CultureCultureCh 2

What is culture?What is culture?Specialized lifestyle of a

particular group shared through communication◦Beliefs◦Knowledge◦Values◦Customs◦Behaviors◦Artifacts

Ways we learn cultureWays we learn cultureEnculturationAcculturation

Differences in cultureDifferences in cultureIndividual vs Collective

OrientationHigh context vs Low contextHigh vs Low Power DistanceMasculine vs FeminineHigh vs Low Ambiguity ToleranceLong-term vs Short-term

orientationIndulgence vs Restraint

Think of these as Think of these as continuumcontinuum ------------------------------------------- Individualist

Collectivist  ------------------------------------------Masculine Feminine

Individual vs CollectiveIndividual vs CollectiveWhich set of values is

emphasized in a culture? Individual or group?

High vs Low-ContextHigh vs Low-ContextHow clear and explicit is the

communication in this culture?

High vs Low Power High vs Low Power DistanceDistanceHow is power distributed in the

culture?

Masculine vs FeminineMasculine vs FeminineWhat is the culture’s attitude

about gender roles?

High vs Low-Ambiguity-High vs Low-Ambiguity-ToleranceToleranceHow threatened are members of

the culture by unknown situations?

Long vs Short-term Long vs Short-term orientationorientationAre members of the culture more

focused on the future or the present?

Indulgence vs RestraintIndulgence vs RestraintDoes the culture emphasize or

discourage freedom of choice and leisure activities?

Effective Intercultural Effective Intercultural CommunicationCommunicationDefine “Intercultural

Communication”◦Model pg 43

Education◦Reduce uncertainty

Recognize differences◦Stereotyping◦Ethnocentrism

Understand Culture shockUnderstand Culture shockHoneymoonCrisisRecoveryAdjustment