Commerce stream Slide 2 Chartered Accountant Chartered
Accountants deal with the management of money and provide financial
advice. They maintain records of financial transactions which every
organization is required to keep by law and also carry out company
audits. Salary: 2.67 Lakhs to 14 Lakhs per annum Std XII Stream:
Science, Commerce Career Interest: Business, Clerical Slide 3 Job
Profile Chartered Accountants are members of the Institute of
Chartered Accountants of India. They work in private practice or in
the accounts department of firms and organisations. The range of
work in private practice can vary enormously according to the size
and place (city) of practice. If it is a large practising firm
there is greater specialisation of individual accountants within
the organization. Computers are widely used in accounting and
auditing. Accountants summarize transactions in standard formats
for financial records, calculate projected financial ratios, or
organize data in special formats for financial analysis. Slide 4
Accountants may be involved in any of the following tasks:
Financial accounting Financial accounting deals with keeping
financial records. The job involves interpreting accounts,
supervising, controlling and organising expenditure and income,
etc. It includes compiling daily, monthly and yearly management
accounts. The tasks are: Operating accounts Carrying out internal
audits Dealing with wages and salaries Paying accounts and sending
out invoices Managing tax Slide 5 Auditing Statutory audits are
required as per the Company Act by both the private and public
sector. CAs carry out internal audit to keep track of management
procedures and internal controls and ensure that records are
accurate and controls are appropriate. They review compliance with
corporate policies and procedures. Tax auditors review financial
records and other information provided by taxpayers to determine
the appropriate tax liability. Government departments have tax
auditors who may be appointed to audit the taxpayers accounts.
Slide 6 Cost accounting Cost accounting deals with the complex
business of working out what particular operations, jobs, products
really cost to produce. It extends to Budgeting and budgetary
control Forecasting Monitoring expenditure to see that costs are
not over- shooting Slide 7 Tax management CAs specialise as tax
managers and assist in optimising the firm's financial structure.
They look at the tax implications of new plans, changes in company
structures, in fact any major decision. They advise on the tax
effect of performance goals. Slide 8 Management accounting
Management Accounting is a task senior chartered accountants
perform. They collect, organise, collate and analyse information
from all parts of the organization. Make regular critical analysis
of past and present financial performance Make projections for the
future. Slide 9 Consultancy Consultancy is a challenging opening
for bright and ambitious young CAs. Business today needs right
information related to accounting. Consultant's functions relate to
the following areas : Corporate law advice regarding company
formation and structure, liquidation and financial aspects Project
planning and advice on financial resource Investigation of share
valuation for takeovers, issue of capital shares, amalgamation with
other firms. Business advice regarding expansion, profit analysis,
profit improvement, joint venture programmes, etc. Secretarial
practice and procedures. Information Systems management Slide 10 CA
in the industry In the industry CAs are generally found in the
higher positions of the accounting department and in the finance
division at all levels. Besides the regular role CAs are involved
with planning and financial strategies, preparing prospectuses for
share issues, managing pension funds and long-term investments,
investigation of prospective investments, merger or takeover. Slide
11 Skills required A disciplined attitude for hard work Good
understanding of socio-economic environment in which organisations
operate Numerical ability Logical and methodical approach Ability
to take stress Attentive to detail Ability to deal with different
types of people Necessary skills in applying theoretical knowledge
to practical situations Ethical values Analytical mind Good verbal
and written expression Business acumen Patient and industrious
Slide 12 Independent professional practice Chartered Accountants
firm Capital market services Business houses and industry
Consultancy firms Large organizations and institutions Financial
