Command List—ROV Operator Command List—Hercules · Command List—Hercules Congratulations! You are one of the best ROVs ever created. You are pretty amazing. You can pick things

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Immersion Project and Boys & Girls Clubs of America Pilot ProgramSummer, 2003

Command List—ROV Operator

Congratulations! You get to boss around one ofthe most sophisticated ROVs ever created. It isup to you to give Hercules proper instructions.Hercules understands the following commands:

STARTSTOPGO FORWARDTURN RIGHTTURN LEFTBEND AT KNEESREACH AHEADREACH DOWNREACH UPMOVE ARM LEFTMOVE ARM RIGHTMOVE ARM BACKMOVE ARM AHEADLIFT ARMGRAB OBJECTRELEASE OBJECTTRANSFER SHOVEL TO RIGHT HANDTRANSFER SHOVEL TO LEFT HANDDIG

Notes

1. Hercules carries tools with its left hand. Itdigs and picks up objects with its right hand.

2. If you really need to add a command, you canprogram Hercules. Instruct Hercules to stopits activities and add a particular command toits vocabulary.

3. Be precise with your words. Hercules willraise an error message if you deliver com-mands that it does not understand. (You maywant to use an incorrect command once ortwice to see what happens.)

Command List—Hercules

Congratulations! You are one of the best ROVsever created. You are pretty amazing. You canpick things up and dig for buried objects on theocean floor. Even though you are incredible, youare still just a robot. That means that you needsome help from humans to figure out where togo and what to do. When your ROV operatorcomes back to get you, you will be asked torecover objects from a shipwreck. Your operatorwill provide all the commands that you need todo this job. These are the commands that youknow (memorize these commands):

STARTSTOPGO FORWARDTURN RIGHTTURN LEFTBEND AT KNEESREACH AHEADREACH DOWNREACH UPMOVE ARM LEFTMOVE ARM RIGHTMOVE ARM BACKMOVE ARM AHEADLIFT ARMGRAB OBJECTRELEASE OBJECTTRANSFER SHOVEL TO RIGHT HANDTRANSFER SHOVEL TO LEFT HANDDIG

Notes

1. Once the simulation starts, Carry your “error”card and shovel in your left hand. Pick upobjects and dig with your right hand.

2. If your ROV Operator gives you an incorrectcommand, raise your “error” card. If this hap-pens, your ROV Operator might program anew command into you. If so, you will be ableto respond to this new command for the restof the exercise.

TTheABCs of

Culture

EXPLORATION MISSION #9: CULTURE AND HISTORY

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Two of the ancient sunken ships Dr. Ballard has exploredbelonged to the Phoenicians. Their culture began more than5,000 years ago on the east coast of the Mediterranean Sea.This land is now a country called Lebanon.

The Phoenicians were resourcefultraders. They sailed all over theMediterranean Sea and beyond. Theymay even have circled Africa. Theybuilt buildings as tall as six stories insome of their cities. And they werefamous for their beautiful purple cloth,which only rich people could afford. TheGreeks named them after this cloth.Phoenix is the Greek word for purple.

One of the most important things the Phoenicians did was todevelop the first alphabet. Try to imagine life without a writtenlanguage. It seems impossible, but people lived without writingfor many thousands of years. Then, about 5,000 years ago,the Sumerians in Mesopotamia developed the world’s firstwritten language. It was based on small picture symbols. TheSumerians’ writing was useful, but limited.

The Phoenicians were impressed with the Sumerian writing.They improved on it in a very important way. The Phoeniciansmade the great leap from writing based on little pictures towriting based on the sounds of words—phonograms.

Later, the Greeks improved on the Phoenician alphabet evenfurther. The Greek alphabet was used and changed by theRomans. And the Romans spread their alphabet, which werecognize as our own, all over Europe.

Unfortunately, the ancient Phoenician writings did not survive.But the Greeks’ did. Their plays, poems, and essays are some ofthe greatest in the world. We still have original records of them.The Romans were inspired by the great writing and cultureof the Greeks. They also produced brilliant works of poetry,science, and history, all written in Latin.

KEY WORDS

The following words arehighlighted in this mission:

PhoeniciansA nation of people who

lived in the land ofCanaan (now calledLebanon), beginning

about 5,000 years ago.

AlphabetA sequence of symbols

that represents the differentsounds contained in words.

PhonogramsWritten symbols that rep-

resent the sounds thatmake up words.

