“A QUICK VIEW TO COMMON ALLOPATHIC DRUGS

FOR HOMOEOPATHIC PRACTITIONERS”

1.)ANTIASTHAMATIC DRUGS

BRONCHODILATORS:

MAST CELL STABILISERS:

CORTICOSTEROIDS:

Adrenaline Ephedrine Isoprenaline Salbutamol Theophylline Atropine

Ketotifen Beclomethasone

Drugs that stimulates beta-receptors:-

They stimulates beta-receptors in the bronchial smooth muscles and thus relieves acute attacks by relieving pulmonary congestion.

o ADRENALINEo ISOPRENALINEo SALBUTAMOLo ORCIPRENALINE

BRONCHODILATORS:- They produce direct relaxant effect

on bronchial smooth muscles thus relieving attack

They are:-EPHEDRINE. THEOPHYLLINE CROMOLYN

AMINOPHYLLINE BRAND NAME:-Aminophylline, Minophyl Its used in alleviating symptoms of

chronic asthama,bronchitis,emphysema.

Always discontinue if pt.develops Irregular heart beats,peptic ulcers,respiratory infection.

TERBUTALINE BRAND NAME:- Bricanyl inhaler, Terbil,Brozeet. Its used as an inhalant to treat asthama,

chronic bronchitis,emphysema. Adverse effects:chest

pain,palpitations,drowsiness,dry mouth, increased sweating,facial edema.

THEOPHYLLINE BRAND NAME:- Deriphylline Its useful in relieving symptoms of

asthama,ch.bronchitis,emphysema and in apnoea of premature babies.

Adverse effects : Dizziness,diarrhoea,palpitations,skin rash and itching,weakness and tiredness.

ANTIHISTAMINES When a foreign protien(antigen) is

injected in an individual,the RE System responds by forming specific antibodies ,which circulate and later are absorbed by the tissues. When a large dose of the same antigen is injected after few weeks,it combines with the antibodies,thus producing an Antigen-Antibody Reaction .It damages the tissue mast cells leading to the liberation of histamines and other substances,this state is called as ANAPHYLAXIS.

“These drugs antagonize the action of histamines liberated in the body or administered exogenously. Mainly used for symptomatic relief of Allergic disorders”

CLASSIFICATION OF DRUGS

Drugs that produce low sedation : Phenyramine, Phenindamine ,

Mepyramine Drugs that produce moderate

sedation:Triplenamine,Chlorpheniramine.

Drugs with high sedation:Promethazine,Diphenhydramine

STEROIDS “CORTICOSTEROIDS” include

natural glucocorticoids and mineralocorticoids and their synthetic analogues.

Corticosteroids prescribed have only and only palliative function.The underlying disease continues to progress while the manifestations are dampened.

“ADRENOCORTICAL STEROIDS”:- The adrenal medulla produces adrenaline and nor-adrenaline, adrenal cortex has 3 layers of cells: Outer most (zona glomerulosa) secreting MINERALOCORTICOIDS which influence water and mineral metabolism ,middle layer (zona fasciculata) secretes GLUCOCORTICOIDS influencing carbohydrate metabolism,inner most (zona reticulosa)secretes ANDROGENIC or sex steroids.

GLUCOCORTICOIDS:-They are Hydrocortisone(cortisol) most important glucocorticoid secreted in man,Cortisone and Corticosterone.

MINERALOCORTICOIDS:-Aldosterone and Deoxycorticosterone (both are natural),Fludrocortisone (synthetic) used for salt-retaining effect.

BETAMETHASONE BRAND NAME:-Betnelan,Betnaso,Cortil It’s a corticosteroid treats

allergies,breathing problems,skin problems,asthama arthritis and many conditions. Steroids should be withdrawn as soon as possible if started recently and gradually tapered if used over a period of time since they suppress our immune system,making it more vulnerable to bacterial,viral,parasitic and fungal infections.

Must avoid alcohol and tobacco if on betamethasone.

If diabetic,betamethasone needs to be taken very cautiously.

