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COMBAT SUPPORT AND COMBAT SERVICE SUPPORT Under the Program Executive Office for Combat Support & Combat Service Support (PEO CS&CSS), project man- agers, together with their reporting prod- uct managers and product directors, are responsible for Army systems and some joint service programs across all phases of their life cycle. Program phases fall into the areas of: pre-systems acquisition (concept refine- ment or technology development), gener- ally consisting of research and develop- ment programs and prior to a Milestone B; systems acquisition (between Milestone B and full materiel release); systems after full materiel release (in production and fielding phases); and two types of sustain- ment (operations and support)—systems that have completed fielding, are no longer in production and are managed di- rectly by the project manager and systems that have completed fielding, are no longer in production and are managed by an Army Materiel Command commodity command, but for which the PM is the life- cycle manager. PEO CS&CSS Project Managers include: Project Manager Force Projection, Project Manager Joint Combat Support Systems, Project Manager Tactical Vehicles and Pro- ject Manager Mine Resistant Ambush Pro- tected Vehicles. A representative sampling of their programs follows: Project Manager Force Projection The Project Manager Force Projection (PM FP) encompasses the Product Director Army Watercraft Systems (PD AWS), Product Manager Bridging, Product Man- ager Combat Engineer/Material Handling Equipment (PM CE/MHE), Product Man- ager Force Sustainment Systems (PM FSS), Product Manager Petroleum and Water Systems (PM PAWS), and Product Director Non-Standard Vehicles (PD NSV). Product Director for Army Watercraft Systems With an understated motto of “Sail Army,” the Product Director for Army Watercraft Systems (PD AWS) provides “a flexible and responsive fleet, projecting and sustaining America’s forces through the 21st century.” PD AWS is responsible for the life-cycle management of Army wa- tercraft. This includes engineering, pro- duction, fielding, initial logistics support and modernization/modification of the Army’s fleet of watercraft and associated support equipment, all of which enable the warfighter to rapidly project and sustain the nation’s armed forces. The Logistics Support Vessel (LSV) provides worldwide transportation of combat vehicles and sustainment cargo. The 313-foot LSV class vessel, designed to carry 2,280 tons of deck cargo, has a beam of 60 feet and a molded depth of 19 feet. It provides intratheater movement to remote underdeveloped coastlines and inland wa- terways. The LSV is the primary joint lo- gistics over-the-shore (JLOTS) vessel. It also assists in unit deployment and reloca- tion. The LSV fleet service life-extension program includes changes to command, control, communication, computers, intel- ligence, surveillance and reconnaissance (C4ISR) and integrated bridge systems, hull and engineering systems, and force protection upgrades as well as improve- ments to crew messing and living spaces and deck equipment. The Landing Craft Utility (LCU) 2000 provides worldwide transport of combat vehicles and sustainment cargo. It also supports intratheater and tactical resupply. The LCU 2000 has a length of 174 feet, beam of 42 feet and loaded draft of 9 feet. The LCU 2000 can carry 350 tons of deck cargo. The LCU 2000 fleet is nearing com- pletion of a C4ISR upgrade, which pro- vides state-of-the-art communication equipment, navigational equipment and safety of life-at-sea electronics. The Large Tug (LT) 128’ is used for transocean/coastal towing operations and for assisting with the docking/undocking of large ships. The LT 128’ is outfitted to provide salvage, rescue and firefighting assistance to other vessels and shore in- stallations on a limited basis. The LT 128’ fleet recently completed an extensive mod- ification program, which included lower- ing the pilothouse and upgrading the fuel tank systems and bow fendering. The 900 Class Small Tug (ST) mission is to move logistical supplies and equipment in harbor and inland waterways. The small tug also provides the capability to assist larger tugs in docking and undock- ing all types of ships and watercraft and can be used in routine harbor utility work. The Landing Craft Mechanized (LCM8), used in utility work, features a specialized Mod 2 program. This provides additional capabilities of command and control, per- sonnel transfer and light salvage. The Modular Causeway System (MCS) provides a means of moving cargo from ship to shore across unimproved beaches in areas of the world where fixed port fa- cilities are unavailable, denied or other- wise unacceptable. MCS sections are Inter- national Organization for Standards (ISO)- compatible modules. Four configurations are derived from basic modules: roll-on/ roll-off discharge facility, causeway ferry, floating causeway (FC), and the warping tug. The Barge Derrick (BD) Crane 115 Ton is used primarily for discharging heavy loads beyond the capacity of a ship’s gear and assisting in salvage operations. The crane provides the lift and reach needed to discharge the heaviest of the projected Army cargo—the M1A2 main battle tank—from the centerline of the large, medium speed roll-on/roll-off ships. The Product Director for Army Water- craft Systems (PD AWS) is committed to developing, acquiring, fielding and sus- taining highly capable equipment that meets emerging watercraft requirements. The Army watercraft community provides a variety of systems and platforms that operate in geographical environments bounded, influenced and accessed by ports, littorals and waterways. Army Wa- tercraft Systems provide critical capabili- ties that support full spectrum land com- bat operations by extending the ground commander’s available maneuver space. These functions include the capability to conduct amphibious and riverine opera- tions and providing logistics support to joint operations and campaigns including joint over-the-shore operations and in- tratheater transport of time-sensitive, mis- sion-critical personnel and materiel. The watercraft solutions documented in the current Army Watercraft Systems Strategy are designed to provide capability to ma- 344 ARMY October 2011 Logistics support vessel (LSV) U.S. Navy/MC3 Kristin L. Grover

COMBAT SUPPORT AND Product Director for Army … · responsible for Army systems and some ... Non-Standard Vehicles ... and shelter systems consisting of shelters, heaters,

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COMBAT SUPPORT ANDCOMBAT SERVICE SUPPORT

Under the Program Executive Officefor Combat Support & Combat ServiceSupport (PEO CS&CSS), project man-agers, together with their reporting prod-uct managers and product directors, areresponsible for Army systems and somejoint service programs across all phases oftheir life cycle.Program phases fall into the areas of:

pre-systems acquisition (concept refine-ment or technology development), gener-ally consisting of research and develop-ment programs and prior to a Milestone B;systems acquisition (between Milestone Band full materiel release); systems afterfull materiel release (in production andfielding phases); and two types of sustain-ment (operations and support)—systemsthat have completed fielding, are nolonger in production and are managed di-rectly by the project manager and systemsthat have completed fielding, are nolonger in production and are managed byan Army Materiel Command commoditycommand, but for which the PM is the life-cycle manager.PEO CS&CSS Project Managers include:

Project Manager Force Projection, ProjectManager Joint Combat Support Systems,Project Manager Tactical Vehicles and Pro-ject Manager Mine Resistant Ambush Pro-tected Vehicles. A representative samplingof their programs follows:

Project Manager Force ProjectionThe Project Manager Force Projection

(PM FP) encompasses the Product DirectorArmy Watercraft Systems (PD AWS),Product Manager Bridging, Product Man-ager Combat Engineer/Material HandlingEquipment (PM CE/MHE), Product Man-ager Force Sustainment Systems (PM FSS),Product Manager Petroleum and WaterSystems (PM PAWS), and Product DirectorNon-Standard Vehicles (PD NSV).

