consuming game easily into 4K-

PIPELINE Froth. 0

the RS editor-assembler is scheduledfor the end of February.

Incidentally, the CoCo with 32k isexpected to take some 30 days toobtain. The wait for drive 0 (that'sthe one you have to have first) isestimated at 60 days.

There is some undocumentedspeculation afoot that some of thenewer software that will be availablefrom Tandy will be disc-based. And,if you havn't seen the documentationon the new ART GALLERY ROM PAC, takea look. We believe you'll bepleased at its completeness (at leastcompared to some of the other ROMPACs).

IS" FR13 E3C)F7 1711.44s,REE1169 FLORIDA ST.

IMPERIAL BEACH. CA 92032

LASER STAR & HELO BATTLE $14.95JARBCODE $14.95PSYCHIC APTITUDE TEST &

JARB BIORHYTHM $14.95JARB PRINTER UTILITY KIT $14.95

Programs on quality data diskettewith complete documentation.

COD orders accepted. For regularmail, please add $1 for shippingand handling. California residentsaff 67. state sales tax.

Call or write for free catalog ofavailable programs. No collect callsplease. (714) 429-5516.

All RAINBOW subscribers are eli-gible to deduct $2 from cost ofeach program.

this additional

freed through the malls of coloredbrI*4 by smemitoriag the peddle todeflect Um Sosociag balls

PM( MEMOIR ijoyete opt) ):Aoce• Ticlapak /1101• T

WOW DigrigClews& the Mfda picked at modem fromtae cemgmter's list. User selectable.

Pore is oa mow 814t8hIps beforefirlog peer obscurer Diffiuultyisereamo se you enter term drive.

eq..... (:!tkgfrAfErato ijoysta op,T4gp Torlapek 114a.12 gra

TIC-TAC-Tgook the ommmtor playing this s$ -aidfavorite or loos, to dyleulaL1ni WpOPOMC

Yoga, vorsiog or femme sard i0.4.O to *brio players 're. computer.

bettieg, full Seek, graphie.I

WIC (16. Tolmpak ^005PATH MOP

ILICS.Iket 6

▪ r.CAI program tosekes Mole metaskills se it hales interest.

ifK Programs With 16K Punch!!!!Di...... the o1D is your T111.40. CCM! CCEPLITIll

Ye ec *loco Commecticm an dedicated to offertag sakkilf pros:rim• in full colormod soma at &a afordsbA• price for tflo r•volotio•ary T2S-110• Color Commit.,

All of nor ti progiska (i.,COH Series) are compatible mitt all model. at Qv. ColorComputer mid require omly a starderd cement. simper. %tamales are produce oneprogram per aide for erareeslmot loadlog oc foci-redid C-5 ccomttes.At Lime tam $5.05 per program (plum Orpg.) pea cm afford mcorel for acute of fear

iFlying over slimly t.',Itg,7r YWA 'kWfor for yaw iamb roe. bet =etch mmmessp !Loki lintlistic bomb tribioetcrio

• * ObCola• 0-17 MO= iloyetb cps

fidspekiallitk ow= iP

ro.lculalos Isgliskbotrie cmooralasseltbireplie r5.-•/MLIUMS.

Mimes t he secret number from cluesprovided. antis'•, eveleatieno.Mill Vowels. ligbly madictivel

131,,geg CCOCPCHIRDIv', • ?minima 04101 • bed

JACIMOT tom r.

Pm11 the lamer .--miteb fibs *eelstura to prolog. ■ jaekkoti

blaplogo grapk of year physical, Imo-tinsel. mmd cycles. KelmUm wet et good. bed, critical dye]

!Mask t •• eomputeria three die*.a moos tit* OgrOmm mad hit your SuROOT

fear. game. Hetet the nerd► beiliadthe squarem to complete the putelel

CCOORTOLVICOTriapok 04006 gp

CID= -A -LUCK

se

Allot year craft to a sere landingim tee geom . !' rocky Norf.... Matchyour gauge... you'll

LUNAB LANDER (jet, opt* trimemb 00102

MATH DRILL ter- 11•!

Compote egoist opto ..... is tiro,mid .course Great t foal

----- , 1I. bassI mammas I City gent•---ZIP----1

1 SAM AMOS I

I -..--1

al lat Psg rem 951 tami rferimpak• ibpailmodling 2.0d1l_qii1L-P2A91 -- __DUILismluei....J

C-,Foal HUM clusErn tares 65.45

NA. tape.=PA PM-ill premium. 2% nin/mid■.5 moray. black bousine. lase label

eilate theo• kalLeAnd• program) Llood ' ",• lsoliag prod f computer gem.topes. Tep-mmlaty. perfect eta►.

cf11-60 is ■ trademark of Sandy Corp.Not affiliated with THE RAINBOW magazine COMING SOON

Sceptor of Tzirgla

MAKEK NI I P1 DE XFOR VIOLJR EbIC

By Jorge Mir

This program, called DSKIFINDXcreates another BASIC program which,when run, provides a menu of programsan your disc. Programs can then beselected from the menu by simplytyping the applicable program number.The selected program is thenautomatically loaded and run.