ADVERSE EFFECTS:-Mental depression,mood swings,severe muscle cramps,sleep diosorders,unusual bruises, weight gain or loss,petechial spots over skin.

DEXAMETHASONE BRAND NAME:- Dexomet ,Stedax,

Idizone. Its also a corticosteroid,and given in

allergic disorders, but must be given in smallest possible dose,for the shortest period of time.

ADVERSE EFFECTS:-Confusion,menstrual problems,facial oedema,pain whole body.

PREDNISOLONE BRAND NAME:-

Nucort,Acticort,Omnacortil,Wysolone. Its also a corticosteroid. ADVERSE EFFECTS:-Fever,sore

throat,sneezing and other signs of infection,Increased frequency of urine,Hallucinations,Irregular heart beats, mental depression,non healing wounds.

OTHER CORTICOSTEROIDS:-Fluocinolone (Flucort, Flucocin), Hydrocortisone (Primacort).

“ANALGESICS AND ANTIPYRETIC DRUGS”

ASPIRIN BRAND NAME:-Ecospirin , Loprin. Aspirin takes care only of the symptoms of

an underlying infection but not the infection itself .It must be noted that it should be taken on empty stomach as it can cause bleeding in the stomach or intestines.Bleeding can occur without warning and in this respect,older persons are likely to suffer the most.

ADVERSE EFFECTS: Severe abdominal pain Severe cramps Heartburn Bleeding stomach ulcers Vomiting or spitting blood

Symptoms from Aspirin usage requiring Homoeopathic Physicians Attention:-

Abnormal Weakness Decreased urination Heartburn

PARACETAMOL BRAND NAME:-Metacin, Calpol, Febrex. Its an analgesic and an antipyretic,but

not an effective anti-inflammatory. It can cause liver and kidney damage in

the aged patients. ADVERSE EFFECTS:-petechial

spots,skin rash,itching,hives.

“NSAID and ANTI-RHEUMATIC DRUGS”

DICLOFENAC BRAND NAME:-Voveron. Its used in the treatment of mild to

moderate pain and in relieving symptoms of RA,OA, Spondylitis.

ADVERSE EFFECTS:-GI Toxicity,Heartburn,severe cramps,drowsiness,increased or decreased BP,weight gain.

IBUPROFEN BRAND NAME:-Brufen , Ibugesic. Its used in fever and pain,

including pain due to RA and OA. ADVERSE EFFECTS:-Loss of

appetite,chest pain, breathing difficulty,muscle cramps, trembling,

PHENYLBUTAZONE It relieves pain and inflammation

of RA and Acute Gout. WHO has advised the older people

to avoid this drug as it has caused numerous deaths because of severe adverse effects (as its toxic to the bone marrow and can kill wbc’s)

“ANTI-ALLERGIC DRUGS”

CETRIZINE BRAND NAME:- Cetrin, Zyncet, Cetzin,

Cetrizet. Its used to relieve or prevent the

symptoms of seasonal rhinitis and other types of allergy,also it helps to relieve itching and hives.

It’s a mild bronchodilator. ADVERSE EFFECTS:-Increased

sensitivity to sun,skin rash,rapid heart beat.

CHLORPHENIRAMINE BRAND NAME:-Cadistin,Polaramine. TRADE NAME:-Chlorpheniramine Maleate. Its used commonly to treat colds,but

not a proper med. Of choice as it worsen cold by thickening nasal secretions and drying mucous membranes with drowsiness.

DIPHENHYDRAMINE BRAND NAME:- Benadryl. Its also used in forms of syrups

to treat cough.

FEXOFENADINE BRAND NAME :-Allegra, Fexofen,

Ultigra. It’s a non-sedating antihistamine. It relieves seasonal allergies and

chronic itching. ADVERSE EFFECTS:-Skin rash,

thickening of bronchial secretions,rapid heart beat.