Institutions There are over 78,000 members of the Institute of
Chartered Accountants,70% of whom work in public practice and the
remaining are engaged in services in trade and industry. Employment
Opportunities Slide 13 Earnings 2.67 Lakhs to 14 Lakhs per annum
(Salary data sourced from PayScale.com) Earnings Details Chartered
Accountants earnings depend on the position in a company. The
average income could range from Rs 60,000 to Rs 1.8 lakhs per
month. At senior level the sky is the limit. Slide 14 Slide 15
Slide 16 All students aspiring to become Chartered Accountants must
register for Integrated Professional Competence Course (IPCC) with
the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India. * (CPT)Common
Proficiency Test is held in Common Proficiency Test examinations
are held in June & December every year. ** Along with the
Professional Competence Course (PCC) students must register for
articled training of a period of three and half years. After 3
months of article ship students have to register and undergo 100
Hours Information Technology Training. After successful completion
of 100 Hours of Information Technology Training and also completion
of 15 months of articled training (as on 1st February/1st August
for appearing in May/November Examination or 18 months of articled
training as on 1st May/November). *** On the successful completion
of nine months training, they can appear for the IPCC Integrated
Professional Competency Exam. They will also have to complete the
100 hours of Information Technology Training Course and 35 hours of
orientation course. Slide 17 Slide 18 Cost accountant Cost
accountants are also known as management accountants. They collate
and analyze all financial information for use by the management of
the organization they work for. Their work is specifically meant
for internal use. Std XII Stream: Science, Commerce Career
Interest: Business, Clerical Slide 19 Job Profile Cost Accountants
Collect, organize, collate and analyze internal and financial
information for evaluating, critical analyses and regulating past
and present financial performance and for making projections for
the future Monitor costs of raw materials, labor, transportation,
administrative costs, overheads etc. in an industry Analyze sales
trends. Cost audit to assess company's past performance, current
product profile and for giving advise on product pricing. Monitor
performance and efficiency to locate and report on problems Advise
ways of economizing by analyzing costs and implications of
different production methods. Control the budget Prepare regular
cost reports Help develop a competitive edge in products quality,
customer service, brand image etc. for maximization of profits. May
act as Executors or Administrators, Appraisers, Secretarial
consultants, Tax consultants, Advisors in company matters, mergers,
acquisitions Prepare feasibility studies of projects. Slide 20
Skills required Analytical mind An eye for detail Awareness of
global business and economic environment Responsibility Good
business judgment An objective outlook Team Player Commitment
resilience Slide 21 Employment Opportunities Management of Public
& Private sector enterprises Financial Institutions All India
Cost Accounts Service (ICAS) Teaching Consultancy. Independent
practice Top Recruiting Companies All India Cost and Management
Accountants Society www.aicmas.com Management accounting portal
www.cmaindia.informe.com/ Expert in Management Accounting,
www.intota.com/expert-consultant Slide 22 Slide 23 Where to study?
Prestigious Institutes in India Prestigious Institutes Institute of
Cost and Work Accountants Slide 24 Credit Analyst Credit analysts
are finance professionals who analyze credit data and financial
statements and banking details etc. to estimate and evaluate the
risk in lending money to individuals or businesses. Std XII Stream:
Science, Commerce Mandatory Subject: Mathematics Career Interest:
Business, Clerical Slide 25 Job Profile Business Credit Analysts
Evaluate risks in disbursing business loans. Study the assets and
liabilities statements, profits and losses, and net sales. May
conduct an on site evaluation of clients business vis--vis
competitors. Discuss with the bank or financial institution about
their dealings with the client. Evaluate security of the clients
business based on the management activity, economic status, and
potential growth. Provide a complete report of their findings to
the bank. Approve loans for the client after due analysis of risks.