SumeriansA nation of people in

southern Mesopotamiawho developed the first

written language andnumber symbols.

MesopotamiaThe land between theTigris and Euphrates

Rivers in modern-day Iraq.This is where the

Sumerians developed thefirst written language.

Activity

Develop Your Own Alphabet!

In ancient writing, people drew little pictures of thethings they were writing about. But, as time wenton, letters became more symbolic. After all, youwouldn’t want to have to make a detailed drawingof a house every time you wanted to write theword “house.” Writing would become like an end-less game of Pictionary!

Many of the words in these ancient languages wereone or two syllables. As the symbols became sim-pler, the Phoenicians began to use them to repre-sent the sounds of the words instead of theobjects. For example, the symbol for house, “beth,”began to be pronounced “beh.” When put togetherin different combinations, these sound symbols-or

letters, as we now call them-could be used to rep-resent any spoken word. This is how the firstalphabet came about. In this Mission, you are goingto show how alphabets are created.

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Steps

1. On the chart on the next page, list four or fivecommon household objects. Try choosingobjects that the ancient people did not have.(Example: a paper clip.)

2. In the second column, make a simple drawingof each object.

3. Simplify each drawing again to make it easierand quicker to draw. Do this two more times.Now you should have an original drawing ofeach object and three simpler drawings. Thelast (simplest) drawing is the “letter” youhave just created.

4. In the last box, write the sound you want yourletter to represent. Use the English alphabetto show the sound. (Example: paper clip couldbe “P” or “K.”)

5. You’ve just created the first phonograms of yourown alphabet—an alphabet based on sound!Now combine two of the phonograms to write aword in English. (You can use English vowels if youhaven’t created your own.) Remember, the lan-guage is still English, but the letters are different.

6. Play around with your alphabet. See whatEnglish words you can write with the lettersyou have created.

READY TO BEGIN?

Materials NeededPaper and pencil

Charts of ancient alphabets

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Taking It Further

Try to complete your alphabet so you can use it to write any English word you want. The easiest way to do thisis to create a symbol for each letter of the English alphabet-26 all together.

To do this, write out the English alphabet. Put the phonograms you have already created next to the Englishletters that sound the same. (Example: the paper clip symbol goes next to P.)

If you want a bigger challenge, try improving upon the English alphabet. For example, are there some lettersthat stand for similar sounds? Imagine how much easier spelling would be if we only had one sound for theseletters. “Base,” “price,” and “mass” would all use the same letter for the “S” sound, for example.

Are there some combinations of letters that could be better represented with one letter (such as “th”)? If youspeak another language, do you know of sounds that don’t have corresponding letters in the English alphabet(such as the cedilla in Spanish)? Can you make letters for those sounds?

Vowels are the trickiest part. They can sound different depending on your accent. Each vowel also makes morethan one sound. The letter “A,” for example, can stand for five different sounds. Some of these sounds can beduplicated by other letters. Maybe you can get along with fewer or different vowels in your alphabet!

Add as many letters as you like. Remember, the fewer letters there are, the easier it will be to learn youralphabet. When you finish your alphabet, try using it to spell out English words. Can you write sentences too?

Congratulations! You have just invented a new alphabet for the English language, and probably for otherEuropean languages as well. You did this the same way that the ancient Phoenicians did so long ago. Only ittook them hundreds of years—maybe a thousand.

OBJECT1st

SIMPLER DRAWING

Example: Paper Clip

Object #2

Object #3

Object #4

Object #5

2ndSIMPLER DRAWING

3rdSIMPLER DRAWING SOUND

"P"

TTimeCapsules:

Finding BuriedTreasure

EXPLORATION MISSION #10: CULTURE AND HISTORY

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There are thousands of ancient shipwrecks in the Black andMediterranean Seas. The U.S. Navy discovered two suchwrecks off the coast of Ashkelon, Israel, in 1997. Dr. Ballardmounted an expedition to examine these wrecks in 1999. Hediscovered well-preserved Phoenician ships that were over2,700 years old! During the summer of 2003, Dr. Ballard willuse the ROV Hercules to excavate portions of these ships.

One of Dr. Ballard’s most remarkable finds on these wreckswas a large number of unbroken amphorae. An amphora is aclay container with two handles on its neck. Amphorae wereusually 2 to 3 feet tall. We have learned much about ancientMediterranean people and their cultures from their amphorae.