Product Director for Army WatercraftSystemsWith an understated motto of “Sail

Army,” the Product Director for ArmyWatercraft Systems (PD AWS) provides“a flexible and responsive fleet, projectingand sustaining America’s forces throughthe 21st century.” PD AWS is responsiblefor the life-cycle management of Army wa-tercraft. This includes engineering, pro-duction, fielding, initial logistics supportand modernization/modification of theArmy’s fleet of watercraft and associatedsupport equipment, all of which enable thewarfighter to rapidly project and sustainthe nation’s armed forces. The Logistics Support Vessel (LSV)

provides worldwide transportation ofcombat vehicles and sustainment cargo.The 313-foot LSV class vessel, designed tocarry 2,280 tons of deck cargo, has a beamof 60 feet and a molded depth of 19 feet. Itprovides intratheater movement to remoteunderdeveloped coastlines and inland wa-terways. The LSV is the primary joint lo-gistics over-the-shore (JLOTS) vessel. Italso assists in unit deployment and reloca-tion. The LSV fleet service life-extensionprogram includes changes to command,control, communication, computers, intel-ligence, surveillance and reconnaissance(C4ISR) and integrated bridge systems,hull and engineering systems, and forceprotection upgrades as well as improve-ments to crew messing and living spacesand deck equipment.The Landing Craft Utility (LCU) 2000

provides worldwide transport of combatvehicles and sustainment cargo. It alsosupports intratheater and tactical resupply.The LCU 2000 has a length of 174 feet,beam of 42 feet and loaded draft of 9 feet.The LCU 2000 can carry 350 tons of deckcargo. The LCU 2000 fleet is nearing com-pletion of a C4ISR upgrade, which pro-vides state-of-the-art communicationequipment, navigational equipment andsafety of life-at-sea electronics.

The Large Tug (LT) 128’ is used fortransocean/coastal towing operations andfor assisting with the docking/undockingof large ships. The LT 128’ is outfitted toprovide salvage, rescue and firefightingassistance to other vessels and shore in-stallations on a limited basis. The LT 128’fleet recently completed an extensive mod-ification program, which included lower-ing the pilothouse and upgrading the fueltank systems and bow fendering.The 900 Class Small Tug (ST)mission is

to move logistical supplies and equipmentin harbor and inland waterways. Thesmall tug also provides the capability toassist larger tugs in docking and undock-ing all types of ships and watercraft andcan be used in routine harbor utility work.The Landing Craft Mechanized (LCM8),

used in utility work, features a specializedMod 2 program. This provides additionalcapabilities of command and control, per-sonnel transfer and light salvage.TheModular Causeway System (MCS)

provides a means of moving cargo fromship to shore across unimproved beachesin areas of the world where fixed port fa-cilities are unavailable, denied or other-wise unacceptable. MCS sections are Inter-national Organization for Standards (ISO)-compatible modules. Four configurationsare derived from basic modules: roll-on/roll-off discharge facility, causeway ferry,floating causeway (FC), and the warpingtug.The Barge Derrick (BD) Crane 115 Ton

is used primarily for discharging heavyloads beyond the capacity of a ship’s gearand assisting in salvage operations. Thecrane provides the lift and reach needed todischarge the heaviest of the projectedArmy cargo—the M1A2 main battletank—from the centerline of the large,medium speed roll-on/roll-off ships.The Product Director for Army Water-

craft Systems (PD AWS) is committed todeveloping, acquiring, fielding and sus-taining highly capable equipment thatmeets emerging watercraft requirements.The Army watercraft community providesa variety of systems and platforms that operate in geographical environmentsbounded, influenced and accessed byports, littorals and waterways. Army Wa-tercraft Systems provide critical capabili-ties that support full spectrum land com-bat operations by extending the groundcommander’s available maneuver space.These functions include the capability toconduct amphibious and riverine opera-tions and providing logistics support tojoint operations and campaigns includingjoint over-the-shore operations and in-tratheater transport of time-sensitive, mis-sion-critical personnel and materiel. Thewatercraft solutions documented in thecurrent Army Watercraft Systems Strategyare designed to provide capability to ma-

344 ARMY � October 2011

Logistics supportvessel (LSV)

U.S. N

avy/MC3 Kristin L. G

rover

neuver in all tactical and operational envi-ronments; to rapidly make the transitionbetween operations, missions and engage-ments; to support decentralized forces;and to rapidly deploy and sustain forces,equipment and materiel to multiple loca-tions worldwide. Efforts to develop Armywatercraft capability for the future will fo-cus on the creation and maintenance of anArmy watercraft portfolio that delivers thespeed, agility and operational payloadneeded to maneuver operationally readyforces and provide commanders with theability to deliver combat power at the timeand place of their choosing.

Product Manager BridgingThe Product Manager Bridging is com-

mitted to developing, acquiring, fieldingand sustaining gap-crossing solutions thatmeet the warfighters’ requirements. PMBridging works with other defense organi-zations on a range of existing and emergingbridging systems including the WolverineHeavy Assault Bridge (HAB), Armored Ve-hicle Launched Bridge (AVLB), ImprovedRibbon Bridge (IRB), Bridge Erection Boat(BEB), Common Bridge Transporter (CBT),Rapidly Emplaced Bridge System (REBS),Dry Support Bridge (DSB) system, M3Medium Girder Bridge (MGB), Joint As-sault Bridge (JAB), Assault Breacher Vehicle(ABV), Improved Boat Cradle (IBC), BridgeAdapter Pallet (BAP) and Line of Commu-nication Bridge (LOCB). The Dry SupportBridge system and the Improved RibbonBridge provide representative examples.The Dry Support Bridge (DSB) pro-

vides the Army with assault and supportbridging for gaps of up to 40 meters. TheDSB replaces the outdated, manpower-and time-intensive medium girder bridge(MGB) with a mechanical system capableof emplacing a 40-meter bridge with 14soldiers in 90 minutes or less. In addition,the DSB will improve current bridge load-carrying capacity, raising it to militaryload classification (MLC) 96 for wheeledtraffic, such as an M1 tank uploaded on aheavy equipment transporter. The DSB isdesigned for transportation as a palletizedload by the CBT, palletized load system(PLS) trailers or service support unitsequipped with PLS trucks. Testing is un-der way to increase the length to 46 me-ters.Assault bridging and gap crossing are

supported by the Assault Breacher Vehicle(ABV), which provides an in-stride com-plex-obstacle-breaching capability basedon the M1A1 Abrams tank hull for Heavybrigade combat teams (HBCT). The M104Wolverine Heavy Assault Bridge system isa legacy bridge system using the M1A2SEP platform to horizontally launch andrecover a 26-meter bridge under armor.Thirty-six low-rate initial production sys-tems were procured before the program

was terminated in 2000. The Joint AssaultBridge program will provide an M1A1-based platform to launch and recover thelegacy Armored Vehicle Launched Bridge(AVLB) scissor bridge and replace AVLBlaunchers in combat engineer units. TheRapidly Emplaced Bridge System (REBS)provides bridging capability to StrykerBCTs.