The newly-created program, calledINDEX, eliminates the need to type inthe programs the user wants to run.Young children are relieved of theneed to determine whether theprograms to be run are written inBASIC or in machine language. Italso eliminates the problem ofmis-typing the name of.a program youwish to load and run.

DSK*INDX, which is a copyrightedprogram, performs the followingfunctions:

Page 23-- It reads the disc directory

(track 17) and stores in memory theprogram names and their relatedextensions.

It sorts the namesalphabetically (this can take sometime if there are many programs on adisc).

-- It creates a new BASIC program.This is done through the developmentof program lines as strings, and thencopying them to the disc.

-- It kills a previously-createdINDEX program before storing the newone. This function is added in casea new program is added to the disc sothat the old program can be updated.

Before DSK*INDX starts its work,it checks to see whether there isroom on the disc for the new program.It also checks to see if there isalready an INDEX program on the disc.

It should be noted the INDEXprogram will only contain programswith extensions "BAS" or "BIN." Thisfeature was incorporated to allow theuser to store programs which could beexcluded from the menu printed byINDEX.

A sound is produced by the programwhen a machine language file isselected from the menu. The sound islong enough to allow the disc motorto stop before the program beginsexecution. This is because, in mostinstances, if you attempt to executea machine language program before the

disc stops, the disc will hang up andcontinue to run. If the location ofthe machine language programconflicts with the location of INDEX,the machine language program will beloaded but not executed. If thisoccurs, you must type EXEC to run theprogram.

If BASIC programs containinggraphics produce a syntax error, youshould include a PCLEAR 4 statementas the first step in your BASICprogram. In order to avoid coinflictwith many machine language programs,INDEX relocates itself to locationHEX 0E03. With the BASIC pointer atthis location, the programscontaining graphic statements willproduce syntax errors which are thenavoided by the PCLEAR 4 statement.

The listing:

(Continued on Page 24 )

0111■111..t.. 111 IWO itk

...1.11olsm

•

LENGTH 12 PAK 24 PAKC-05 89c 59$C-10 79t 89eC•20 99c 89c

so

7o

s •

LENGTH 12 PAK 24 PAKC•30 $1.19 ..... $1.09C-80 $1.49 $1.39C•90 $1.79 $1.89

•IOC% ERROR FREE • FULLY GUARANTEED• SUPERIOR SSCREW CONSTRUCTION •• HIGH FREQUENCY RESPONSE • VERY LOW NOISE • WIDE DYNAMIC RANGE •• USED BY SOFTWARE FIRMS, HOBBYISTS AND PUBLIC SCHOOLS NATIONWIDE •• SAXES SOLD ONLY WITH CASSETTES 20c EA • 12.76 PER PAK SHIPPING •

C.O.D. HOTLINE 1-206-675-6143

MICRO.80' INC.E•2665 BUSBY ROAD • OAK HARBOR, WA 98277

•■In■7

Page 24DISC INDEX Frog Pg. 23

•

270 GOSUP820280 CLSIPRINT"THESE ARE THE PROGRAMS STORED IN THE DISK:"290 PRINT:FOR X=1 TO Y300 PRINT" 'LEFTS(NS(X),8)" "MIDS(NS(X),9 1 3),310 IF Y ,'22 THEN 330320 FOR S=1 TO 100:NEXT S330 NEXT X340 IF POS(0)>1 THEN PRINT350 PRINT:PRINTIPLEASE STANDBY WHILE THE NEW BASIC PROGRAM ISPEING CREATED."

360 '***PROGRAM GENERATOR***4- 365 IF F2=1 THEN "INDEX/PAS"

chardit. 6 370 LXWON I GOTO "N 380 OPEN "0"0,"INDEX/BAS"

"Kr 1-1- 390 LN=0:LNS=""400 LN$="GOTO 6000":GOSU81080410 LNS="DATA BD,B3,ED,1F,02,7E,96,A7":GOSUB 1080420 LN$="CLS":GOSUB 1080430 LNS="CLEAR 2000:DIM N$(60)":GOSUB1080440 LN$="PRINT TAB(12)"+CHR$(34)+"INDEX"+CHRS(34):GOSUBI080450 LNS="PRINT":GOSUB1080460 LNS="X=0:Z=1':GOSUB1080470 LNS="RESTORE":GOSUB1080480 LN$="FOR I=OT07:READ E$:NEXT":GOSUBI080 (Continued on Page 25

COMPUTERAUDIOCASSETTES ck" CASSETTES

5%-1,e)

3 ' e.4 ' BY: JORGE MIR * 3ee el5 '

O '*****************************-rv°1 '

2 ' DSK*INDX P6 C.

6 ' (C) 19817e '*****************************

•

910 CLEAR 10000:DIM NV60)20 Y=0:F1=0:F2=030 CLS40 PRINT" BASIC PROGRAM GENERATOR*50 PRINT:PRINT" THIS PROGRAM WILL GENERATE A BASIC PROGRAM THAT WILL PRINT A FILE DIRECTORY AND AUTOMATICALLYRUN ANY PROGRAM SELECTED FROM THE PRINTED MENU.