For thousands of years, people all over the Mediterranean usedamphorae for storage and shipping. Wine, olive oil, onions,grain, and fruit are just a few of the items that they shippedin amphorae. Most amphorae were pointed or tapered at thebottom so that people could easily stick them in the sand, leanthem against a wall, or nest them together at the bottom of aship. They were the 55-gallon drums of the ancient world!

For archaeologists, amphorae are important. Often, they are theonly artifacts remaining from an ancient shipwreck. Each nation ortribe made amphorae in different styles at different times. Thisis why archaeologists study amphorae from different locations tofigure out ancient trade routes and trading partners. This helpsthem understand how cultures spread and influenced each other.

Archaeologists often use facts and discoveries like this to piecetogether a picture of the ancient world. They make inferencesabout the activities of ancient people. They are also able todevelop a chronology of events in the ancient world. One impor-tant way they do this is by analyzing the sherds of amphorae atmany undersea and land-based sites. By recording and fittingtogether many small facts, they can form a big picture of howancient people lived, traded, fought, and influenced each other. Thishelps us understand the ancient cultures and civilizations thatgave birth to the most important parts of our own culture—our language, art, science, and mathematics.

KEY WORDS


ExpeditionA trip with a purpose! In

science, a trip undertakenwith specific goals, requiringa great deal of preparation,

planning, and expense.

ExcavateTo methodically uncoverand search for remains

of the past.

Amphora(plural amphorae)

A large, round claycontainer used by ancientpeople to transport and

store goods.

ChronologyThe arrangement of

events in the order inwhich they took place.

ArchaeologistA scientist who studies oldhuman life and culture byexcavating and interpret-ing artifacts that ancientpeople have left behind.

InferenceA reasonable guess or

conclusion that is based onobserving and analyzingcertain events or facts.

SherdsPieces of broken objects,

usually pottery, foundat archaeological sites.Sherds provide cluesabout the activities ofthe people who madeand used the objects.

Materials NeededActivity

Be a Trash Detective

Pretend you are an archaeologist of the future. It isyour goal to find out more about the habits of thepeople who lived in your area in the year 2003.Archaeologists often look for artifacts in vehiclespeople used to transport themselves and theirgoods (like ships). They also look in places wherepeople lived together, as you might expect. And,believe it or not, ancient garbage dumps have oftenbeen rich sources of archaeological information.

Paper

Pencil

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Steps

1. Pretend you’re living in the year 2503, 500years from now. You know little or nothingabout the people you are going to study.

2. Choose a “site” to excavate with at least sixdifferent objects. It could be a transportationsite, such as the glove box or trunk of a car,or maybe a garage. Or choose a living site,such as a chest of drawers, closet, or locker.Don’t start to explore any of these placeswithout the owner’s permission.

3. Write down four items you find at your site.Draw a map of these items in place anddescribe them carefully. What are they madeof? What are their possible uses?

4. What activities took place at or near yoursite? What kind of person was last at yoursite? (Young or old, male or female, and so on.)

5. What do the objects you found tell you aboutthese “ancient people?”

Example

A candy bar wrapper tells you that these people couldmake paper, had a phonetic alphabet, manufacturedglue, grew numerous food crops (like sugar, whichwill be on the list of ingredients), distributed theirgoods widely (since the candy probably wasn’tmade locally), and likely had some problems withtooth decay! You can probably make more suchguesses by looking at a wrapper.

Taking It Further

Building up a chain of inferences from some smallfacts or observations is called “inductive reasoning.”It is the basis for much of the science of archaeology.It is also important in medicine and detective work!

One of the most famous users of this method wasthe fictional detective Sherlock Holmes. Try readingone of the Sherlock Homes stories. They were writtenby Sir Arthur Conan Doyle. When he was studyingto be a doctor, Doyle learned the technique fromone of his professors. The Sherlock Holmes storiesare great examples of the power of this kind oflogic. A Scandal in Bohemia, The Adventure of theGreek Interpreter, and the first few pages of TheHound of the Baskervilles all have fine examplesof Holmes’ powers of observation and reasoning.

READY TO BEGIN?

AExploringCareer

Choices

EXPLORATION MISSION #11: CAREERS

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A marine archaeology expedition like Dr. Ballard’s 2003 trip tothe Black Sea requires a team of people doing many differentjobs. Expeditions like it have engineers, oceanographers,archaeologists, historians, filmmakers, and people from manyother disciplines. All these people have different careers,and they work together to make the expedition a success.