Prepare the documents related to disbursement of loans. Guide the
client through the application process. Constantly study market and
economic trends. Consumer Credit Analyst Analyze personal loan
risks. Study credit history, assets and liabilities Do background
check for financial status and compliance. Provide details to the
bank Slide 26 Skills Required Good Mathematical skill Computing
skills Adept at organizing, analyzing and reporting data Strong
interpersonal skills Skills in working with details and numbers
Interest in Marketing activity Good Communication skill Problem
solving skill Good interviewing skills Slide 27 Employment
Opportunities Banks Corporates Industries Investment Banks
Financial Institutions Insurance companies Government loan
divisions Credit rating agencies Fixed income domain Private equity
firms Slide 28 Recruiting Companies Barclays Shared Services
Private Ltd. Wells Fargo, India Credit Analysis and Research Ltd
(CARE) GKC India Honeywell, Bangalore Eaton Corporation,Pune Slide
29 Slide 30 Where to study? Prestigious Institutes in India
Prestigious Institutes Hindustan Electronics Academy Indian
Institutes of Management Slide 31 Finance Manager Financial
managers prepare financial reports, advise on investments and are
involved in financial management strategies and planning for
business viability. Salary: 4.02 Lakhs to 18.46 Lakhs per annum Std
XII Stream: Science, Commerce Mandatory Subject: Maths Slide 32 Job
Profile Financial Managers Manufacturing, communications, finance,
education, or health care sectors employ one or more financial
managers. The positions are of treasurer, controller, credit
manager, cash manager, and others who are responsible for preparing
financial reports to meet tax and other regulatory demands. Finance
Managers Oversee the flow of cash and finances. Develop information
to assess the present and future financial status of the firm.
Planning and controlling the flow of funds within and outside of
the organization. Work with top management to arrange for long term
finance. Slide 33 Develop financial and economic policy, establish
procedures, delegate authority, and oversee the implementation of
these policies. Set up budgetary systems, financial services and
make appraisals of the adequacy of accounting methods. Maintain
liaison with banking personnel, financial institutions, treasury
officials for sourcing funds, and control financial activities.
Plan, coordinate and manage the financial operation for
diversification of business operations. Investment analysis Source
funds, issue management and viable project investments for success
of a project. Slide 34 Merchant Bankers Manage new issues, credit
syndication, government consent, accept fixed deposits from
companies and manage portfolios. Assess, source funds and promote
projects. Advise corporates on issues which are related to capital
markets, investments, management, government or concerning
portfolios of individuals or societies. Act as financial
intermediaries for the transfer of capital from the investor to the
investment firm. Slide 35 Equity Analyst Carry on equity research
and analysis used for guiding investment decisions. Offer objective
assessment of investment plans. Conduct financial statement and
cash flow analysis Estimate supply and demand and also make profit
predictions. Slide 36 Portfolio Managers Understand the securities
market Guide clients in portfolio selection Carry out economic,
industrial and company analysis measuring earnings, and forecasting
earnings Carry out bond analysis and strategies, performance
evaluation and investment management Slide 37 Treasury Managers
Treasury and foreign exchange function involves have assumed
importance with the increase in flow of foreign exchange from
foreign markets into India. The treasury profit centres depend upon
the treasury managers skills in Financial forecasting Financial
management and Assessment of cost of currency funds Slide 38 Slide
39 Employment Opportunities Finance managers work for large
national and multinational business and trading firms, finance and
leasing companies, banks, and consultancies. In large organizations
finance managers function is to handle separate sections e.g
manager in-charge costing, business manager, commercial manager,
manager indirect and direct taxation etc. Treasury Managers work
for national and international banks, corporate and financial
institutions Slide 40 Slide 41 Slide 42 Where to study? Prestigious
Institutes in India Slide 43 Corporate Lawyer Corporate lawyers
advise corporations and businesses regarding legal aspects of