70 PRINT:PRINT' PLACE THE DISKFOR WHICH YOU WANT TO DEVELOP A

N INDEX IN DRIVE '0' PEFOREPROCEEDING."80 PRINT alisco,m <PRESS ANY KEYTO START>";

90 IF INKEYS="" THEN 90100 SOUND200,5:CLS:PRINT a200,"READING DISK' 0, VT110 FOR X=1 TO 9 ui" -to120 N=0 6 kire-

-W. 130 ! 0,17,X+2,AS,B$140 CS=AS+LEFTS(BS,127)150 NAMS(N)=LEFTS(C$03)160 EXTS(N)=MIDS(CS,9,3)170 IF LEFTS(NAMS(N),1)=CHRS(0)

THEN 190180 IF EXTS(N)="BAS" OR EXT$(N)="PIN'THEN GOSUB 790190 FOR N=1 TO 7200 NAMS(N)=MIDS(CS,N*32+1,8)210 IF LEFT$(NAM$(N),1)=CHR$(0)

THEN 240220 EXT$(N)=MID$(C$,9+N*32,3)230 IF EXTS(N)='BAS" OR EXT$(N)="BIN" THEN GOSUB 790 61,0p."!" *240 NEXT N:NEXT X t.••FZ66

4'242 IF F2=1 OR 'C0r.:1 THEN 250244 CLS:PRINT'THERE IS NO ROOM IN THE DISK TO SAVE THE NEW BASICPROGRAM.'

245 PRINTIPRINTIYOU MUST 'KILL'ONE OF THE PROGRAMS CURRENTLY STORED IN DISK BEFORE PROCEEDING.'246 END250 N=Y+1260 CLS:SOUND 200,5:PRINTi9199,"DATA BEING SORTED"

DISC INDEX Fros Pq. 24

490 LN$="READ N$(2):1F N$(2)="+CHR$(34)+"END"+CHR$(34)+" THEN"+STRO(LN+30):GOSUP10130500 LN$="Z=Z+1:GOTO"+STR,(LN):GOSUP1080510 LN$="A=INT((2-1)/2)+1":GOSUB1080520 LNWFOR X=1 TO A°:GOSUP1060530 LNWPRINT USING"+CHR$(34)+"***"+CHR$(34)+":XIIPRINT"+CHR$(34)+" "+CHP$(34)+"N$(X),":GOSUP1080540 LNWIF NIC(X+A) , >"+CHR$(347+CHR$(34)+"THEN PRINT USING"+CHR$(34)+"410#"+CHR$(34)+":X+A::PRINT"+CHR$(34)+" "+CHR$(34)+"N$(X+A):NEXT":GOSUP1080550 LN$="PRINT@480,"+CHR$(34)+CHR$(34)+";:INPUT"+CHR$(34)+"YOUR CHOICE"+CHR$(34)+"W:GOS

UP 1000560 LNWIF 1 , 1 OR I>Z THEN"+STR$(LN) :GOSUB1080570 LN$="GOTO 5000":GOSUB10810580 F1=1:FOR X=1 TO Y590 IF MID,(N$(X),9,3)="PIN" THEN 630600 LNWRUN"+CHR$(34)+LEFT$(1■4(X),8)+"/BAS"+CHR$(34)+•:DATA "4-L.

EFTS(N$(X)18)610 GOSUB 1080620 GOTO 650630 LN$="LOADM"+CHR$(34)+LEFTCN$00,8)+"/PIN"+CHR$(34)+":SOUND200,50:EXEC:DATA "+LEFT$(N$(X)98

640 GOSUB 1080650 NEXT X660 F1=0670 LNWDATA END":GOSUB1080680 LN=4990:LN$=LEFT$(LX$,LEN(LX$)-1):GOSUB1080690 LN$="CLS:END":GOSUB1080700 LN=5990:LN$="CLEAR200:FOR1=0T07:READ E$":GOSUP 1080710 LN$="POKE&HE03+I I VAL("+CHR$(34)+"&H"+CHR$(34)+"+E$):NEXT°:GOSUB1080720 LNWDEFUSR0=&HE03:X=USR0(84HE18)":GOSUB1080730 LNWGOTO 30":GOSUB1080740 CLOSE1750 CLS:PRINT2160,"THE NEW BASICPROGRAM HAS BEEN GENERATED ANDSTORED IN YOUR DISK."760 SOUND 200,25770 PRINT780 END790 Y=Y+1800 NCY)=NAMS(N)+EXT$(N)805 IF N$(Y)="INDEX /BAB' THEN

F2=1810 RETURN

Page25820 REM*****SORTING ROUTINE****830 FOR 51=I TO N—I STEP 2840 S2=S1+1850 NEXT S1860 S3=0870 S4=N880 S4=INT(S4/2)890 IF S4=0 GOTO 1070900 S3=S3+1910 FOR S5=1 TO S4-1920 SI=S5930 52=55+34940 S6=0950 IF NCS1)<N$(52)GOTO 1000960 56=1970 SS$=N$(61)980 N$(51)=N$(52)990 NU52)=S5$1000 S1=S21010 62=52+541020 IF S2<N GOTO 9501030 IF S6=0 GOTO 10501040 GOTO 9201050 NEXT S51060 GOTO 880107M !WI-M:4.N1080 LN=LN+101090 A$=STR$(LN)+" w+LN$1100 PR1NT#1,A$1110 IF F1=1 THEN LX$=LX$+STR$(LN)+CHR$(8)+"1"1120 RETURN

,e- .............„

I in COLOR

L,,,LIM ITEDD 9i:FE R I

FREE WE'LL. SEND YOU OUR BONUS GAME OF THE MONTHWHEN YOU SENO US A SELF-ADDRESSED. STAMPEDENVELOPE FOR OUR FREE. COLOR PROGRAM LIST.

