COMENIUS-PROJECT The effects of climate change on tourism in
Europe Sustainable tourism in different regions presented by Duales
Berufskolleg Lahr
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1. Effects of climate change on tourism 2. Sustainable Tourism
3. Gentle Tourism 4. Best Practice: Black Forest National Park
TABLE OF CONTENTS
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1. EFFECTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON TOURISM
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Germany is the most popular travel destination of the Germans
(statistics) approx. 85% of the overnight stays were realised by
Germans But also Europe Long-distance journeys Spain Italy Turkey
Long-distance Austria Greece France Croatia Poland Netherlands From
100 Germans... travelled to... THE GERMANS MOST POPULAR TRAVEL
DESTINATIONS (outgoing tourism)
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Statistics of the whole tourism branch: Development of the
turnover HOW DOES TOURISM CHANGE?
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The environmental consciousness has augmented enormously within
the last 10 years Reasons for this phenomenon: Fear of climate
change and other natural disasters Consideration of personal health
and nature Alternative Travel offers DO ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS PLAY
A ROLE IN THE SELECTION OF THE TRAVEL DESTINATION?
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EFFECT OF THE OZONE CONCENTRATION ON TOURISM Changes in travel
behavior no solid changes in travel behavior due to the ozone
concentration but: regional and seasonal shifts in demand Mainly
concerned are... - Mediterranean Sea abutters - poor countries -
countries that are dependent on tourism
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REASONS FOR DECREASE OF TOURISM environmental menace e.g. algae
strong sun radiation heat waves lack of snow aridity / lack of
water infectious diseases extreme weathers (storms, floods)
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Concerned Mediterranean Sea areas, insular states in the South
Pacific as well as in the Indian Ocean strong decrease in tourism
in the busy season enormous heat, extreme weathers increase in
tourism or rather a shift to the winter and low season
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Winners Belgium, Netherlands, Louxembourg, Germany, Baltic
countries swimming places are more attractive gains in summer
tourism growing demand for walking, climbing & biking tours
good summer seasons at German coasts Germany
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Conclusion Germany will experience more positive than negative
effects of climate change Deficits in winter could be balanced by
gains in summer tourism Possibilities of reorientation &
assimilation according to the changing situation
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DUE TO A LACK OF SNOW THERE IS LESS DEMAND FOR WINTER HOLIDAYS
IN THE BLACK FOREST far from it!
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THE BLACK FOREST Snow guaranty 60 mountains over 1000 m Highest
summit of Germanys low mountain ranges Feldberg (1.493 m)
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one of the best winters 400.000 visitors (February) in
comparison to season 08/09: 500.000 visitors already 120 operating
days average per season: 70- 90 operating days Numbers of
accommodation rise from year to year FACTS: WINTER 09/10 updated:
March, 1
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Origin: Leibniz-Institut 2009 All data refer to the dates of
1994 - 2003 FORECAST OF THE DECREASE OF SNOW
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Date: 26 December1999 Speed: 272 km/h Affected areas: Northern
France, Switzerland, Liechtenstein, Southwestern Germany (Black
Forest) Damages: 30 Mio m 2 damaged wood 40.000 ha forest cleaning
6 Mrd. $ insurance-damages EXAMPLE FOR REGIONAL EFFECTS OF CLIMATE
CHANGE: THE LOTHARPFAD - facts about the storm Lothar
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DESCRIPTION - located in the Northern Black Forest - opened:
June 2003 - trail for education, adventure and experience Location:
Lotharpfad
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DESCRIPTION - 800 m long in an area as big as 10 soccerfields -
leads across bridges, bases, lethers - free of charge (voluntary
donation is welcome) many thousands of visitors a year
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WHY HAS THE LOTHARPFAD BEEN FOUNDED? - the area hasnt been
touched by a human - No new plants are cropped aim: Show visitors,
how nature develops/grows without any human influences
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2. SUSTAINABLE TOURISM
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Sustainable tourism fulfils social, ecological and economic
compatibility criteria. Its basic idea is to aim all activities at
the target area,,nature. DEFINITION
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MORE SUSTAINABLE TOURISM BY: minimisation of negative impacts /
conflicts / improvement of postive impacts balance of ecology,
economy and social factors assignment of sustainable tourism
concepts
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Saving energy in -the lounge -the hall -the hotel room -the
bath room -control of the room temperature -measures of thermal
insulation -Electricity Waste separation and prevention Saving of
water MEASURES IN HOTELS
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MEASURES OF TRAVEL BUSINESS arrival and departure during the
habitation information arrangements
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CLIMATE-FRIENDLY TRAVELLING SUPPLIES FROM TRAVEL BUSINESS
Ecological travelling Check energy use travel and help
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ALPINE PEARLS THE ANSWER Combination of 17 tourist resorts
Tourism doesnt destroy Precursor in climate protection and
tourism
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improve travel offers single tourists have other interests than
families influence the travel decision holiday in Germany EXAMPLE
FOR SUSTAINABLE TOURSIMS IN GERMANY
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MECKLENBURG-WESTERN- POMERANIA tourism=most important branch of
the economy secret place Waren an der Mritz was chosen for
developing environmentally-sensitive tourism
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WAREN AN DER MRITZ WHY Waren an der Mritz: good infrastructure
unfamous city great conditions for nature lovers
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PROMOTION decrease of the individual traffic decrease of the
energy usage promote for holiday in Germany promotion of regional
products Tourism is causer as well as aggrieved party of the
climate change
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PROMOTION compare supply and demand environmentally create
companies and communes, which act environmentally, an
advantage
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Based in Madrid Aim: responsible+ sustainable tourism THE WORLD
TOURISM ORGANIZATION (UNWTO)
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Aim of the conference: Declaration of Davos -> Four-Step
Plan for Tourism industry 1. Reduction of greenhouse gases 2.
