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Passive Optics Workshop
Commercially Available CCDCameras and their Application in
Passive Optical Aeronomy
Jeff BaumgardnerBoston University
Passive Optics Workshop
Review of Some Relevant CCDParameters
• Quantum Efficiency (Q.E.)
• Dark Signal
• Read Noise
• Charge Transfer Efficiency (CTE)
• Well Depth
• Gain
• Frame or Interline Transfer
Passive Optics Workshop
Passive Optics Workshop
For 13 micronpixels
Passive Optics Workshop
Passive Optics Workshop
EMCCD Noise Characteristics(from ANDOR iXon Camera Data Sheet)
Passive Optics Workshop
Typical CTE and Well Depth for13.5 Micron Pixel Size
Passive Optics Workshop
Full Frame CCD
Passive Optics Workshop
Frame Transfer CCD
Passive Optics Workshop
Interline Transfer CCD
Passive Optics Workshop
Interline Transfer with Microlens
Passive Optics Workshop
CCD Camera Packaging andCooling Options
• Vacuum Dewar
• Back Filled with Dry Gas
• Peltier Cooling (Air or Water Circulation)
• Liquid Nitrogen
• Other (e.g. Cryotiger or Freon)
Passive Optics Workshop
CCD Camera Packaging cont.
• Window(s) (Material, Coating, Size)• Shutter (Speed and Size)
– Vignetting Issues
• Computer Interface– Parallel– USB– PCI Card– Other
Passive Optics Workshop
Choice of CCD Camera Dependson Type of Measurements
• Dayglow (High Signal, High Background)
• Nightglow Imaging (Moderate Signal)
• Auroral Imaging (High Signal, Short Exp.)
• High Dispersion Spectroscopy(Low Signal)
Passive Optics WorkshopFrom: Pallamraju Cedar Tutorial June 2003
Passive Optics WorkshopFrom: Pallamraju Cedar Tutorial June 2003
Passive Optics WorkshopFrom: Pallamraju Cedar Tutorial June 2003
Passive Optics Workshop
S/N and Scene Brightnessfor F/1, 27 micron pixels, Dark=0.01 e/sec, and FA=8 Å
Passive Optics Workshop
S/N for Bright Aurora
Passive Optics Workshop
Off the Shelf CCD Cameras
• Finger Lakes Instrumentation (FLI)• Model CM-2
– 1024 x 1024 E2V CCD (CCD47-10)– 13 micron Pixels– Q.E. 84% @ 500nm– Dark Signal ~0.3 e/pix/sec @-20 deg.C– Read noise ~8 e (rms) @ 200kHz– Gain 1.9 e/dn– Water or Air Cooled Peltier, Dry Gas Backfill– USB Interface
Passive Optics Workshop
FLI CM-1
Passive Optics Workshop
FLI CM-1 Dimensions
Passive Optics Workshop
FLI CM-1 Flat Fields
• 5577A 7774A
Passive Optics Workshop
FLI CM-1Dark and Read Noise
Single 2 min dark 2 min dark - median average of 100 darks
S.D.=10 electrons
Passive Optics Workshop
Off the Shelf CCD Cameras(cont.)
• Andor Technology• Model DW436N
– 2048 x 2048 (E2V CCD42-40)– 13.5 micron Pixels– Q.E. ~85% @500nm– Dark Signal ~0.002 e/pix/sec @-70 deg.C(water)– Read Noise ~3 electrons (rms) @ 31 kHz– Gain 0.7 e/dn (Gain can be changed)– Water or Air Cooled Peltier, Vacuum Head– PCI interface
Passive Optics Workshop
ANDOR DW436N
Passive Optics Workshop
Andor DW436N Dimensions
Passive Optics Workshop
ANDOR DW436N Flat Fields
5577 A 7774 A
Passive Optics Workshop
ANDOR DW436N Dark and ReadNoise
S.D. = 2.07 electrons2 Min Dark Binned 2 x 2
Passive Optics Workshop
Off the Shelf CCD Cameras(cont.)
• PixelVision• Model: Spectra Video (Discontinued)
– 1024 x1024 (SiTe SIA 003AB)– 24 micron Pixels– Q.E. ~75% @700nm– Dark Signal ~ 0.6 e/pix @ -40 deg.C– Read Noise ~ 5 e (rms) @ 40 kHz– Gain ~ 1.9 e/dn– Water Cooled Peltier,Vacuum Head– PCI with Optical Cables
Passive Optics Workshop
PixelVision SpectraVideo
Passive Optics Workshop
PixelVision/SiTe Flat Field7774 A
Passive Optics Workshop
PixelVision Dark and Read Noise
S.D. = 7.72 electrons2 min integration
Passive Optics Workshop
Example of Flat Fielding Data