16 K in:DED HI-RESOLUTION GAMES**

STARBASE ATTACK s8111141111 $ 1295

DMA OEM $ 12.95C-=3E3:1

HIGH SPEED ARCADE GAME

1051111e 11111411KAZE *18.95JOYSTICKS RECI'D orras 8

Tandy0 is a TH of

Corp.CERTIFIED CHECKS OR MONEY ORDERS ONLY

III, illustrated memory banks110 P. 0.BOX 289

WILLIAMSTOWN , MA. 01 267-02 89

"CASSETTEPlease mention the RADON when cede, ring

12.95

Page 26isIva

MORE VIPERS!

By Richard White

told me that I had to have a DIM (X)statement for any GET command.

Now, the Extended Basic Manualtells us that a two dimension arraymust be dimensioned for a GET, andthat the form for the one above wouldbe (DIM (22,16). I put this in andit worked. I proceeded to put in therest of VIPERS, *correcting" Dave'sDIM statements as I went. I ran itand checked MEM to find I was usingnearly 251t bytes.

Now, at this point in the CoCo'sdevelopment, it is reasonable toexpect the typical owner has a 16Kmachine and any program that wouldnot fit in 16K would be so labeled.Dave's original DIM statementsworked, though they are totallydifferent from those in the manual.A quick check proved this out.

gat a FC ERROR IN LINE 135. ThatSo what is the right, and least

memory-consuming way to DIM for useUse This Coupon or a Photocopy... of GET's. TThve read the September

Radio Shack "Microcomputer News"ALSO AVAILABLE: closer than I did. There Thomas+ Galloping Gamblers $18.95 Rokicki provides the following+ Gator Zone $18.95 formula, which obviously works:+ Micro-Math Skills Quiz $12.95 Array Si:e=((H x V) -1)/N

e r ' o— — •r' Where H=horizonal width;

tV ar7de4rt, j oc: 1 80 l ror PhM; ODEN=401 a ndf

1111. GAME OFFER $,1604,:r len

gths and widths are the.

PT,C:DE013.

BUY ANY 2 GAMES &

** All Gases Reouire 16K Extended Basic 14For VISA/MasterCharge OrdersMon-Fri, 9 -5 EST, call

TEL.413•663-9648❑ Check, ❑ Money Order,❑ Master Card, ❑ Visa.Account No. Exp. Date

The other neat bit of programmingis Dave's use of the PLAY commandwith tempo 1255, note length L255 togenerate sound effects. Theseeffects appear in commercial machinelanguage programs -- now we find wecan do them from BASIC.

Perhaps Dave will put some wordsaround on how he chooses notes andoctaves to get what he wants.

VIPERS may be Dave Ho ❑per's firstcut at game programming, but he hasbeen keeping his light under thebarrel regarding other phases of CoCoprogramming.

Of course, I typed VIPERS in fromthe December RAINBOW. I came to theDIM statements in line 115 andproceeded to enter only those with(10) or larger since CoCo defaults to(10) if no other number is specified.After all, I'm running 3211 and don'tlike to type.

Now, when I enter a program, Ilike to test it as I go by running itif this is reasonable. With VIPERS,it was reasonable to RUN100 aftereach set of DRAW and GET lines afteradding a 1000 GOTO 1000 to hold thegraphics screen. Line 135 is GET(178,68)-(196,84),F,G. I ran 100 and

'largest coordinate minus the smallest

Ncoordinate for each direction. Mosta'of the time you will get an answer in'1 GET ANY $ 12.95 GAME ,_'dowdecimal form, i.e., 7.7696. Round

down (in this case, DIMR

X(7).A

•

This is important if you have) FREE! 16KCOLOR;45

stayed away from GET's and PUT's1 EXTENDED GAME ibecause of the memory consumption of;it 'a two dimensional array. I certainly..:Ip NAME EXPIRES /...- 1 - 62 Cd;had not given them much thought until,.' t fir 4 ': 1 entered Dave's program.