Product Manager Combat Engineer/Material Handling Equipment The Product Manager Combat Engi-

neer/Material Handling Equipment (PMCE/MHE) coordinates and supports awide range of combat engineer and ma-teriel handling equipment. Program exam-

ples include new systems like the High-Mobility Engineer Excavator, EngineerMission Module-Water Distributor, PavingMachine, Backhoe Loaders, Hydraulic Ex-cavators, Light and Medium Dozers, Lightand Heavy Loaders, Grader, Asphalt Mix-ing Plants, Route Remediation Equipment,Enhanced Rapid Airfield and ConstructionCapability, Route Clearance and Interroga-tion Systems, and Skid Steer Loaders.These programs support the current engi-neer forces within Stryker, Heavy and In-fantry brigade combat teams, engineersupport companies, vertical and horizon-tal companies, asphalt and concrete teams,and multirole bridge companies. PMCE/MHE also supports the Transporta-

October 2011 � ARMY 345

tion, Quartermaster, Medical, Aviation,and Military Police Corps.The High-Mobility Engineer Excavator

(HMEE-I) is a nondevelopmental militaryvehicle that will be fielded to the Army’sbrigade combat teams and other selectedengineer units, replacing the Small Em-placement Excavator (SEE), whose life cy-cle ended in fiscal year (FY) 2005. The highmobility of the HMEE-I provides an earth-moving machine capable of maintainingpace with the Army’s current and futurecombat systems. The HMEE-I is a diesel-engine-driven,

self-propelled, four-wheel-drive vehicle witha hydraulically operated front-mountedloader bucket and a hydraulically oper-ated rear-mounted backhoe bucket. TheHMEE-I has a 1.5-cubic-yard front-loaderbucket, a 0.28-cubic-yard backhoe bucket,a 14-foot digging depth and a climate-con-trolled cab. The HMEE-I was designed to

maintain pace with maneuver units and hasa top speed of 60 mph. Another recently emerging activity with

a broad range of engineering applicationsinvolves the development of Engineer Mis-sion Modules. Permanently mounted onstandard logistics flatracks, the modulesare loaded via truck load-handling equip-ment, which allows drivers to configuretheir systems for a specific mission. By us-ing fewer trucks and more modules, theconcept provides a cost-effective means ofmodernizing the fleet of engineer construc-tion equipment. PLS flatrack configura-tions in production include the M5 bitumi-nous distributor, which has a capacity of2,800 gallons; the M6 concrete mobilemixer, which has a capacity of 5 cubicyards when used on the PLS truck or trailerand 8 cubic yards when used on theground as a batch plant; and the M6 dumpbody, which has a capacity of 12 to 14 cubicyards. Currently under development arethe XM9 2,000-gallon water distributor foruse with the Heavy Expanded MobilityTactical Truck-Load Handling System(HEMTT-LHS) and the XM10 3,000-gallonwater distributor for use with the PLStruck. Other modules under considerationinclude a fuel module, a well-drilling sys-tem and a chemical decontamination unit.

Product Manager Force SustainmentSystemsThe Product Manager Force Sustain-

ment Systems (PM FSS) has life-cycle man-agement responsibility for cargo aerial de-livery equipment, field feeding and fieldservices systems, Force Provider base camp,and shelter systems consisting of shelters,heaters, and camouflage netting.The Joint Precision Air Drop System

(JPADS) is a family of systems. The JointPrecision Air Drop System 2,400 pounds(JPADS 2K) has recently been type classi-fied and is presently being fielded to au-thorized units. It allows conventional mili-

tary aircraft to accurately drop sensors,munitions, and/or a huge range of sup-plies onto the battlefield while minimizingthe risk to aircraft and the possibility of en-emy detection of aircraft drop zones. Thesystems use gliding parachute decelera-tors, global positioning system (GPS)-based guidance, navigation and control,weather data assimilation and an airdropmission-planning tool to deliver cargowith near-pinpoint accuracy. The firstcombat JPADS cargo airdrop took place atthe end of August 2006. Based upon the-ater feedback, increased capabilities arebeing incorporated to reduce the retro-grade burden and provide terrain avoid-ance and even greater accuracy. The JointPrecision Air Drop System 10,000 pounds(JPADS 10K) is currently in developmentand testing. JPADS 10K production is ex-pected to start in FY 2012.The Low Cost Aerial Delivery System

(LCADS) is another family of aerial deliv-ery products that are on the opposite endof the technology spectrum from JPADS.By means of simplified designs and use ofcommercially available low-cost materials,PM FSS has fielded an array of expendableparachutes and containers. These para-chute and container assemblies are a cost-effective means of battlefield resupply andhumanitarian aid. Purpose-built for one-time use, these items are uniquely suitedfor employment in combat environmentswhere the recovery of aerial deliveryequipment is either impractical or putssoldiers at risk. At 50 percent less cost thanlegacy aerial delivery equipment, LCADSprovides tangible savings. In addition, be-cause LCADS parachutes come prepackedfrom the manufacturer, there is no need forskilled parachute riggers to maintain andprepare this equipment. This reduces para-chute rigger manpower requirements, re-sulting in a smaller logistics footprint inthe theater of operations. The LCADS LowVelocity version is currently the highestdemand cargo parachute for theater, withrecent user demand averaging 3,000 unitsper month. The Multi-Temperature Refrigerated

Container System (MTRCS) provides thecapability to transport and store refriger-ated and frozen products in a single con-tainer. The MTRCS will be used by quar-termaster subsistence platoons at corpslevel and by brigade combat teams to sup-port ration distribution and storage. TheMTRCS consists of an insulated 8-foot by8-foot by 20-foot ISO container with an en-gine-driven refrigeration unit that will al-low operation on the move. Two compart-ments inside the container are separatedby a moveable partition, allowing the con-tainer to be tailored to the specific load.The result is more efficient space utiliza-tion and reduced transportation require-ments. The MTRCS is constructed to inter-

346 ARMY � October 2011

Low cost aerialdelivery system

(LCADS)

face directly with the HEMTT-LHS fortransport. Fielding of the MTRCS was ini-tiated in September 2010.For the field services area, the Mobile

Integrated Remains Collection System(MIRCS) transforms mortuary affairs op-erations by providing a system that is re-sponsive, deployable, agile, versatile andsustainable. The MIRCS provides a mobilefacility for the initial processing and stor-age of human remains on the battlefield. Itis a self-contained, expandable, ISO-com-patible shelter with a receiving/processingarea, administrative area, refrigerated stor-age for 16 remains and storage for opera-tional supplies. It has an onboard powergenerator and freshwater and wastewaterstorage areas, and includes all componentsnecessary to deploy, move and operate insupport of the full spectrum of militaryand peacetime disaster-support opera-tions. The MIRCS is constructed to inter-face directly with the HEMTT-LHS fortransport. Fielding of the MIRCS was initi-ated in September 2010.In response to the needs of the war-

fighter and combatant commanders, theForce Provider Base Camp System, ini-tially developed as a deployable rest andrecreation system, has been repurposedinto an expeditionary base camp for sus-tainment of the soldier on the front lines,becoming affectionately known as the

Army’s “home away from home.” The ex-peditionary configuration features a 600-person module in component sets that canbe divided into four equal company-sizesubmodules. It incorporates the use of anair-beam-supported Tent, Extendable, Mod-ular Personnel (TEMPER) shelter, and TRI-CON-based hygiene, laundry and feedingsystems. The four equal submodules enablethe commander to deploy 150 personnel tofour separate locations without sacrificingany capability. This gives the commandergreat flexibility in deciding where to basecombat power. The air-beam TEMPER shel-ters make setting up the billeting and ad-ministration tents easy, reducing the time ittakes to establish an entire 600-person campfrom weeks to just a few days. The tent’s airbeams are inflated with an air compressor,similar to filling an automobile tire with air;it takes less than 30 minutes to set up eachtent. In addition, other recently incorpo-rated features provide the ability to trans-port by air all necessary equipment for acomplete 150-person camp in a single C-17aircraft. After reaching its final destination,the submodule can be fully operational inless than four hours with a trained crew ofeight personnel, providing quality latrine,shower, laundry, billeting and feeding facil-ities for the warfighter.PM FSS has sponsored and initiated a

collaborative effort to explore off-the-shelf

solutions and emerging technologies thatcould be deployed immediately to im-prove the energy, water and waste effi-ciency and reduce environmental risks oflife-support areas outfitted with ForceProvider modular equipment sets at tacti-cal small-unit base camps. Specific areas offocus include improved environmental lin-ers and shade for shelters, energy-efficientrigid wall shelters, wastewater treatmentand reuse, smart power distribution andwaste-to-energy systems.The Army’s Base Camp Systems Inte-

gration Laboratory (SIL), managed andoperated by PM FSS, will enable the Armyand the joint services to evaluate futuretechnologies in a live soldier environment,providing solutions to reduce the energydemand and logistical burden on basecamps in Afghanistan. The 4-acre SIL, lo-cated at Fort Devens, Mass., is fully instru-mented to measure water, fuel and powerusage; forging the path for increased en-ergy efficiency and base camp commonal-ity. Improving our soldiers’ quality of lifeand better facilitating the missions of unitsat base camps are just some of the SIL’s ob-jectives.

