Columbus’s Impact

8/3/2019 Columbuss Impact

1/16

Click to edit Master subtitle style

4/22/12

Columbuss Impact

4/22/12 11


2/16

4/22/12

The Columbian Exchange

The long-termimpact and effects ofColumbus's voyagesto the Americas were

both good and bad. Columbus's journeys

started a new era of

transatlantic tradeknown as theColumbianExchange.

4/22/12 22


3/16

4/22/12

European ships returned with exciting new foodsfrom the Americas--peanuts, pineapples, andtomatoes.

One new item, cocoa, set off a craze in Europe.

Another food, the potato, became the new food ofEurope's poor, helping to save them from

starvation.

4/22/12 33


4/16

4/22/12

Columbian Exchange

Europeans brought to the Americas cropssuch as wheat, and domesticated animalssuch as the cow and the horse.

They brought firearms and the wheel andaxle, technologies that Native Americans didnot have.

Finally, Europeans introduced their cultureto the Americas, including European laws,languages, and customs.

4/22/12 44


5/16

4/22/12

4/22/12 55


6/16

4/22/12

Native Americans Devastated

The arrival of the Europeans to the Americaswas misery for the Native Americans.

The greatest source of this misery was

disease. European diseases to the Americas:

Smallpox

Measles

Chicken Pox

Malaria

4/22/12 66


7/16

4/22/12

Europeans Gain Wealth

Many Europeans believed that the diseasesthat ravaged the Native Americanpopulation was a sign that God favored

Europeans over Native Americans. God had sent Europeans to conquer the

Americas.

4/22/12 77

E i


8/16

4/22/12

Europeans ain

Wealth

The rival nations ofEurope all wanted togain land and wealth.

The Portugueseresented Spain's claimto the WesternHemisphere because

Spain used Portuguesetechnology forColumbuss voyages.

Portugal, therefore, sent4/22/12 88


9/16

4/22/12

In 1494, at the urging of Pope Alexander,Portugal and Spain signed the Treaty ofTordesillas.

Under the treaty, the two countries divided alllands on Earth not already claimed by otherChristians.

4/22/12 99


10/16

4/22/12

Treaty of Tordesillas

They did this bydrawing animaginary linearound the world

called the Line ofDemarcation.

Spain would rule

lands west of theline-most of theAmericas.

Portugal would-4/22/12 1010

T t f


11/16

4/22/12

Treaty of

Tordesillas

The effects of this 500-year-old treaty can beseen today.

People in most of SouthAmerica, the part givento Spain, speak Spanish.

In Brazil, the area setaside for Portugal, mostpeople speak Portuguese

4/22/12 1111


12/16

4/22/12

Europe Increases Wealth

In the 1500s France, England,and the Netherlands began tomove into North America.

In the first century afterColumbus's voyage, theamount of gold and silver in

Europe's economy increased by8x

This gold came from the mines

in the Americas.4/22/12 1212


13/16

4/22/12

Africans Enslaved

To supply theAmerican foods thatEuropeans demanded,Portugal and Spain

establishedplantations

Plantation--large

farming operationthat produced cropsnot for use but forsale.

4/22/12 1313


14/16

4/22/12

Africans Enslaved

At first, soldiers kidnappedNative Americans andforced them to work on the

plantations. Unaccustomed to that type

of work and weakened by

disease, these slaves did notprovide a reliable laborforce.

Europeans then turned to4/22/12 1414


15/16

4/22/12

Africans Enslaved

In 1517, the first enslavedAfricans arrived in theAmericas.

The need for labor in theAmericas turned theslave trade into anindustry.

From West Africa,Europeans began tradingfor slaves.

4/22/12 1515


16/16

4/22/12

Africans Enslaved The West Africans

who were forced intoslavery generallyincluded thehealthiest people-

could handle theconditions.

9 to 11 million total

slaves were importedto the Americas.

Mere numbers

cannot portray the4/22/12 1616

Documents

Columbus’s Impact