Page 27MUM FrosPg. 17

29 DRAW"HUR3EL4U2E3R4G3R3DG4L2":PAINT(24,70),4,431 FORI=IT05:READA:PAINT(A,70),41 4:NEXT33 DATA32,63,1181178,22035 FORI=1T08:READA:PAINT(A,90),3,3:NEXT37 DATA22,46,72,102,1136,170,195 1

23439 FOR1,;=6T0206STEP40:FORKK=0T04E1STEP161PUT(0+K,120+KK)—(32+K,128+Kh),S,PSET:NEXTKK:NEXTK41 PPKE65494,0:FORK=1T°5:SCREEN1

10:SOUND20,1:FORI=1T0500:NEXTI:SCREEN1,1:SOUND1,1:FORI=1T0500:NEXTI:NEXTK:POKE65495,0:RETURN43 2=4:PMODE3,1:PCLS:SCREEN0,0:Ci$="ClERNU4RU4RD4RU4RD4RU4RNL4D2NL4D2L6C3"45 DIMT(24)47 AS="BR4NU4BR":B$="13R2U2R3U2NL3BD4NL3":C$="BR2R3U2NL2U2NL3BD4"1 1:3="BR2rU2NU2R3U2D4*:ES="BR2R3U2L3U2R3ED4":FWER2U4NR3D2R3D2NL3":GS="BR2BU3UR3D4":HWER2U4R302NL3D2N1_3":IS="BR2PU2NR3U2R3D4":J$="BR2U4R3D4NL3"49 QQ$="V311_25502BBO1CC"51 GB$="ULUL2UR7D1_2DLD"53 SNS="REHLG2FR3E2H2L3G2DFR6U2"

55 SA$="C5REHLG2FR3E2H2L3G2C2DFUNHDR5C4NUNHNE2RNH"57 DRAWS11BM128,921C3"+SN$59 PAINT(128,89),2,361 DRAWS11BM128,92;"+SA$63 DIMS(7)65 GET(111186)—(143,94),S,G67 FORI=1T090:PSET(RND(43),RND(19),RND(5))1NEXT69 DIME(21):GET(0,0)—(43,19),E,G71 GGS= N U2R4U2R2U2RD2R2D2R4D2L13a

73 DRAWS4EM12,192;C3"+GG$75 PAINT(17,190),3,377 DIMF(7):GET(0,185)—(37,192),F,G:GOSUE25:GOT013779 IFM1=0THEN103ELSEIFM1=1THEN105ELSEIFM1=2THEN107ELSEIFM1=3THEN109ELSEIFM1=").4THEN11181 L1=M2:60SUB113:MCS=LLA:IFM2=)10THENM3=M3+183 IFM2=>10THENM2=085 L1=113:GOSUB113:MDS=LLS:IFM3=>10THENM4=M4+187 IFM3='>10THENM3=089 1_1=114:GO5UB113IMES=LLS:IFM4='›10THENM5=M5+191 IFM4=)10THENM4=093 1.1=M5:GOSUB113:MES=LLS:IFM5=>10THENM6=M6+1

(Continued on Page 28 )

1-RS e fa coLo rri u'rEP

- 16K Extended Basic, Menu-Driven, Well-Documented, Easily-Modified.- For either cassette on diskette systems (Se sure to sPecify).- Place an order or At least $40 and get one extra. of Your choice free.- Orders shiPPed on cassette - Add $5 for shiPment on diskette.

-FURST-Data Element Dictionary drivenFile Update And Retrieval SysTem.Create and maintain files accordingto your sPecifications. Ideas foraPPlications included. $25

-MAILING LABELS-Generate and maintain mailing labelrecords. Selectively Print desiredquantities. Can keep several labelfiles if desired. Designed forPrinter VII, easily modified. *15

-REPORT WRITER-Used in conJunction with FURST toselectively format rePorts on yourPrinter. Includes headings andtotal capabilities.

$15

-EXERCISE PLANNER-Build and maintain comPlete exerciseschedule for regular and/on weightPrograms. Display guides you throughdaily-calculated routines. PrintcomPlete schedule if desired. $15

-DISK DIRECTORY PRINT-For diskette users only. Get hard coPy or disk directories on yourPrinter for easy use and reference. Only $5.

' TRS-80 and COLOR COMPUTERare Trademarks or Tandy Corp..

Send check or money order toL_FV-4E>

P.O. Box 232BellbrookJ OH 45305

COLOR COMPUTECOMPUVOICE TRS410 MADNESS & THE

MINOTAURThe best adventure game available for the •LolorromPu ter. Over 200 teams. 6 creatures 13 magicspells. loads of treasures Wrgtenin machinelanguage extended Saw not required S19 95

NEW EXTENDEDBASIC GAMES!

• SUB HUNT $14.95• LASER ATTACK $10.95• ALCATRAZ II $ 8.95c.rnpielf with high resolution gra ohms and

- sound

• CROIDEliza type set6nal eaelligeace game

SOUNDSOURCEStore mut in or voice from a cassette Tape in thecomputer and display it on the TV screenShorten it lengthen it modify it and replaythrough the TVs sound system Build and lestyour own sounds for games no hardware modsneeded

SPECTRALASSOCIATESP.O. BOX 99715Tacoma, Washington 984 99

WRITE FOR COMPLETE CATALOGADD 3k FOR SHIPPING Si CO fr,IMOT

Allow 2 3 ohs for de.,••,

(206) 565.8483VISA OR MASTERCARD ACCEPTED

• f tTFhO Ml.MORVFROM 15H to 32Is.