Product Manager Petroleum andWater Systems (PAWS)The Product Manager Petroleum and

Water Systems (PAWS) is responsible for a

October 2011 � ARMY 347

range of petroleum laboratories, petro-leum storage and distribution systems,water purification and treatment systems,and water storage and distribution sys-tems.The Petroleum Quality Analysis System-

Enhanced (PQAS-E) is a fully integratedfuel laboratory installed in an environmen-tally controlled ISO shelter, mounted on anXCK2000E1 trailer with support equip-ment, supplies and a tent. The PQAS-E is acomplete petroleum laboratory capable ofB-2 level testing on kerosene-based anddiesel fuels. System software provides aninformation database/expert system forthe technician to consult in interpreting testresults and in making recommendationsfor the disposition of fuels. Data acquisi-tion equipment includes a modem that al-lows the PQAS-E to quickly transmit testresults. The tent structure serves as a cus-tomer service area where samples can bereceived, logged and stored prior to pro-cessing. The Modular Fuel System (MFS) is a

key enabler for petroleum distribution op-erations in modular force brigade combatteams and support brigades and was devel-oped specifically for use with the PalletizedLoad System (PLS) and the Heavy Ex-panded Mobility Tactical Truck (HEMTT)-Load Handling System (LHS). The MFScapitalizes on PLS/LHS enhanced mobility,speed of download and multicommoditycapabilities. The flexibility of the MFS,which includes 14 ISO-certified 2,500-gal-lon capacity tankrack modules (TRM) andtwo 600-gallon-per-minute pumprack mod-ules (PRM), allows for multiple modes ofoperation to distribute fuel. The MFS is arapidly deployable and recoverable fuelstorage/distribution system able to receive,store and issue fuels on the battlefield. The

system has a 35,000-gallon capacity. Thesystem can be manifolded and placed intooperation in one hour or less using fourtrained 92F personnel. It can also be disas-sembled and packed for transport in onehour or less. Each TRM has onboard stor-age compartments for hoses, nozzles, fireextinguishers and grounding rods. EachPRM has a diesel-engine-driven centrifugalpump, filter separator, sufficient hoses, re-fueling nozzles, valves, fittings and an aux-iliary pump for gravity discharge opera-tions, and fittings to establish eight retailand/or bulk dispensing points (total of 16points per system). The system can also befitted with a fuel additive injector. TheArmy does not have any legacy storage/distribution system that can compare to theincreased mobility, capability, compatibility,maintainability, sustainability and perfor-mance of the MFS. The TRM can also beused in conjunction with the HEMTTTanker. This configuration enables brigadesto carry and distribute their required fuelsupply while minimizing personnel andprime movers. The Fuel System Supply Point (FSSP)

consists of fabric storage tanks of varioussizes, pumps, filter separators, fittings andhoses. The systems are containerized inISO-compatible modules. The FSSP is theprimary system for receiving, storing andissuing fuel within a theater of operation

and can be tailored to situational require-ments. The FSSP has the flexibility to pro-vide storage and delivery of fuel for a fewthousand to hundreds of thousands of gal-lons. It is capable of rapid emplacementand recovery and can be transported to theoperational site by a wide variety of meth-ods.The Lightweight Water Purifier (LWP)

is a complete water purification systemthat consists of feed water pump; hoses;ROWPU elements; pre-filter, high-pressurepump; 3-kilowatt tactical quiet generator;1,000-gallon water storage and distributionsystem; and control panel. It purifies up to125 gallons per hour from a freshwatersource and 75 gallons per hour from salt-water and NBC-contaminated sources. Itwill be mounted on skids that can be liftedby four people and will normally be trans-ported in a two-soldier cargo Humvee. TheLWP can be transported by UH-60 heli-copter or C-130 fixed-wing aircraft. TheLWP provides potable water for a widerange of military operations and is de-ployed with small units and special opera-tions forces and for use in temporary med-ical facilities. The Forward Area Water Point Supply

System (FAWPSS) is a portable, self-con-tained, potable water storage and distribu-tion system. Its 3,000-gallon capacity cansupport personnel in forward areas of the

348 ARMY � October 2011

Modular fuel system (MFS)

battlefield, arid regions or other environ-ments where potable water is needed. The Load Handling System Compati-

ble, Water Tank Rack (Hippo) representsthe latest technology in bulk water distrib-ution systems. The system is a mobilehardwall system providing potable waterto theater and brigade units. The Hippoconsists of a 2,000-gallon water tank rackwith pump, filling stand, and a 70-foothose reel with bulk suction and dischargehoses. It is fully functional mounted or dis-mounted and is transportable when full,partially full or empty. The Hippo pre-vents water from freezing at minus 25 de-grees Fahrenheit and is compatible withthe HEMTT-LHS and the PLS truck andtrailer. The Hippo replaces the Semi-trailerMounted Fabric Tank (SMFT). It providesthe Army with the capability to receive,store and distribute potable water forcooking, drinking, showers and cleaningpurposes.The Unit Water Pod System (Camel II)

consists of an 800- to 900-gallon storage ca-pacity tank, heater unit, government-fur-nished M1095 medium tactical vehicle(MTV) trailer, and contractor-developedcomponents mounted to or carried by thetrailer. Under the Stryker brigade combatteam (SBCT) concept, the Camel will pro-vide a maneuvering company operating ina temperate environment more than twodays of water at a minimum sustainingconsumption rate. The Camel is the unit’sprimary water distribution system and willbe used by units at all echelons throughoutthe battlefield. The Camel II system re-places the M107, M149 and M1112 series400-gallon water trailers (Water Buffalo).

Product Director Non-StandardVehicles (PD NSV)The newly established Product Director

Non-Standard Vehicles (PD NSV) pro-vides the Afghan National Security Forces(ANSF) cradle-to-grave life-cycle manage-ment of commercial Light and MediumTactical Vehicle fleets. The PD NSV portfo-lio includes the currently fielded FordRanger and Navistar vehicle fleets as wellas any future procurements. The goal ofPD NSV is to provide the ANSF the capa-bility and capacity to be self-sustainingand independently able to conduct secu-rity operation missions. PD NSV’s missionis a critical part of the overall Afghan tran-sition plan.

Project Manager Tactical VehiclesOffices within the Project Manager Tac-

tical Vehicles (PM TV) include: ProductManager Light Tactical Vehicles (PM LTV),Product Manager Medium Tactical Vehi-cles (PM MTV), Product Manager HeavyTactical Vehicles (PM HTV) and ProductManager Armored Security Vehicle (PMASV).