Adaptation to climate change 3. Using of available + new technology
4. To raise funds THE UNWTO-CLIMATE CONFERENCE 2007 The UN Climate
Conference on Bali and Copenhagen
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3. GENTLE TOURISM
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Gentle tourism is a form of travelling which meets three
essential requests: 1.To affect the perambulated nature as little
as possible or rather not to harm the nature 2.To experience the
nature as closely as possible, intensely and originally 3.To adapt
oneself to the culture of a country DEFINITION
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Baumkronenweg in Waldkirch Sense path: 1.1 km Treetop path: 200
m Adventure path: 200 m Barefoot path: 200 m Giant slide BAREFOOT
PATHS
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Ecotourism is a responsible form of travelling to areas close
to nature which adds to the protection of the environment and to
the well-being of the local population ECOTOURISM
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The Taubergieen with a size of 1682 ha is one of the biggest
nature resorts in Baden Wrttemberg. It was declared natural resort
in 1979 You can also find lots of rare species in the Taubergieen,
which dont appear in other areas NATURE RESERVE TAUBERGIESSEN
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About 60 % of the area is forest and the rest is used as
agricultural greenland. The trails you can find in the Tauergieen
are very popular with hikers and bikers NATURE RESERVE
TAUBERGIESSEN
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among the most important markets of Germany 200.000 km fixed/
signposted trails 11 million Germans = constant hikers hotels adapt
to hikers Sanitary aspects are making hiking more and more
attractive HIKING-TOURISM
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24.000 km signed hiking trails Ortenau: mineral spring Famous
trails (Karlsruher Grat) Hiking through vineyards Many valleys,
waters, canyons, etc. Feldberg: highest mountain 1493 m Karlsruher
Grat THE BLACK FOREST
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- Is middle aged or older - Lives in a partnership without
children - Has an above average income - Spends his bike holidays
in Nordrhein Westfalen THE TYPICAL GERMAN BIKE TOURIST
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Ancestry of bicycle tourism in Germany 95 % from Germany 5%
from abroad (mostly tourists from the Netherlands and from
Switzerland AGE GROUPS OF GERMAN BICYCLE TOURISTS
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Has a road system of about 75000 km 40% blends At seas/streams
Has about 290 long dist. trails Best dismounted bike route network
in NRW BICYCLE HOLIDAYS IN GERMANY
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The total capacity of bicycle tourism amounts annually to: 153
Millions Bicycle travels 22 Millions Accommodations concerning
bicycle tourism ECONOMIC FACTOR BICYCLE TOURISM Costs of a bicycle
tourist attain up to 64,60 per day In which he spends at least
40,00 for the accommodation/hotel
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Yippee, I can milk! Where do you come from?
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about 2,1 million of German tourists per year rising tendency
main guests: families with children couples up to and over 50 years
grandparents with grandchildren FARM HOLIDAYS - general facts
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about 25.000 farms in Germany advantage for them: in parts a
considerable additional earning
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85% report on an at least stable, but mostly better utilisation
of their appartments and guest beds in 2009 compared to the
previous year 3/4 classify the economic development of the tourism
sector on their own farm as good or very good FARM HOLIDAYS -
general facts
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about 1.200 farms own the DLG-quality label Farm holiday
regularly checked by neutral specialists FARM HOLIDAYS - general
facts
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often specialisation in certain target groups and consequently
in certain offers
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4. BEST PRACTISE: NATURAL RESORT BLACK FOREST
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In Germany: -101 Natural parks In Baden-Wuerttemberg : -7
Natural parks GENERAL FACTS ABOUT THE NATURAL RESORT
SCHWARZWALD
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6 June 1956: Programme to establish 25 Natural Parks Objective:
to preserve 5 % of the old Federal Republic of Germany from larger
damage and destruction GENERAL FACTS ABOUT THE NATURAL PARK
SCHWARZWALD
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Natural Park: - legally protected, rurally shaped area -
spacious territories, mainly landscape and protected areas
DEFINITION
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In the Black Forest there are 2 Natural Parks: - the Natural
Park Schwarzwald Mitte/Nord - the Natural Park Suedschwarzwald
DEFINITION
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NATURAL PARK SCHWARZWALD MITTE/NORD -GENERAL FACTS Foundation:
December 2000 Size: approx. 3,750 km Inhabitants: approx.
700,000
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Foundation: 2 February 1999 Original size: 3,330 km 2005:
extension up to 3,700 km Inhabitants: 550,000 NATURAL PARK
SDSCHWARZWALD - GENERAL FACTS
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Other aims: Preservation of character and variety of nature,
animals and plants Improvement of leisure facilities for tourists
Advancement of the traditional agriculture Rural conservation
Preservation of the forest-role Advancement of the local Identity
AIMS Superordinate target 1.Preservation of landscape and nature
2.Improvement of tourism and infrastructure
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Fields of activities: out of economical, ecological and social
fields: Nature and landscape agriculture Forest management and
wild-animal management Settlement development, energy and traffic
recreation, tourism and sport GENERAL PRINCIPLES
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Focal points 2010: 1.Commercializing of local products
2.Keeping the landscape open, rural conservation 3.Public relation
4.Environmental and nature education 5.Sustainable, ecologically
compatible projects of tourism ADVANCEMENT
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FLORA AND FAUNA Animals Endangered animals Symbol =
capercaillie Habitat: forest, river, biotope
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basic idea: experience the nature by feeling different grounds
Kneippism Park mit allen Sinnen (Gutach 2004) way through to
greenfield stations for hearing / feeling BAREFOOT PARK
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Thanks for your attention! Muchas gracias por su atencin! Ksznm
a figyelmet !