• 1007 Compatible WithF I e, ded Ras.,

• rm. So■de,.nq Or .P•14>d•hrailOr.• Fits Inside Computer

Space Invaders • 67995

• The Best Games Available• High Resolution Graphics• Fast, Machine Language• Ext. Basic Not Required■ 521.95 each, cassette• $25.95 each. disk

EXTENDED BASIC GAMES■ LOTHAR'S LABYRINTH)

Ward Search Puzzle■ BATTLEFLEET

Battleship Search Game (one ortwo players)

• SPACE TRADERSGalactic trading game

$ I 4.95/ea.

At Pall a complete desetiption ofthe 'guts of the Color ComputerSpecs on all the ICs completeschematics theory of operationand programming examples

Give your computer a voice of its own • buildspeech Ingo your BASIC programs Thrs machinelanguage prog•am is a muss for ',Cur lbws nohardware modrficahon needed $44 95

UTILITIES• EDITOR/ASSEMBLER $34.95• SUPER MONITOR 39.95• EPROM PROGRAMMER 89.95

(Program your own ROMs for the ROM-PAC port)

• MAGIC BOX 24.95Load MOO 111Tapes rap the color computer

• TYPING TUTOR 19.95• TEXT EDITOR

DEALER INQUIRIES INVITED

Old 95

Page 28MAIL Fros N. 27

95 IFM5=>10THENM5=097 IFM6='=10THENM6=099 L1=M61GOSUB113:MG$=LL$101 RETURN103 MAS=JS:MPS=JS:GOTO81105 MAV=14:MBS=ES:GOT081107 MAS=ES:M•S=JS:GOTOB1109 MAII=GS:MBS=ES:GOTOB1111 MAII=J4:MES=JS:M1=0:M2=M2+1:G0T081113 IFL1=0THEN115ELSEIFL1=1THEN1

17EL5EIFL1=2THEN119ELSEIFL1=3THEN121ELSEIFL14THEN123ELSEIFLI=5THEN125ELSEIFL1=6THEN127ELSEIFL1=7THEN129ELSEIFL1=6THEN131ELSEIFL1=9THEN133ELSEIFL1=%10THEN135115 LL$=,14:RETURN117 LLS=AS:RETURN119 LLS=BS:RETURN121 LLS=CS:RETURN123 US -a:D.:RETURN125 LLIOftES:RETURN127 LLS=FS:RETURN129 US...GS:RETURN131 LLS=HS.:RETURN133 LLS=1$:RETURN135 LLS=JS:RETURN137 PCLS139 CLSO:SCREEN0,0141 GOSUB295143 GOSUB261

145 FORI=OT0176STEP48:FORY=28TO12BSTEP20:PUT(1,Y)—(14-32,Y+8),S,PSET:NEXTY:NEXTI147 FORI=0TO180STEP60:BIS=STWI+20):DRAWSS11.1"+BIS+•,165:CSU2E3R12F3D2L4H2L6G2L4":PAINT(1+24,163)0319:NEXTI:SCREEN1,0149 FORI=1TOSR:DRAWS4BW-1-STR$(1264-(34*1))+" 9 18;C3"+GGS+NU2R13u:NEXTI151 FORI=0T076STEP4153 GOSUE297:IFPPOINT20+1,324-0)=1THEN157155 PUT(0+1,28+0)—(32+1,36+0),S,PSET157 IFPPOINT(20+1,52+0)=1THEN161159 PUT(0+1148+Q)—(32+1,56+u),s,PSET161 IFPPOINT(20+1,72+Q)=1THEN165163 PUT(01-1,66+Q)—(32+1,76+Q),S,PSET165 IFPPOINT(20+I,92+Gl)=1THEN169167 PUT(0+1,E04-0)—(32+1,96+Q),5 9

PSET169 IFPPOINT(20+1,1124Q)=1THEN173171 PUT(04-1,108+Q)—(324-1,116+0),S,PSET173 IFPPOINT(20+1,132+0)=1THEN177175 PUT(04-1,128+0)—(32+1,136+0),S,PSET

t Continued on Poe 29 )

MUM From Pg. 26

177 GOSUP297:G05UP253:IFPPOINT(68+I,32+Q)=1THEN181179 PUT(48+1,28+Q)-(80+I,36+Q),S,PSET181 IFPPOINT(68+1,52+Q)=1THEN185183 PUT(48+1,48+Q)-(80+1,56+Q),S,PSET185 IFPPOINT(68+1,72+0)=1THEN189187 PUT(48+1,68+0)-(80+1,76+Q),S,PSET189 IFPPOINT(68+1,92+0)=1THEN193191 PUT(48+1,88+Q)-(80+1,96+Q),S,PSET193 IFPPOINT(69+I,112+0)=1THEN197195 PUT(48+1,10841)-(80+1,116+0),S,PSET197 IFPPOINT(68+1,132+0)=1THEN201199 PUT(48+1,128+0)-(80+1,136+G),S,PSET201 GOSUP297:GOSUP253:IFPPOINT(116+I,32+G)=1THEN205203 PUT(96+I,28+Q)-(128+1,36+Q),S,PSET205 IFPPOINT(116+1,52+0)=1THEN209207 PUT(96+1,48+0)-(128+1,56+4.4),S,PSET209 IFPPOINT(116+1,72+0)=1THEN213211 PUT(96+I,68+Q)-(128+1,76+Q),S,PSET213 IFPPOINT(116+1,92+0)=ITHEN217215 PUT(96+1,88+Q)-(128+1,96+0),S,PSET217 IFPPOINT(116+1,112+Q)=1THEN221219 PUT(96+1,108+Q)-(128+I,116+Q),S,PSET221 IFPPOIN7(116+I,134+Q)=ITHEN225223 PUT(96+1,128+Q)-(128+1,136+Q),S,PSET225 GOSUE297:GOSUE253:IFPPOINT(164+I,32+0)=1THEN229227 PUT(144+I,28+Q)-(176+1,36+Q),S,PSET229 IFPPOINT(164+I,52+Q)=ITHEN233231 PUT(144+I,48+Q)-(176+1,56+Q),S,PSET233 IFPPOINT(164+I,72+Q)=1THEN237235 PUT(144+I,68+4)-(176+1,76+Q),S,PSET237 IFPPOINT(164+I,92+Q)=1THEN241239 PUT(144+1,88+Q)-(176+1,96+Q),S,PSET241 IFPPOINT(164+1,112+Q)=1THEN245243 PUT(144+I,108+Q)-(176+I,116+