A career is a job or a series of jobs that relates to a person’sspecial interests and skills. People often have more than onejob in their careers. For example, a career in baseball couldinclude playing, then scouting, coaching, and managing. A careerin education could lead from teaching to being a principal,then superintendent of a school district. Or a teacher couldchange subjects or grade levels, but still be in the samecareer-education.

At this point, you may not know which of your skills andinterests you want to use in a career. That’s okay-it’s earlyyet! Career choices can take time. And, just like a pair ofshoes, a career should fit. Often, people are happy withcareers that use their talents and relate to their interests.

Some people like careers that take them into several differentjobs and to new places. Other people may want to have acareer that keeps them in one job at home. Many peopleswitch careers for ones that fit them better. Others find newjobs that let them use their skills in new ways. Some switchcareers because they develop new interests.

You will be thinking about all of these things one day.You, too, will make decisions about what career to pursue.Eventually, you too will work at a job where you feel happyand successful.

KEY WORDS


DisciplineA field of science. Archaeology,

geology, and oceanographyare all scientific disciplines.

CareerAll the jobs a person has in onefield throughout his or her life.

Materials NeededActivity

Exploring Careers on a MarineArchaeology Exploration

In this activity, you will read about some of the peoplewho work in marine archaeology. As you will see,their backgrounds are pretty different-maybe you’llfind something in there that sparks your curiosity!

Highlighter

Pen

Paper

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Steps

1. Read the following descriptions of peopleinvolved with a marine archaeology expedition.See how they apply their interests to theirjobs. Highlight the parts you like about thepeople and their careers.

KAREN:FilmProducer

Originally from asmall town inTennessee, Karenoperates a filmproduction studioin New York City.She studied artand history in

college. As a producer, Karen suggests ideas fornew documentaries. She also finds sponsors,crews, writers, and technicians. Her most difficulttask is coordinating teams to create her films.Karen is currently working on a film about Dr.Ballard’s expedition. This will be her fourth film onarchaeology. “I love my job! I combine two of mygreatest interests-managing projects and makingmovies. My talents for organizing and supervisinghelp me be an effective producer.”

MARCUS:EquipmentOperator

Marcus began his careeras a boat-engine mechanicfor the U.S. Navy. Hereturned to school to studyhow submarines can bedesigned to stay underwater longer. He considersthe high point of his careerto be the three months hespent in a small submarine with only a few othercolleagues, testing equipment that an archaeologiston a boat can operate under water. Marcus’favorite part of his job is tinkering with electricalequipment. He hates all of the paperwork he has tofill out. “I love working by myself and following myown instincts about engines. I am looking forwardto designing my own submarine someday.”

READY TO BEGIN?

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MARIA:Geologist

Maria works all over theworld, studying earthquakesand landslides. She worksoutdoors, where she collectsrock samples and investigatesland formations. She alsospends a lot of time writingup her research. Her currentresearch focuses on the originsof past earthquakes near theBlack Sea. Maria attends

several international conferences every year andadvises college geology students. “What I enjoymost about this expedition is working with lots ofdifferent people who all share my interest in thegeology of the Black Sea region. I have a lot toteach, and a lot to learn.”

SAMIM:TravelCoordinator

Samim is originallyfrom Turkey andbegan his career asa salesman. He ownshis own travelagency, making travelplans for projectslike this one. From his office, he talks to people,mostly vacationers and business people, abouttheir travel arrangements. With the help of hiscomputer, he finds the best prices on hotels,plane tickets, entertainment, and rental cars.“I’m a natural salesman, and my math skillscome in handy for calculating discounts. I liketalking to anyone who calls and servicing theirtravel needs.”

2. Imagine yourself in the future—20 years from now, or maybe even longer. What is your career? What haveyou accomplished? Have you opened your own restaurant? Have you helped cure people of cancer? Have youstudied ancient civilizations and advised museums on their exhibits? Have you written a best-selling novel?

Use your imagination, and describe your career path. Here are a few questions to help you get started:

• If you could accomplish anything, what would it be?

• Do you have any major goals? If so, what are they and how are you going to achieve them?

• What are your greatest interests?

• Do you care about making a lot of money?

• Do you care about helping people, or making the world a better place?

• Are there any jobs that have always sounded interesting and exciting to you?