Product Manager Light TacticalVehicles (PM LTV)The Product Manager Light Tactical

Vehicles (PM LTV) is responsible for theArmy’s High Mobility, MultipurposeWheeled Vehicle (Humvee) family of ve-hicles and Light Tactical Trailers (LTT).The Army’s requirement for Humvees is157,000 vehicles, and more than 250,000have been built and are in service world-wide.The versatile Humvee is the Army’s

most ubiquitous vehicle, providing a com-mon, light tactical wheeled capability. The

Humvee is the Army’s (and other ser-vices’) primary light wheeled vehicle forcombat, combat support and combat ser-vice support missions. Humvees of allvariants (but mostly up-armored versions)are currently deployed in support of oper-ations in Iraq and Afghanistan.The Humvee family of vehicles consists

of multiple configurations built on a com-mon chassis to support weapon systems,command-and-control systems and fieldambulances, and to provide ammunition,troop and general cargo transport. It is cur-rently equipped with a high-performance,

October 2011 � ARMY 349

Humvee

6.5-liter, turbo-charged diesel engine, elec-tronic automatic transmission and four-wheel drive. It is air-transportable andlow-velocity-airdrop (LVAD)-certified (ex-cept for the maxi ambulance variants). TheHumvee can be equipped with a self-re-covery hydraulic winch and can supportpayloads from 2,500 to 5,100 pounds (in-cluding crew and pintle loads), dependingon the model.Current production Humvees are built

on the expanded capacity vehicle (ECV)chassis. The ECV variants were first intro-duced in 1995 as the M1113 Shelter Carrier,providing up to 5,100 pounds of payload,and the M1114 Up-armor Humvee (UAH),to provide crew protection from small-arms fire, overhead fragmentation from ar-tillery and mortar shells, and underbodyfrom antipersonnel/antitank mines. Cur-rent production variants of the Humveefamily include the M1151A1 ECV Arma-ment Carrier, M1152A1 ECV Cargo/Troop/Shelter Carrier, M1165A1 ECVCommand and Control Carrier and theM1167 ECV TOW Missile Carrier vehicles.Like the M1114, the M1151 has a rooftopweapon station that can accommodate anM60 machine gun, M2 machine gun, Mk

19 grenade launcher or the M240/M249.Unlike most earlier models, these latestversions are also designed for the applica-tion of additional armor packages overtheir base protection levels, as the missionprofile dictates.Humvee new production for the Army

ended in December 2010, although pro-duction for the other services and foreignmilitary sales customers will continue intoearly 2012. Included in the Army produc-tion is a new M997A3 ambulance configu-ration, built on the ECV chassis, which isplanned specifically for the Army NationalGuard to meet its homeland security andnatural disaster relief missions. Because ofthe large numbers of Humvee variantsfound throughout the Army and the con-tinued need for their service into the fore-seeable future, plans are currently beingdeveloped for a competitively awarded re-capitalization program, which will mod-ernize and extend the useful life of theArmy’s Humvees. This Humvee competi-tive recapitalization program will improveprotection and automotive performance. The Light Tactical Trailer (LTT) is the

Humvee trailer. It has been tested and ap-proved (materiel released) for use per the

Humvee mission profile. The LTT comesin three variants: M1101 (LTT-L), M1102(LTT-H) and heavy chassis (LTT-HC). TheArmy has met the LTT requirement of49,367 trailers. The on-hand quantity in-cluding the current FY 2010 procurementwill be 50,115 trailers. There are no pro-duction funds in FY 2011 and beyond.

Product Manager Family of MediumTactical Vehicles (PM MTV)The Product Manager Medium Tactical

Vehicles (PM MTV) is responsible for theFamily of Medium Tactical Vehicles(FMTV), including Light Medium TacticalVehicles (LMTV), Medium Tactical Vehi-cles, FMTV specialty vehicles and FMTVtrailers.The medium truck fleet has historically

accounted for more than half of the Army’ssingle-lift payload capacity. In redefiningthis vital fleet, Army planners took the op-portunity to focus on a family approach;that is, to combine both 2.5-ton and 5-tonpayload classes into a single acquisitionprogram that would yield a logistically sig-nificant degree of component commonalityacross all medium fleet variants.The Army’s requirement for medium

trucks is now more than 83,000 vehicles.These vehicles are required across the entirespectrum of combat, combat support andcombat service support units. They mustperform roles such as unit mobility, fieldfeeding, water distribution, local and line-haul transportation, maintenance platforms,engineer operations, communication sys-tems, medical support and towing artillerypieces. All medium vehicles must be capa-ble of operating worldwide on primary andsecondary roads as well as on trails, andcross-country in weather extremes from mi-nus 50 to 120 degrees Fahren heit.The FMTV achieves extraordinary com-

monality by sharing many subsystems andcomponents in the 4x4 (LMTV), 6x6 (MTV)

350 ARMY � October 2011

Light mediumtactical vehicle

Heavy equipment transporter system (HETS)

and companion trailer configurations. Thetrucks share, for example, common engineassemblies (with different horsepower rat-ings), cooling systems, transmissions, in-take and exhaust systems, front axles andsuspension systems, tires and wheels, cabassembly, vehicle control gauges andmuch more. They differ primarily in num-ber of axles (two versus three) and stan-dard cargo bed size (12 feet versus 14 feet)to accommodate different payload ratings(2.5 tons versus 5 tons) and body styles.The FMTV deviates from predecessor

vehicle designs by having its tilt cab overthe engine. This design approach con-tributes to the Army’s goal of significantlyimproving the deployability of units, sincea typical FMTV vehicle is some 40 inchesshorter than the vehicle it replaces, requir-ing less space aboard deploying aircraft orsurface shipping. This reduced length alsocontributes to a shorter turning radius andbetter offroad mobility. Offroad mobility isfurther enhanced by a standard central tireinflation system (CTIS) and state-of-the-artsuspension.LMTV systems include the M1078 2.5-

ton standard cargo, M1079 2.5-ton van,M1080 2.5-ton chassis and M1081 2.5-tonstandard cargo (LVAD) [low-velocity air-drop capable]. MTV systems include theM1083 5-ton standard cargo, M1084 5-tonstandard cargo with MHE, M1085 5-ton

long cargo, M1086 5-ton long cargo withMHE (crane), M1088 5-ton tractor, M10895-ton wrecker, M1090 5-ton dump, M10925-ton chassis, M1093 5-ton standard cargo(LVAD), M1094 5-ton dump (LVAD) andM1096 5-ton long chassis.FMTV special vehicles include the M1087

expandable van, XM1140 high-mobility ar-tillery rocket system (HIMARS) carrier,M1147 FMTV load handling system (LHS)trailer, M1148 FMTV LHS truck, M1157 10-ton dump and XM 1160 medium extendedair defense system (MEADS) carrier. FMTVtrailers include the M1082 trailer cargo 2.5ton and M1095 trailer cargo 5 ton. In addi-tion, the office helps coordinate activities onM900 series 5-ton trucks.

Product Manager Heavy TacticalVehicles (PM HTV)The Product Manager Heavy Tactical

Vehicles (PM HTV) addresses programsincluding the Heavy Equipment Trans-porter System (HETS), Heavy ExpandedMobility Tactical Truck (HEMTT), Pal-letized Load System (PLS), flatracks, con-tainer handling and mission modules,M915 family of vehicles, fifth-wheel trail-ers and special trailers.The M1070/M1000 Heavy Equipment

Transporter System (HETS) deploys, trans-ports, recovers and evacuates combat-loaded M1 tanks and other vehicles of simi-

lar weight to and from the battlefield. Morethan 600 have been deployed in support ofoverseas contingency operations (OCO).The M1070 tractor and M1000 semitrailerreplaced the M911/M747 as the Army’s lat-est model HETS. The M1070/M1000 HETSwas developed to accommodate the in-creased weight of the M1 Abrams family ofmain battle tanks. The M1070 provides line-haul, local-haul and maintenance evacua-tion on and off the road during tactical op-erations worldwide.Unlike previous HETS, the M1070 is de-

signed to carry both the tank and its crew.Approximately 2,311 HETS have beenfielded to date. The M1070A1 HET tractorhas been updated with a new power trainwith 200 additional horsepower, single-speed transfer case for ease of operation,and numerous front suspension and drivesystem updates to increase the safe operat-ing load capacity of the vehicle steeringand handling systems. The M1070A1 is de-signed with an armored A-kit cab and B-kitarmor.The M1000 Semitrailer has been im-

proved with a series of maintainabilitychanges including self-adjusting brakes,central lubrication system at each axle, anda hydraulic system upgrade that reducestrailer raise/lower times and is expectedto result in greater reliability. The new con-figuration HET, model M1070A1, and the

