Color Theory- s&A

8/4/2019 Color Theory- s&A

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Color Theory


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Color Methods

When painting, an artist has a variety of paintsto choose from, and mixed colors areachieved through the subtractive colormethod. When a designer is utilizing thecomputer to generate digital media, colors areachieved with the additive color method.


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Primary colors

Irreducible components of color Combinations of the 3 primaries produce

entire (infinite) spectrum of color

LIGHTOPAQUEPIGMENTS

TRANSPARENTPIGMENTS/INKS


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Subtractive Color Subtractive Color. When we mix colors using paint, or

through the printing process, we are using thesubtractive color method. Subtractive color mixingmeans that one begins with white and ends withblack; as one adds color, the result gets darker and

tends to black.

The CMYK color systemis the color system usedfor printing.

Those colors used inpaintingan exampleof the subtractivecolor method.


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SUBTRACTIVE primarycolors of pigments

SUBTRACTIVE mixture involves the absorption (orsubtraction) of spectral components (pigments and dyes)


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Yellow

Red Blue

Orange

Violet

Green

SUBTRACTIVE primarycolors of OPAQUEPIGMENTS


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Yellow

Magenta Cyan

Red

Blue

Green

SUBTRACTIVE primarycolors of TRANSPARENTPIGMENTS/INKS

CMYK color of printing


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CMYK Reproducing color can be problematic with regard to

printed digital media, because what we see is notwhat we get.

Although a monitor may be able to display 'true color'

(16,000,000 colors), millions of these colors areoutside of the spectrum available to printers.

Working within the CMYK color system, or choosingcolors from Pantone palettes insures proper colorrendering.


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Additive Color Additive Color. If we are working on a

computer, the colors we see on the screen arecreated with light using the additive colormethod. Additive color mixing begins with

black and ends with white; as more color isadded, the result is lighter and tends to white.


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A computer monitor pixel is composed of 3 subpixels (each a tiny transistor) with red, green, and bluefilters. Through the careful control and variation of the voltage applied, the intensity of each subpixel can

range over 256 levels (black =0, white=255). Combining the subpixels produces a possible palette of16.8 million colors (256 shades of red x 256 shades of green x 256 shades of blue).


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Photoshop RGB and CMYK ColorSliders


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Electronic (RGB) and Pigment Based Color(CMYK)

(RGB) A LCD screen starts out black;light is added to the screen indiffering amounts to create color. Themore light from the red, green, and

blue phosphors that is added, thebrighter and lighter the screenbecomes. Therefore, when you have0% intensity of red, green, and bluethe screen is black and when youhave 100% intensity of the red, green,

(CMYK) When use pigments, you adddiffering amounts of paint to create

color. The more pigment you add, thedarker your color usually becomes.0% pigment is white, at 100% pigment(or you have mixed together pigmentsthat absorb every wavelength ofvisible light) you have black.


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RGB vsCMYK

RGB: colors of computer monitors; colors appear brighter,more vibrant

CMYK: colors of transparent inks in 4 process printing;many RGB colors, cannot be printed in CMYK inks.

RGB CMYK

Orthodoxy: RGB images must be converted to CMYK

prior to 4-process printing. Work in CMYK for printing.


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Additive & Subtractivecolors areCOMPLEMENTARY

G

B

RC

Y

M

Additive Subtractiv

e

Y ll


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Yellow

Red Blue

Subtractive primary colors

(pigments)

Primary

Y ll


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Yellow

Red Blue

Orange Green

Violet

Secondary

Y ll


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Yellow

Red Blue

Orange Green

Violet

Yellow-orange Yellow-green

Red-orange Blue-green

Red-violet Blue-violet

Tertiary

Y ll


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Yellow

Red Blue

Orange Green

Violet

Yellow-orange Yellow-green

Red-orange Blue-green

Red-violet Blue-violet

Color Wheel


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Rules ofHarmony

M h i


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Monochromatic

A l


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Analogous

C l t


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Complementary

S lit


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Splitcomplementary

A l


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Analogouscomplementary

D bl


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Doublecomplementarytetradic

T i di


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Triadic

Tetradic


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Tetradic

Yellow


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Yellow

Red Blue

Orange Green

Violet

Hue


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Saturation

white


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Brightness

black


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Hue, saturation, brightness spectrum

http://livedocs.adobe.com/en_US/Photoshop/10.0/WSAAFD9CC8-831E-4593-8694-B39919F72A26.html

Temperature


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Warm Cool

Temperature


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Warm and cool colors

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Color Theory- s&A