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Combating Poverty and Social Combating Poverty and Social ExclusionExclusion
Homelessness - Homelessness - A Targeted ApproachA Targeted Approach
Olmedo, Sardinia, 9th March 2011
Damien O’Mahony
Cork City Council
Low educational attainmentLone parentsUnemploymentFamily BreakdownLoss of partner/spouse/parent/sAddictionsDisability – physical and mental
Access to education compromisedAccess to employment comprimisedSocial Housing – pool of disadvantage -
concentrations may cause difficultiesPoor health – mortality rate higher for cancer,
heart disease, mental illnessLess participation through marginalisation –
voting; volunteering; church attendance (indication of diminished social capital)
Paths to HomelessnessPaths to Homelessness Poverty and lack of housing options Mental ill health Addiction Weak family supports Experience of institutional care, Eviction Relationship breakdown But protective factors must be mentioned i.e. significant
positive relationship; engagement in work or training, even where the underlying causes and risk factors are present
Homeless community not homogenous but common characteristics exist
High levels of mental ill health, Psychological, behavioural and personality disorders Intellectual and learning difficulties and addiction
problems. Across the developed world, the majority of homeless
people are single men. Homelessness is not a random process and as such allows
for the development of targeted interventions to address homelessness and to prevent it from occurring in the first place.
The Celtic TigerReduced poverty but unemployment now
up to 13.7% (almost 20% in 1980s)Relative poverty (on or below 60% of
national income EU definition)Consistent poverty (with added indicators
of disadvantage – e.g. lone parent; unemployed; disabled)–
11% (inc. working poor)
Breakout SessionsBreakout Sessions
Systems - LatviaValue for Money - GreeceIntegration - RomaniaPrevention - Spain
MethodologyMethodology
Record findingsNominate spokespersonGeneral applicationNot confined by individual funding
constraints
Homeless Action Planning in Homeless Action Planning in CorkCork
Homeless Forum established 1991Plans founded on detailed consultation
process with stakeholders – local government; health services; police; voluntary agencies
Achievements to dateAchievements to date
Elimination of need to sleep roughAccommodation standards raisedProvision of transitional housingMulti-disiplinary Teams establishedGateway Project (wet shelter)Cork Foyer
Achievements to date, contd.Achievements to date, contd.Strong working partnerships between the
key local stakeholders The development of discharge protocols for
those at risk of homelessness leaving psychiatric or acute hospitals.
Critical local interventions stimulated via local homeless action plans.
The Way Home 2008-2013 The Way Home 2008-2013 Strategic AimsStrategic Aims
Preventing HomelessnessEliminate Need to Sleep RoughEliminate Long Term Homelessness Meet Long Term Housing Needs Ensure Effective Services for Homeless
People Better Coordinated Funding arrangements
A New Focus – More DetailA New Focus – More Detail The development of longer term accommodation options
through the provision of additional social housing, greater use of the private sector and the development of long term supported accommodation with on site specialist care.
The improvement of the coordination of funding between the Department of Environment, Heritage and Local Government and the Department of Health so that capital and revenue funding works in tandem, with the development of more formal funding mechanisms, more transparent selection of projects and improved monitoring across the country.
A New Focus – More DetailA New Focus – More Detail
The development of a case management approach to addressing the needs of homeless people, based on key workers linking to core services and specialist health services which can be accessed, depending on individual needs.
The development of preventative strategies focused on at risk groups in addition to individuals leaving prison, acute hospitals and psychiatric hospitals.
Eliminate Long Term Eliminate Long Term HHomelessnessomelessness
By end 2011 no one should be in emergency accommodation longer than six months.
Achieved by the adequate supply of long term housing in each local area to address current and projected needs
Adequate community support services for households vulnerable to homelessness
Accessible mental health and addiction services Effective interventions by homeless services.
Meeting long term housing needsMeeting long term housing needs Adequate supply of housing, esp. for single persons Greater utilisation of existing housing stock and the
provision of additional units by local authorities Greater use of the private and voluntary and co-
operative housing sectors. Settlement services and tenancy sustainment for
formerly homeless people necessary in some cases.
Ensure effective services for homeless Ensure effective services for homeless peoplepeople
Services well organised, co-ordinated and integrated
focused on moving them out of homelessness as quickly as possible, into long term sustainable housing.
a national quality standards framework for homeless services, including arrangements for monitoring compliance.
Ensure effective services for Ensure effective services for homeless peoplehomeless people
Services include: street outreach temporary accommodation Settlement post settlement tenancy sustainment and advice information and day centres specialised homeless services.
Health servicesHealth services
Vital component of services for homeless people. roll-out of primary care teams and primary and
social care networks. Homeless people will access primary care through
these new teams and networks not intended that a separate and parallel health
system will exist for homeless people.
Prevention StrategiesPrevention StrategiesAdult OffendersYoung OffendersMental Health Residential FacilitiesAcute HospitalsYoung Persons Leaving CareEducation and Homeless PersonsMonitoring
Prevention Strategies Prevention Strategies
Intervention by wider social welfare agencies including the establishment of indicators that act as an early warning system and ensure that supports are offered while the potentially homeless individual remains in the family home.
New immigrants
Victims of Domestic Violence
Managing ChangeManaging Change Practices long established with wide public
support Paradigm shift required in approach Significant change to structures on the part of
service providers both financial and human resource
Change from reactive to proactive attitude on the part of commissioning agents (i.e. state bodies who fund the service)
Inclusion and consultation
Thank You