October 2011 � ARMY 351

enhanced M1000 semitrailer are in theprocess of production verification testing. The Heavy Expanded Mobility Tactical

Truck (HEMTT) is the workhorse of Armycombat divisions. It is the key combat ser-vice support enabler for all brigade com-bat teams. The 11-ton, eight-wheel-drivefamily of vehicles is designed to operate inany climatic condition.There are several basic configurations of

the HEMTT-series trucks: the M977 cargotruck with light materiel-handling crane;M985 cargo truck with medium materiel-handling crane; the M978 2,500-gallon fueltanker; the M983 tractor; the M984 wrecker;and the M1120 Load Handling System(LHS) and the M983 Light EquipmentTransporter (LET), used in Stryker recoveryoperations and movement of heavy engi-neer equipment. The HEMTT is used as aprime mover for the Patriot missile system,M7 forward repair system and tactical wa-ter purification system and as the chassisfor the M1977 common bridge transporter,M1142 tactical firefighting truck and M1158HEMTT-based water tender. The HEMTT isalso compatible with the PLS trailer. The HEMTT is augmented by the M989/

A1 heavy expanded munitions ammuni-tion trailer (HEMAT) in the transport of theMultiple-Launch Rocket System (MLRS)family of munitions (MFoM). The HEMATcan transport four MFoM pods, eachweighing approximately 5,400 pounds. Theoffroad capability of the HEMTT andHEMAT combination can transport eightMFoM pods. The M989A1 HEMAT is alsorequired to transport six standard ammu-nition pallets (single stacked), two 600-gal-lon fuel pods or two 500-gallon fuel blad-ders. The HEMTT recap program will recapi-

talize HEMTT vehicles to 0 miles/0 hoursand to the A4 configuration, which con-sists of bumper-to-bumper recap of the en-tire truck with the following technologyinsertions: CAT 15 engine, electronic trans-mission, ABS and traction control, andlarger cab. The HEMTT A4 is designedwith an armored A-kit cab and B-kit ar-mor.The Palletized Load System (PLS) is

the primary component of the maneuver-oriented ammunition distribution system.Roughly 1,000 PLS are being used in over-seas contingency operations. It also per-forms local-haul, line-haul, unit resupplyand other transportation missions in the

tactical environment. In addition, it is usedas the prime mover for the M7 ForwardRepair System and various engineer mis-sion modules (M4 Bituminous DistributorModule, M5 Concrete Mobile Mixer Mod-ule and M6 Dump Body Module). The PLSis also the host chassis for the dry supportbridge launcher vehicle (M1975).The PLS consists of a 16.5-ton payload

tactical truck with a flatrack. It is a five-axle, 10-wheel drive vehicle with a 500-hpDetroit Diesel engine, an Allison automatictransmission and a CTIS. This combinationprovides a highly mobile system able totransport its payload in virtually any typeof terrain or weather and maintain pacewith the self-propelled artillery systemsthat it supports. The PLS comes in two mis-sion-oriented configurations: the M1074and the M1075. The M1074 is equippedwith a variable reach materiel-handlingcrane (MHC) to support forward-deployedfield artillery units. The M1075, without

MHC, is used in conjunction with theM1076 trailer to support transportationline-haul missions. The M1076 PLS trailer is a three-axle,

wagon-style trailer with a 16.5-ton pay-load capacity that is equipped with a flatrack that is interchangeable betweentruck and trailer. The combination of truckand trailer provides the combined payloadcapacity of 33 tons. The flatracks are liftedon and off the truck and trailer by a hy-draulic-powered arm mounted on thetruck, eliminating the need for additionalmateriel-handling equipment. The controlsfor the arm are located inside the cab, al-lowing the operator to load or unload thetruck in less than one minute without leav-ing the cab. The trailer can be loaded orunloaded in less than five minutes usingthe remote-control arm.The PLS can transport multiple cargo

configurations by using a variety of flat-racks. The M1077 and M1077A1 flatracks

352 ARMY � October 2011

Heavy expanded mobility tactical truck (HEMTT)

Palletized load system (PLS)

are sideless and used to transport palletsof ammunition and other classes of sup-plies. The M1 flatrack carries identicalclasses of supplies. It is ISO/CSC-certifiedand suitable for intermodal transport in-cluding transport on container ships. Am-munition can be loaded on the M1 at de-pots, transported via container ship totheater, picked up by the PLS truck andcarried forward without using any ma-teriel-handling equipment. The walls foldinward when empty to facilitate stackingfor retrograde. The M3/M3A1 containerroll-in/roll-out platform is a flatrack thatfits inside a 20-foot ISO container. The con-tainer-handling unit is a kit installed onthe PLS that allows the direct load, trans-port and unload of 20-foot ISO containerswithout an external flatrack.The PLS vehicle is in the process of up-

grade to incorporate a modern powertrainwith increased horsepower, independentsuspension and an updated cab that iscommon with the latest HEMTT vehicles.The updated PLS vehicles (model suffixA1) have completed production verifica-tion testing and are preparing to enter pro-duction as new production and recapital-ization programs. The PLS A1 is long-termprotection strategy (LTPS) compliant withA-kit cab and B-kit armor.The Army’s M915-Series Line-Haul

Tractors operate on highways and sec-

ondary roads to transport bulk suppliesand fuel to U.S. forces. The Army’s line-haul fleet consists of the current M915family of vehicles (FoV) including theM915A5, M916A3 and M917A2 vehicles.The M915A5 is based upon Freightliner’scommercial Western Star tractors and in-corporates transport industry technologiesfor safety, fuel efficiency and low operat-ing costs per mile.The M915-series fleet of vehicles is

found primarily in active and reserve com-ponent transportation units that are re-sponsible for the rapid, efficient transportof bulk supplies from ocean ports to divi-sion support areas within a theater of op-

eration. They are used primarily to trans-port the M871 semitrailer (flatbed, 22.5tons), M872 semitrailer (flatbed, 34 tons),M967/M969 semitrailer (5,000-gallontanker), M1062 semitrailer (7,500-gallontanker), and M1062A1 semitrailer (9,000-gallon tanker). The M915A5 is the latest se-ries and has a maximum gross combinedvehicle weight of 120,000 pounds whenoperating with the M872A4 semitrailer.Only the M915A5 variant is in production,with fieldings in FY 2010.The M915A5 includes improvements

over the legacy M915A3, with suspensionupgrades for increased weight capabilityfor B-kits and an extended cab that is 10

October 2011 � ARMY 353

M915A5 line-haultractor

inches wider and 34 inches longer than theM915A3 crew cab. The M915A5 is de-signed with an armored A-kit cab and B-kit armor.

Product Manager Armored SecurityVehicle (PM ASV)The Product Manager Armored Secu-

rity Vehicle (PM ASV) has the mission todevelop, produce, field and sustain theM1117 Armored Security Vehicle to an ex-peditionary force. The M1117 ASV is a tur-reted, armored, all-wheel drive vehiclethat supports military police missions—such as rear-area security, law and orderoperations, battlefield circulation and en-emy-prisoner-of-war operations—over theentire spectrum of war and operationsother than war as well as convoy protec-tion missions.The ASV provides protection to the

crew compartment, gunner’s station andthe ammunition storage area. The turret isfully enclosed, with both an M19 40 mmgrenade machine gun and a .50-calibermachine gun, and a multisalvo smokegrenade launcher. The ASV provides bal-listic, blast and overhead protection for itsfour-person crew. The ASV, with a payload

of 3,600 pounds, 400-mile-plus range andtop speed of nearly 70 miles per hour en-sures both lethality and survivability tothe warfighter.In addition, on the ASV chassis, the U.S.