G),S,PSET Page r245 IFPPOINT(164+I,132+G)=1THEN249247 PUT(144+1,128+Q)-(176+1,136+Q),S,PSET249 GOSUP253:NEXTI251 GOT0137253 IFPPOINT(Z+14,190)=1THEN307ELSEIFPPOINT(Z+19,190)=1THEN307ELSEIPPPOINT(Z+24,190)=1THEN307255 FORE=1T011:IFC=1THENGOSUF283257 IFW=ITHENGOSUB287259 NEXTP:IFW=1THENRETURN261 FORT=IT010263 WS=INKEY$265 IFWS=CHRVelTHENGOSU•273ELSEIFWS=CHR$(9)THENGOSUB277ELSEIFW$=CHR$(32)THENGOSUP•287267 NEXTT269 RETURN271 PCLS:GOT0151273 Z=Z-12:IFZ<=4THENZ=4275 GOSUB281:RETURN277 Z=Z+12:IFZ=)216THENZ=216279 GOSUB281:RETURN281 PUT(0+2,185)-(37+Z,192),F,PSET:RETURN283 PUT(Z+8,179-K)-(2+24,177-K),E,PSET:PUT(Z-4,185-K)-(2+39,175-10,E,PSET:LINE(Z-4,188-10-(2+39,174-K),PRESET,BF:SCREEN1,1:POKE65494,0:FORV=1T02:PLAY"V3105L255BCO3BC":NEXTV:POKE65495,0:5CREEN17 0:W=0:C=0:PSET(Z+19,183-h,1):K=0:M1=M1+1285 GOSUB295:RETURN287 W=1:PSET(I+19,183-h,1):R=h+6sIFPPOINT(Z+19,183-K)=2THENC=1ELSEIFPPOINT(Z+18,183-K)=2THENC=1ELSEIFPPOINT(Z+17,183-K)=2THENC=1289 PSET(Z+19,163-K,3):IFK=::156THEN293291 RETURN293 PSET(Z+19,1133-K,1):W=0:K=0:RETURN295 GOSUP.79:DRAWSBBM13,20;"+(4+MG$+0$+MF$+QS:DRAWMES+64+MDS+Gt$:DRAWMCS+0$+MAS+0$+MES:RETURN297 IFSP=1THEN302299 XB=RND(3):IFXF=3THEN301ELSERETURN301 SB=1:SC=RND(180)+35:RETURN302 IFPPOINT(SC,160)=1THENEL=192ELSEEL=165303 SB=0:DRAWS4W+STRVSC)+",144;C2"+GPS:POKE65494,0:PLAYGQ$:POKE65495,0:LINE(SC1146)-(SC,EL),PSET:PUT(SC-11,14L-18)-(SC+11,11L),E,PSET:LINE(SC-11,EL-18)-(SC+11IBL),PRESET,BF:SCREEN1,1:SCREENI,0:LINE(SC,146)-(SC,BL),PRESETIDRAW"Briu+STRVSC)+",1441C1"+GBV305 RETURN

(ContimmdomPage36)

Page 30

TURIN OFF THATMOTOR...F^ST

So you want to turn the motor of

your tape recorder on and off a lot,but really don't like to hassle withthe MOTOR ON and MOTOR OFF sequence

from the keyboard.And, for gosh sakes, it sure is

far too much trouble to keep an

plugging and unplugging that remotemini-plug all the time...like when

You want to rewind, move fast forward

or whatever.

Sorry, we really can't help you

turn the motor on any more quickly

than a simple MOTOR ON. Oh yes, you

can POKE into the MOTOR ON location,

but, frankly, its easier to remember

MOTOR ON than a POKE address.But, to turn the motor off once

its on, there is a super-simple way.Just create a syntax error. This can

be done by pressing any key and then

ENTER. You'll get a ?SN ERRORmessage on the screen, but the motor

will turn off, too.

Try it, you'll like it!