running a business. They advise regarding the corporate rights,
privileges and obligations. Std XII Stream: Science, Commerce,
Humanities/Arts Career Interest: Business, Clerical Slide 44 Job
Profile Corporate lawyers Study constitutional provisions, statutes
and previous court judgments with regard to corporate disputes
Study and keep a record of laws and ordinances passed and the
decisions of quasi-judicial bodies that work in the corporate
domain. They advise the corporate regarding judicial proceedings,
both for defense and prosecution cases. Handle legal work and
represent the corporate with court proceedings. Advise the
corporate in a range of transactions, such as acquisitions and
mergers, to protect the corporate from legal default. They advise
the company's management during meetings with business partners,
shareholders or clients. Slide 45 Skills Required Good
communication skills Numerical ability Business awareness
Responsibility Analytical skills Researching skills Confidientially
Slide 46 Employment Opportunities Corporate & Industries Legal
Publishers Consultancies Newspapers and business magazines
Universities law departments Public Sector Units Slide 47 Slide 48
Slide 49 Slide 50 Activities on the internet are governed by cyber
laws. Cyber lawyers are equipped to interpret and enforce cyber
laws to regulate activities in cyberspace. Std XII Stream: Science,
Commerce, Humanities/Arts Career Interest: Business, Clerical Cyber
Lawyer Slide 51 job profile Cyber lawyers Interpret cyber laws to
their clients Conduct due diligence i.e ensure that any security
obligations agreed to in a contractual agreement are not breached,
identify sensitive personal information etc. Conduct Audit Draft
Best Security Practices and check Compliance Certify Income Tax Act
Compliance Compliance of the Security & Exchange Board Provide
e-documentation services Carry out process-specific solutions in
areas like Legal Process Outsourcing, e-Publishing, e-commerce,
Software Services, Audit & Compliance. Deal with cases related
to credit card frauds, internet hacking, cyber stalking,
pornography, cyber threats and crimes related to Intellectual
Property, Copyrights & Trademarks. Slide 52 Employment
Opportunities Consultancies IT firms Banks Police and investigative
agencies Law firms Web developers Corporates Government Information
Division Law schools Multinational companies Slide 53 Slide 54
Slide 55 Slide 56 Economist Economists analyse issues related to
growth and development, welfare and policy formulation, and assess
their long and short term significance for the country. Economics
is the study of production and distribution processes and the most
effective means of utilizing available resources. Salary: 2.45
Lakhs to 25 Lakhs per annum Std XII Stream: Science, Commerce,
Humanities/Arts Mandatory Subjects: Economics, Maths Career
Interest: Business, Clerical Slide 57 Job Profile Economists work
in one of the three sectors: Government and public sector
enterprises Industry and trade Banking and finance Economists often
specialise as research economists, business economists,
agricultural economists, financial economists, international,
industrial or labour economists. Slide 58 Research economists
Develop mathematical models to explain and interpret business
cycles, inflation, effects of tax policies or unemployment. Use
Mathematics and Statistics to the theory and principles of
economics. Apply econometrics for analysis and prediction of all
economic activity. Slide 59 Business economists Work as company's
administrators, making decisions about company policies, plan
future business activities in relation to general business
conditions, national and international trade policies, governmental
regulations and directives. Slide 60 Agricultural economists Study
economic aspects of agricultural problems in order to increase
efficiency of farm management, improve farm income and effect
favourable agricultural legislation. Forecast production and
consumption of agricultural products Locate optimum markets and
deal with agricultural financing. Slide 61 Financial economists
Develop monetary policies and predict financial activity. Examine
credit structures and collection, banking methods and procedures to
devise techniques for regulation of lending, fixing interest and
discount rates. Slide 62 International economists Collect and
analyze statistical data and other information on foreign trade for
favourable trade balances Establish acceptable international trade
policies, exchange controls and operation of foreign exchanges.