Army is fielding the M1200 ArmoredKnight to provide improved survivabilityover the current M707 Knight (Humvee-based Knight). Used by field artillery com-bat observation lasing teams (COLTs) inboth Heavy and Infantry brigade combat

teams, the Armored Knight will combinethe proven ASV with the M707 Knightmission equipment package (MEP).The Medium ASV (MASV), currently in

production for use by the Afghan nationalarmy (ANA), is based on the Army’sM1117 Armored Security Vehicle (ASV)platform. Sharing approximately 70 per-cent commonality with the ASV, the MASVconsists of nine different variants, each de-signed to meet specific combat roles and

354 ARMY � October 2011

M1117 Armored security vehicle

enhance the quick reaction capability of theANA. The nine variants include the ASVand armored personal carrier configura-tions as well as the command-and-control,ambulance, engineering, maintenance, mor-tar, and reconnaissance variations. The en-hanced survivability, which is standard onall of the MASV variants, represents a newrange of mission set capabilities.

PM Joint Combat Support SystemsThe office of Project Manager Joint

Combat Support Systems (PM JCSS) in-cludes the Product Manager Joint LightTactical Vehicles (PM JLTV); Product Man-ager Sets, Kits, Outfits and Tools (PMSKOT); Product Director Test, Measure-ment and Diagnostic Equipment (PDTMDE); and Product Director HorizontalTechnology Insertion (PD HTI).

Product Manager Joint Light TacticalVehicles (PM JLTV)The Product Manager Joint Light Tacti-

cal Vehicles (PM JLTV) is responsible forthe Army’s participation in the Joint LightTactical Vehicle (JLTV). The JLTV familyof vehicles and companion trailers is a cen-tral component of the Army and MarineCorps’ tactical wheeled vehicle strategy,balancing long-term warfighter needs ofprotection, performance and payload in anaffordable and expeditionary platform de-signed for global operations. Capability gaps within the existing light

tactical wheeled vehicle fleet are the resultof an imbalance in protection, payload andperformance. The JLTV family of vehicleswill be able to deliver all of these capabili-ties within an affordable and transportablesolution, meeting Army and Marine Corpsrotary- and fixed-wing air, sea and over-land transport requirements—somethingno existing light tactical wheeled vehiclecan do. The services have successfully com-

pleted the 27-month technology develop-ment (TD) phase, completing a rigoroustest and evaluation effort at AberdeenProving Ground, Md., and Yuma ProvingGround, Ariz. The services completed allplanned performance and RAM testing;however, because of the increased require-ment in survivability, they conductedabove-threshold ballistic testing to help in-form the engineering and manufacturingdevelopment (EMD) phase requirements.In addition, JLTV’s first helicopter sling-load transportability test with the Army’sCH-47D and the Marine Corps’ CH-53Ewas completed with each of the three TDphase contractor’s Category A generalpurpose vehicles.The development of the JLTV reinforces

the Army’s approach to interoperableplatforms that provide expeditionary andprotected maneuver to forces currentlysupported by Humvees. The JLTVs also

improve payload efficiency through chas-sis engineering, enabling the vehicles tobe deployed with the appropriate amountof force protection through scalable armorsolutions.The TD phase has satisfied its intended

purpose: to demonstrate the integration ofestablished technologies as a complete sys-tem, providing an assessment of the tech-nical and performance risks relevant to en-tering the EMD phase. The EMD phasewill be full and open competition, with theselection of two offerors. Milestone B is

currently scheduled for the second quarterof fiscal year 2012.

Product Manager Sets, Kits, Outfitsand Tools (PM SKOT)The Product Manager Sets, Kits, Out-

fits and Tools (PM SKOT) manages morethan 50 of the Army’s combat engineer andordnance sets, kits, outfits and tools, pro-viding industrial quality tools with lifetimewarranties, foam cutouts for rapid inven-tory, and increased ease of accountabilityand transportability to the warfighter. PM

October 2011 � ARMY 355

Joint light tactical vehicle

Lockheed Martin

SKOT’s broad portfolio includes SKOTs fortracked and wheeled vehicle emergency re-pair and maintenance, armament systemsrepair, hydraulic systems repair, metalworking and machining, cutting and weld-ing, engineering and construction, urbanoperations, Army diving missions, inflat-able boats and motors, and fire suppres-sion and protection equipment.

Product Director Test, Measurementand Diagnostic Equipment (PDTMDE)The Product Director Test, Measurement

and Diagnostic Equipment (PD TMDE) isresponsible for the life-cycle management ofthe Army’s calibration sets, general purposeelectronic test equipment (GPETE) and itsmodernization through the test equipmentmodernization (TEMOD) program, and theIntegrated Family of Test Equipment (IFTE),composed of at-platform automatic test sys-tems (APATS) and off-platform automatictest systems (OPATS).

Product Director HorizontalTechnology Integration (PD HTI)The focus of the Product Director Hori-

zontal Technology Integration (PD HTI)is on identifying relatively establishedtechnologies (technology readiness level 6or greater) at the component or subsystemlevels for potential insertion into and im-provement of joint ground systems. Theseground systems are those in the portfoliosof the Program Executive Office (PEO)Combat Support and Combat Service Sup-port (CS&CSS), PEO Ground Combat Sys-tems, and the Marine Corps’ PEO LandSystems and Project Manager (PM) LightArmored Vehicles. Support is also pro-vided to PEO Integration. The primary method used to identify

potentially useful technologies is throughthe PEO CS&CSS-sponsored, PD HTI-exe-cuted joint ground system enterprise mar-ket investigation process (EMIP). Thisprocess involves identifying technologyareas of interest to the commercial market-place, reviewing submitted technologyideas, physical demonstration by the ven-dor of selected technologies, demonstra-tion assessment by a government team ofsubject-matter experts, and referral ofpromising technologies to relevant PEOsand other government organizations. Besides identifying and assessing po-

tentially useful ground-system-relatedtechnologies, PD HTI’s efforts provide anopportunity for more coordinated marketresearch, a referral point for PMs whenmeeting with vendors, a forum to support

a demonstration of interesting technolo-gies submitted in response to PMs’ re-quests for information (RFI), and a tech-nology idea database available to theacquisition and technology communities.Also, the generation of smarter acquisi-tions and requirements is more likely byknowing what latest technologies areavailable and, by having a joint focus, PDHTI’s efforts potentially help drive com-monality across platforms. In addition,vendors, particularly small businesses, ap-preciate the opportunity to demonstratetheir technology to relevant governmentexperts.

PM Mine Resistant AmbushProtectedThe Project Manager Mine Resistant

Ambush Protected (PM MRAP) vehiclesencompasses thousands of highly surviv-able MRAP vehicles under several productmanagers, including Vehicle Systems,MRAP All-Terrain Vehicles (M-ATV), andAssured Mobility Systems, frequently re-ferred to as route-clearance vehicles (RCVs). MRAP vehicles are armored vehicles

with a blast-resistant V-bottomed under-body designed to protect the crew frommine blasts and fragmentary and direct-fireweapons. MRAP features four vehicle cate-gories: Category I for urban combat mis-sions; Category II for convoy escort, trooptransport, explosive ordnance disposal andambulance missions; Category III for clear-ing mines and improvised explosive de-vices (IEDs); and the M-ATV, a smaller,lighter-weight platform. A wrecker, orMRAP Recovery Vehicle (MRV), was addedto the fleet in late 2010.