BAKER'S DOZEN SALEUNTIL FEBRUARY 28, 1982TO INTRODUCE OUR

CHEAP BLANKCOMPUTER TAPES

Specifically Designed for the Higher BaudRates of the Color and Mod Ill Computers

• Premium Tape• 100% Error Free

• Short Rewind• Mu Metal Shield

• Superior Five ScrewConstruction

12 + 1 FREE

24 + 2 FREEC-10

75C ea . 65C ea.

C-20

85C ea. 75C ea.

POSTAGE AND HANDLING $1.50OHIO RESIDENTS ADD 5.5% TAX

the little computer storeof cincinnati7785 ELBROOK

CINCINNATI, OHIO 452371513) 631-4555

93t tore Review

Pt R I CF AWA Yfik

Here is an inexpensive ($7, fromBritt Monk, CAP, P.O. Box 802,Elyria, OH 44036) "Breakaway"-typegame that can provide some enjoyment.

At the price, its a nice game.BRICKAWAY isn't as sophisticated asthe games you'll find in the arcades,

but it does have a number of the

features necessary to keep the wholething interesting.

What you have, essentially, is abrick wall across the top of the

screen with three rows of bricks. As

you break them down, your score

increases. And, if you make it

through and get your "ball" betweenthe wall and the top of the screen,

the ball bounces up and down very

quickly, with the score mounting.The paddle you use to hit the ball

is controlled by the right joystickand you can put some "English" on

your shots, sending the ball off in a

different direction. The ball cantake a strange bounce, too, when it

hits the edge of a brick. This means

there is some skill involved inplaying.

Author Monk has thoughtfully

displayed his own high score, giving

you something to shoot at. If you

do, though, you can't replace hishigh score with yours.

SNAIL From Pg. 29

307 FORDS=1T04:PUT(Z+8,184)-(Z+30,192),E,PSET:LINE(Z+8,184)-(Z+30,192),PRESET,EF:NEXTDS309 SR=SR-1

311 COLOR3,1:DRAWS4FM"+STR$(126

+(34*(1+5R)))+°,18;CIR+GG$+*U2R1

3":POKE65494,0:SOUND1,4:POKE654q

5,0:GOSUE281:IFSR=OTHEN313ELSE25

5313 SCREEN1,1:POKE65494,0:FORI=2

00T0205TEP-20:SOUNDI,1:NEXT315 FORI=1T01000:NEXT:RUN

317 ' 'SNAIL INVADERS" PY FREDP. SCERP.O AND DALE "SNAIL"

HAGGERTY,COPYRIGHT (C) 1982IMP, ILLUSTRATED MEMORYRANKS, PDX 299,WILLIAMSTOWN,

MA. 01267

ie.nr ear

The RAINBOW5B03 Timber Ridge Dr.Prospect, KY 40059

Gentlemen:YES! Sign me up for a one-year (12 issues) subscription to the RAINBOW. My $12

is enclosed.

Check enclosed $

(Canadian and foreign subscribers please addadditional mailing charge).

Charge my VISA account Mastercard account

CARD # EXP. DATESIGNATURE INTERBANK./

Name

Address

City State

Zip

Software Review Page 31

C 0 1._C}FtC(D

It seems like it gets easier andeasier to hook up with data bankslike CompuServe and BPS' like theColor Connection. And now, withCOLORCOM/E (Connection-80, 93-15 EriE.Drive, Woodhaven, NY, 11421, $49.95)its even easier than ever before.

We recall when 'they' told usthere was no way to print out fromthe Videotex program. A couple ofRAINBOW's authors solved that onemonths ago. Then we figured out howto download from a host computer totape, saving programs without havingto type them in all over again.

Now, another step. COLORCOM/Egives you the super convenience of aROM Cart to load the program and avery versatile program that can do alot of excellent things.

For example, you can print out theentire dialog between yourcomputer/terminal and a hostcomputer, or you can 'mark* certainareas to be printed, ignoring therea-t. Or you can use the same'marking' situation to save to tape.And all of this is done offline, whenit doesn't cost any money in connecttime.

COLORCOM/E also has truescrolling, either 12 or one lines ata time. That really makes it easynot only to find what you want, butto mark it for printing or saving.

There's also a word wrap mode,which eliminates split words if youlike, and easily-changed baud ratesto accomodate any host. And, there's

NO tape to fool with, the ROM Cartmakes this a very easy system withwhich to work.

Although there are a lot offeatures available with CC'LORCOM/E,the program is extremely easy tooperate. And this is helped by thedocumentation, which is really good.I had COLORCOM/E up and running infive minutes, and was saving to tapeand printer just as soon as I got offthe phone.

If you're interested incommunication, COLORCOM/E will be avaluable addition to your ColorComputer.

Pastr-H1 real GOOD DEAL

Cor-, A COLOR COMPUTER??

Due to a Special Purchase,we offer:

* 16K* Extended Color Basic* Full Radio Shack Warranty* New, In Carton

$4991-1R-1301*

COLO Ft CCDPIPILi -r

Send check, Money Order, Visa or MasterCard Number to:

CLIFF's COLOR CORNERRt, 4, Box 248Floyd's Knobs, IN 47119 flrade*ark, Tandy Corp.

Mn.,