Taking It Further

You have just spent some time imagining your future career. It might help you to learn how older people in yourlife found their careers. How did they come to make their career choices? Did their choices match their talentsand skills? Are they happy with their choices? Find some time to sit down with family members, tribal elders,or others. Ask them some of the following questions or some of your own. Maybe they have some lessonsthey can share with you! You might be surprised by what you learn.

When you were my age . . .

1. What was your favorite subject in school?

2. How did you spend your free time?

3. Was there anything you did especially well?

4. Did you have a career in mind? If so, what was it?

5. Did you follow that career path? If not, what changed your mind?

6. Did you run into any problems in following your career path?

7. Did your parents have specific ideas about what careers you should choose?

8. Who helped you make your career decisions?

9. Were your choices different because you were male/female?

10.Do you like your job now? Why? Why not?

11. I want to pursue ____________________. Can you offer me any advice?

12.Given my skills and interests, what careers do you think I should consider?

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TCareer Journey:

To theBottom ofthe Sea!

EXPLORATION MISSION #12: CAREERS

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This summer, Dr. Robert Ballard is exploring the bottom ofthe Black Sea, almost 400 feet deep. He is looking for signsthat people once lived there before a huge flood. He also issearching for ancient ships at the bottom of the sea. He andhis team are using remotely operated vehicles (ROVs) toexplore the ocean floor. They are using a brand new ROVnamed Hercules, that can excavate archaeological sitesunderwater.

This kind of expedition requires many people to be successful.There are archaeologists, engineers, marine biologists, a ship’scaptain and crew, a navigator, divers, mechanics, computertechnicians, communications specialists, and many more.

Undersea exploration hasn’t always been this complicated.Two thousand years ago, a guild of divers trained themselvesto explore under the Mediterranean Sea. They were diving tobring back treasure from sunken ships. They held their breathand could stay under for about two minutes. These ancientdivers probably used stones to help them get down to thesea floor. To help them see, they took a mouthful of olive oildown with them. When they spit it out, the olive oil formed aclear layer in front of their eyes.

Undersea exploration certainly has changed a lot in 2,000years! Of course, so have many other human activities. Newtechnology, methods, and inventions have created many newcareer opportunities. These changes are happening faster andfaster. Some scientists think that there will be 1,000 timesmore new technology in the next hundred years than therewas in the past hundred years.

New technology may cause some jobs to change and createother new careers. Many of these new

careers and jobs will presentexciting opportunities for

you in the future!

KEY WORDS

The following words arehighlighted in this mission:ROV

A Remotely OperatedVehicle; a type of robot

that moves in response tocommands that people

provide from a distance.

ArchaeologistA scientist who studiesancient human life and

culture by excavating andinterpreting artifacts thatpeople have left behind.

GuildA group of people skilledat a particular job whoband together to try tohelp and protect each

other’s interests.

NavigatorA specialist in guiding aship, boat, airplane, orother vehicle along its

correct and safe course.

Activity

The Year 2053—You’re the Boss!

Do you think that the divers of 2,000 yearsago might have imagined some of the moderntools we use to explore the sea? They just might have. All inventions begin in the humanimagination! The first drawings of a helicopterwere made by Leonardo da Vinci over 500years ago.

Technological change is happening faster all thetime. It’s fun to imagine what some of those changesmight be, and what new jobs they will create. In fact,it’s that kind of imagining that leads to excitingnew inventions and technologies. Are you ready tostart inventing? Let’s go!

Imagine that you have decided to start an underwatermission 50 years from now, in the year 2053. Whatcareers would your team members need to makeyour expedition successful?

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Steps

1. First, decide on two or three goals for yourexpedition. Use your imagination—the sky (orthe sea) is the limit! For example, do you wantto find life forms in the deep sea that no onehas ever seen before? Set a world record forhow long a person can live underwater?Communicate with marine mammals likewhales and dolphins? Open an underwaterrestaurant or hotel? Write a novel set in thefirst underwater neighborhood? Imagine whatyou would like to do, study, or find, and writethis down on your worksheet.

2. Think of one or two devices or a technologythat might be invented 50 years from now tohelp you in your mission: a device that allowswhales and humans to communicate, anunderwater home, or something else like that.Write your ideas down on your worksheet.

3. Now think about everyone you will need to helpyou on your mission. They could be different kindsof scientists, engineers, computer programmers,navigators, writers, photographers, doctors,veterinarians . . . it all depends on your mission.

One way to think about all these different careersis to look through the “help wanted” section of thenewspaper. (Sunday editions of big city newspapersusually have the biggest “help wanted” sections,with many different jobs listed.)

