Commercial TV:

Information for profitMedia English 2

Fall 2011Ryukyu Daigaku

History• First televisions were developed in the 1930s.• Popularity grew in late 1940s, after the war. • Early programs mimicked live radio. • “Golden era” in 1960s and 1970s.

• In America, huge audiences for three networks.

• By mid-1980s, cable TV arrived. • More choices = smaller audiences.

• Definition of “mass” media begins to change.

Economics• Radio began in U.S. as a commercial

enterprise. • Not operated by government but regulated. • Private companies insist on profit system. • Advertising is foundation of private media. • Now in digital world, advertisers are worried

about TV’s ability to reach customers.

Early programs• They were produced live in studios. • More like theater (plays) than movies.• Evolved to focus more on social realities during

Golden era but sought largest audiences possible.

• Today, that has changed. • Emphasis is on cinematic productions.

• High quality lighting, cameras, sound.• Complicated stories. • Tight formulas.

Vitameatavegimen

I Love LucyYear

U.S. vs. Japan TVU.S.

• Huge markets allow expensive productions.

• Reality TV series now highly popular: American Idol, Dancing with the Stars, Survivor.

• Limited public broadcasting on PBS.

• Comedy: Mostly satire for younger audiences.

Japan• Fewer expensive

dramas.

• More music and variety.

• Much more comedy for all ages.

• NHK sets standards with serious programming.

Most watched

in USA50.15 million

M*A*S*H, last episodeFeb. 28, 1983

BEIJING OLYMPICS

OPENING CEREMONIES

984 MILLION +842 MILLION ON CCTV

CHINA

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Cable & Satellite TV• Result of technological improvements.• Created new emphasis on capturing smaller,

tighter markets – driven by demographics.• Age, gender, ethnicity, nationalism. • Allowed advertisers to target audiences

more carefully. Aimed ads specifically at viewers.

• Created big new demand for content (shows).

TV’s Effects• How we decide• How we socialize• How we live at home• How we see ourselves and others

TV’s Doubtful future• Advertisers fear the web and DVRs. • Tablets and other screens• Apple into the market – new challenge?• Mobile TV• What happens to traditional TV?

The End

•Turn off the TV!