In May 2007, the MRAP vehicle pro-gram was deemed the Department of De-fense’s highest priority defense acquisitionprogram.

Product Manager MRAP VehicleSystemsThe Product Manager MRAP Vehicle

Systems was responsible for the initial ac-quisition of the MRAP fleet of vehicles,consisting of 16 discernable variants fromfive different commercial manufacturers.Originally envisioned as a few thousandvehicles to assist with the growing threatof IEDs, the fleet immediately demon-strated significantly higher survivabilitythan other vehicles fielded. Follow-on ac-quisition based on MRAP success nowsupports all five services and Special Op-erations Command. The current MRAPfleet has grown to approximately 27,000vehicles. The smaller Category I vehiclesin the 17- to 25-ton range can carry a crewof up to eight, whereas the larger CategoryII vehicles weigh as much as 40 tons andprotect a crew of up to 10. MRAP vehiclescan be found in a multitude of missionsand are the wheeled vehicle of choice forthe most dangerous combat encounters incurrent operations.Several other features make the MRAP

well suited for its mission. As mentioned,they provide significant protection fromsmall arms from all angles and are espe-cially adept at mitigating blast effects—much more so than lighter vehicles. Mostalso have the ability to carry extra protec-tion for other types of specialized threats ifthe mission dictates. All variants comecomplete with a communications suite, agunner’s turret and a chassis capable ofmuch higher mobility than other vehiclesof similar weight. Overall, the MRAP fam-ily of vehicles provides incredible flexibil-ity and capability to the warfighter. While already considerably mobile,

many Category I vehicles have receivedsuspension upgrades, including a fully in-dependent suspension system (ISS) to re-

356 ARMY � October 2011

Mine resistant ambush protected (MRAP) vehicles

place the solid-axle system provided at thetime of initial purchase. Follow-on pro-curements have included the ISS built onthe production floor. Other enhancements include the integra-

tion of a remote weapons system, CROWS,as well as TOW/ITAS, interior and exte-rior survivability enhancements, ride andcomfort upgrades, and lighting packages.

Some examples of Category I vehicles arethe MaxxPro Dash, MaxxPro Ambulance,Cougar A1, RG-31 A2 and Caiman. Vehicles in Category II, including the

RG-33L, Cougar, RG-33 Ambulance, andRG-33 with add-on armor, also provide ahost of special capabilities. Although some-what less mobile over uneven terrain, manyof these vehicles have also received suspen-

sion upgrades to enhance ride quality.Other improvements include C4I, govern-ment-furnished equipment and weaponssuites. Category II vehicles make up ap-proximately one-third of the fleet and willcontinue to serve in all theaters in highlyprotected troop transport and warfightingroles.The MRAP Buffalo stands alone as the

one variant in Category III. It is physicallylarger than any other variant and weighsjust as much as other up-armored variants.Purpose-built for roadside bomb detectionand route clearance, the Buffalo uses ahighly maneuverable articulating arm toinvestigate debris or other roadside mate-rials, providing a safe stand-off for sol-diers. The hull structure and other interiorappointments all enhance the survivabilityof the vehicle.

Product Manager MRAP All-TerrainVehicle (PM M-ATV)The Product Manager MRAP All-Ter-

rain Vehicle (PM M-ATV) manages the M-ATV, designed to provide MRAP levels of

October 2011 � ARMY 357

MRAP all-terrain vehicle (M-ATV)

protection with greater offroad mobility inthe Afghan theater of operations. Thelighter weight and smaller size also createeasier transportability. The M-ATV cancarry up to five personnel—four crewmembers and a gunner. The underbody im-provement kits (2) (UIK2) effort is a surviv-ability upgrade for the M-ATV platform.The UIK2 consists of automotive and ar-mored components and is a response to anurgent theater requirement. The current re-quirement for the UIK is 8,011, which is themajority of the fleet. The M-ATV is used insmall-unit combat operations in highly re-stricted rural, mountainous and urban en-vironments. Missions include mounted pa-trols, reconnaissance, security, convoyprotection, communications, command andcontrol, and combat service support.

Product Manager Assured MobilitySystems (PM AMS)The Product Manager Assured Mobil-

ity Systems (PM AMS) is responsible formanaging the entire life cycle of develop-ment, acquisition and sustainment ofroute-clearance equipment for the Army.This mission involves equipping the for-ward-deployed route-clearance teams andexplosive ordnance disposal teams operat-ing in both Iraq and Afghanistan with thecapability to detect, identify, interrogateand neutralize improvised explosive de-vices (IEDs). PM AMS vehicles are com-bined at the discretion of the field com-mander to create the “route-clearancepackage” to support route-clearanceteams. The future route-clearance com-pany configuration of a route-clearanceteam will consist of a Buffalo, a vehicle-mounted mine detection (VMMD) set con-sisting of two Husky vehicles and fourmedium mine protected vehicles (MMPV),used for command and control. The AMS Family of Vehicles includes the

Buffalo, Panther, RG-31 MK5E, VMMDand JERRV. The Buffalo Mine Protected Clearance

Vehicle (MPCV) is a six-wheeled, mine-protected, armored personnel carrier witha one-piece body designed to provide sur-vivability for a crew of six. The front, sideand rear armor provide small-arms protec-tion, while its V-shaped hull deflects blastsfrom mines/IEDs. The Buffalo MPCV hasan articulated hydraulic arm mounted onthe front bumper and can be used to inves-

tigate suspected mine/IED locations. TheBuffalo MPCV is used by engineer unitsduring area- and route-clearance missions. The Vehicle Mounted Mine Detection

(VMMD) system consists of two Huskyvehicles operating in tandem to detectburied explosives. Each Husky has a de-tection array mounted under the vehicle,which is deployed during route-clearanceoperations. If a suspected explosive is de-tected, the system marks the spot on theground for follow-up interrogation by ei-ther the Buffalo or RG-31 fitted with an in-terrogation arm.The RG-31 MK5E vehicle is designed to

safely transport personnel or equipment inareas where mines and IEDs may be de-

ployed. In addition, the hull of the vehicleis designed utilizing a V-shape, whichserves to provide mine blast protection.The RG-31 MK5E, along with the Panthervehicle, will be deployed jointly as a solu-tion to the MMPV requirement. The Panther is a 6x6 wheeled vehicle de-

signed to provide enhanced crew protec-tion and system survivability with add-onarmor protection, an automatic fire extinguishing system, and a chemical, bio-logical, radiological, nuclear or high-yieldexplosive overpressure system. There arethree variants of the Panther: the XM1226Engineer (holds four combat engineers,one robot and 180 cubic feet of storage), theXM1227 EOD (holds four explosive ord-nance specialists, two robots and 197 cubicfeet of storage) and the XM1229 Prophet(seats six soldiers for intelligence, surveil-lance, electronic warfare and target acquisi-tion operations). The XM1226 provides sol-diers the ability to transport, charge,configure and deploy the robot withoutcompromising force protection. The Pan-ther has a rear hydraulic ramp for crewand robot ingress/egress, and the XM1226has a bulkhead door separating the crewcompartment from the cargo area. The Joint EOD Rapid Response Vehicle

(JERRV) is a joint service, mine-protectedvehicle with a primary role of supportingfirst responders such as explosive ord-nance disposal specialists in neutralizingimprovised explosive devices, mines andother ordnance. The JERRV is an ONS sys-tem for use in theater during deploymentoperations and will be replaced by theXM1227 Panther as a program of record forfielding in the continental United States.

358 ARMY � October 2011

Buffalo mine protectedclearance vehicle (MPCV)

RG-31 MK5E