On the worksheet on the next page, write downthe job titles of people you will need to hire foryour mission. Next to the job title, write down ashort description of what they would do on yourmission, and the qualifications needed-what youwill look for when you hire them.

Here’s an example of one job, for a mission to setup an underwater laboratory for finding sea lifethat could help doctors treat human diseases.

Title: Botanist (a scientist specializing in plants).

Job on your mission: Help identify underwaterplant life that could heal illnesses.

Qualifications needed: Ability to use a “plant-alyzer,”an invention from the year 2050 that instantly tellswhether a plant could be useful as a medicine.

READY TO BEGIN?

Materials NeededWorksheet

Pencil or pen

Sunday “help wanted” sectionfrom a major city newspaper

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YOUR MISSION: _________________________________________

MISSION DESCRIPTION: _________________________________________

_________________________________________

_________________________________________

_________________________________________

JOB TITLE: _________________________________________

JOB DESCRIPTION: _________________________________________

JOB QUALIFICATIONS: _________________________________________

JOB TITLE: _________________________________________

JOB DESCRIPTION: _________________________________________

JOB QUALIFICATIONS: _________________________________________

FUTURE INVENTIONS: _________________________________________

_________________________________________

_________________________________________

_________________________________________

_________________________________________

GOOD LUCK!!

4. After you havecompleted yourlist, circle thejob you wouldmost like to doif you weren’tthe boss. Whatpreparations doyou think youwould need tomake in order toprepare for thatcareer?

Taking It Further

Read the journal entry below from a teacher whowent on a mission at sea. She joined an internationalteam of scientists on a 36-day ocean voyage toexplore Puna Ridge, three miles under the sea.This ridge was created by eruptions from Hawaii’sKilauea volcano.

Look up any words you don’t know in the dictionary.

Then think about the Year 2053 mission you cameup with. Make up some journal entries from yourexpedition. Maybe everything goes well-or maybesomething completely unexpected happens!

First NightBy Iris Clyne

September 26, 1998. Last night’s sleep on the open oceanwas a lullaby. Except for a few big waves against the hullonce in a while (I’m guessing that’s when we crossed theedge of Alenuihaha), the seas gently rocked us into a deepslumber. Ahhh, to awaken to the beautiful deep blue oceanat South Point and still have mild seas.

You can’t imagine the amount of work that goes into a triplike this. There are 12 computers set up in the main lab.Some are to run mathematical analyses, generate maps andmodels, and some I’m not sure quite what they do yet. Aswe prepare to reach our research spot, everyone is making sure their programs will work with the data they

will obtain. Technical glitches later could result in lost time and money.

Basically, the idea is to get every inch of this ridge mapped in such a great detail that scientists can thenbegin to figure out how and why volcanoes form the way they do. Because Kilaeau has been erupting foralmost 16 years and it’s an easy volcano to study because of its location and type, it can be used as a modelfor understanding many other volcanic formations.

We’re making our first run over the Puna Ridge and dropping in transponders to bounce signals off. It hastaken 5 hours to drop 10 transponders in just the right location. We’re halfway there and it’s dark. But thebright lights on deck keep the crew and scientists working until it’s all done. Even then we keep on moving.Next we’ll be making a U-turn to survey each transponder and make sure we know exactly where they are.Then comes the fun part, sending down ROVs to take measurements!

Adapted from Hawaii Teacher on Board: Journals at Sea

http://www.punaridge.org/doc/journals/Default.htm

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First NightBy Iris Clyne

APPENDIX

APPENDIX

49

THE BLACK SEA

THE EASTERN MEDITERRANEAN

A P P E ND I

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THE BLACK SEA AND EASTERN MEDITERRANEAN

AP

P E N DI X

51


USA PILOTPROGRAMSITES: Immersion Project and Boys & Girls Clubs of America

A P P E ND I

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Phoenician CivilizationSumerian Civilization

Tigris

Euphrates

Mesopotamia

400 mi

400 km0

0

Mediterranean Sea

ASIA

AFRICA

EUROPE

SEE MISSION #9 FOR REFERENCEAPP

ENDIX

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Imm

ersion Project and B

oys & Girls C

lubs of Am

erica Pilot P

rogramS

umm

er, 2003

Documents

Command List—ROV Operator Command List—Hercules · Command List—Hercules Congratulations! You are one of the best ROVs ever created. You are pretty amazing. You can pick things