“DRUGS FOR HYPERACIDITY, REFLUX AND ULCERS”

RANITIDINE BRAND NAME:-Aciloc ,Rantac, Zintac ,

Ranitin. It prevents the release of stomach acid

and is used to treat ulcers and conditions caused by excess stomach acid.

For the treatment of ulcers,its advisable to get a pathological blood test done for detecting the presence of helicobacter pylori before the treatment.

LANSOPRAZOLE BRAND NAME:-Lancid, Lanpro. It prevents secretion of gastric acid and

is used in the treatment of ulcers with antibiotics.

Its given in short term treatment for severe GERD.

ADVERSE EFFECTS:-Indigestion,rectal bleeding,muscle cramps.

“ANTI-HYPERTENSIVE DRUGS”

AMLODIPINE BRAND NAME:-Amdipine,Amlopres, Stamlo. It’s a calcium channel blocker .It

works by affecting the calcium concentration un the heart and muscle cells.This relaxes the blood vessels,thus reducing the amount of work the heart has to do. It relieves different chest pain and also lowers high BP.

Others:-DILTIAZEM(dilgard)

“BETA-BLOCKERS” They reduce the workload on the

heart,helping it to beat more regularly. They only controls, but doesn’t cure high BP .They also relieves chest pain,and can be useful after a heart attack.

ADVERSE EFFECTS :-Irregular heart beats,breathing difficulties,dizziness.

Example:ATENOLOL(betacard),METOPROLOL(betalok)

ACE INHIBITORS They controls high BP by relaxing blood

vessels,which is not a cure. ADVERSE EFFECTS:-Chest

pain,palpitations, rapid heart beat,breathing difficulty,numbness,facial oedema.

Example:-CAPTOPRIL(aceten),ENALAPRIL(envas,normace,vasonorm)

DIGOXIN BRAND NAME:-Cardioxin,Digox It’s a cardiac glycoside that

helps a weakened heart to function properly,increases strength of the heart muscle.

Adverse effects:-headache, Fainting spells,drowsiness.

“HORMONES”

PROGESTINS BRAND NAME:-Progest,Gestone,Annin. It produces a secretory endometrium

and maintenance of pregnancy. Used in the treatment of threatened and

habitual abortion,relieves premenstrual tension,treats DUB,used to induce menstruation in amenorrhoea,as contraceptive.

THYROXINE BRAND NAME:-

Eltroxin,Thyronorm,Thyrox. It’s the drug of choice for THYROID

REPLACEMENT THERAPY. ADVERSE EFFECTS:-Changes in

menstrual period,dry puffy skin,constipation,chest pain,weight gain.

“ANTI-DIABETIC DRUGS”

BIGUANIDES They lower blood sugar level only in

diabetic individuals. They potentiatethe hypoglycemic

action of insulin and sulphonylureas. They inhibit lipogenesis in adipose

tissues. They increase fibrinolytic activity of

plasma. Drugs are:-Phenformin,Metformin.

INSULIN BRAND NAME:-Actrapid,

Human Mixtard. It regulates amount of sugar

in blood and thus prevents or reduces long term complications including damage to blood vessels,eyes,kidneys or nerves.

SULFONYLUREAS These drugs lower blood sugar level

on oral or parenteral administration. They are effective only in case of

functional pancreas. They produce increase in body

weight like insulin. DRUGS:-

Tolbutamide,Chlorpropamide,Acetahexamide.

ANTI-CONVULSANT DRUGS

ACETAZOLAMIDE(Acetamide) CARBAMAZEPINE(carbatol,carbazin) CLONAZEPAM(clonapax,ozepam) PHENOBARBITAL(epitan,gardenal,lu

minal,phenobarbitone) PHENYTOIN(epsolin,phetoin) VALPROIC ACID

ANTI-DEPRESSANT DRUGS

AMITRIPTYLINE(amitone,tryptomer,sarotena)

CHLORPROMAZINE(chloractil) IMIPRAMINE(antidep,depsol,depson

il) LITHIUM(intalith,lalithium) TRIFLUOPERAZINE(psycalm,relical

m)

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