Study, implementation and formulation of policies on investments,
and transfer of capital on the international scene. Slide 63 Labour
economists Study labour trends and policies Handle labour disputes,
unions, industrial policies of management Work as advisors to
government or industry. Industrial economists Studies the
organizational structures of business to make maximum use of assets
Investigate methods of financing, production costs, techniques of
marketing policies for possible improvements. Analyse market trends
to relate production for future consumption and interpret effects
of governments regulations and legal restrictions on industrial
policies. Slide 64 Slide 65 Slide 66 Recruiting Companies
Multinational Banks (HSBC, ABN AMRO, Citi Bank etc),Media groups
e.g Economic Times, Business India, CNBC etc. Stock Exchanges, Tata
AIG, LIC, Reserve Bank of India etc. Slide 67 *Graduates can
specialize at the post graduate level. Postgraduation in business
economics is suggested for entering the banking and business
sector, business journalism for entry into journalism and media
reporting on business matters. **Graduates in Economics/Statistics
in the 21-28 age group are eligible for the IES examination
conducted by UPSC. This is a Central Government Service which is
involved in economic planning and analysis through state boards,
planning commissions, financial organisations and government bodies
for the country. The announcement for the examination is made in
March every year for the examination in September.The written
examination has 2 parts - General English and General Studies
papers of 150 marks each. In Part II there are 3 papers of
Economic. Two papers on General Economics and one in Indian
Economics. Economics papers are of the graduate/postgraduate
standard.Selected candidates have to clear an interview, after
which they are appointed to Grade IV posts. Slide 68 Reserve Bank
of India Reserve Bank of India, Department of Economic Analysis and
Policy, recruits postgraduates in Economics as research officers
through a written test,. The selection examinations are announced
through newspapers. Postgraduates in Economics, in the age group of
21-28 years (relaxation for Doctorates), are eligible for the RBI
written examination. Selected candidate have to appear in an
interview for final selection. The selection is conducted by the
Reserve Bank of India Services Board, Hong Kong Bank Building, MG
Road, P O Box 10009, Mumbai 400 023. Slide 69 Slide 70 Retail
Manager The retail industry has businesses such as departmental
stores, shopping malls and brand outlets. Retail outlets are
professionally managed and involve on-floor display, sales,
inventory, storage and sales promotions of products. Salary: 1.57
Lakh to 7.58 Lakhs per annum Std XII Stream: Science, Commerce,
Humanities/Arts Career Interest: Business, Clerical Slide 71 Job
Profile Retail marketing involves:Sourcing and procurement
Merchandising Supply chain management Store Operations Product
development Promotion Pricing Distribution to retail outlets
Marketing Finance HR and IT operations as part of the support
services Slide 72 Slide 73 Employment Opportunities Retail outlets
Export houses Departmental stores Manufacturers Financial
institutions for marketing IT and BPO Education sector Publishing
houses Healthcare product manufacturers Sports equipment and sports
gear manufacturers Slide 74 Recruiting Companies AV Birla Group
Bharti Walmart K Raheja Group Landmark Group Pantaloon Retail
Piramal Group Reliance Tata group Slide 75 Slide 76 Slide 77 Stock
Broker Stock exchanges are like market places where stockbrokers
buy and sell securities for individuals or institutions. Salary:
1.82 Lakh to 11.83 Lakhs per annum Std XII Stream: Science,
Commerce, Humanities/Arts Career Interest: Business, Clerical Slide
78 Job Profile Stock Brokers Carry out operations for private
clients and institutional clients Act as dealers (client investment
managers) Advise (equity sales advisors) Provide services for
portfolio management Review investments in the light of trends and
developments in the market Are specialists in Bond issue, mutual
funds etc Slide 79 In large firms stock brokers Deal with and
advise smaller firms Securities brokers work with private clients
to understand the investment plans and objectives of the client i.e
expectation for returns and interest in risk taking Execute orders
to buy and sell securities Advise on the sale and purchase of stock
Advise for investments Carry out market transactions Work in pre
sales, sales and after sales services for securities Carry out
investment banking for firms and the government Slide 80 As
Securities Analysts Advise on floatation's of shares in conjunction
with the merchant banks Have knowledge of the market to be able to
anticipate certain trends and make predictions Slide 81 Stock
broking analysts Work with firms which provide advice on buying and
selling of shares and also by those firms which have funds to be
managed Fund managers in merchant banks, insurance and pension
funds are involved with huge investments made by millions of
investors. The funds are eventually disbursed as insurance claims,
pensions etc. They as specialists are financial advisors who
provide advice on the how and where concerning investment Slide 82
Slide 83 Employment Opportunities Large Businesses Broking firms
Investment banks Traditional banks dealing with broking firms
Investment consultancies Insurance companies Pension funds
Foundations Mutual funds Other financial institutions Magazines and
Newspapers Research Slide 84 Recruiting Companies Karvy Consultants
HSBC InvestDirect(India) Ltd. Kotak Securities Ltd. Motilal Oswal
Securities Ltd. Slide 85 Slide 86 Thanks
