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Common Women’s Clothing in Colonial
New England
By Anastasiya Bolgova 7A1-ID3
NEW WORLD= NEW OPPORTUNITIES
Ah! Colonial New
England, a land of
freedom and new
possibilities! That means
that the colonists can
dress more freely and
comfortably, right?
WELL… NOT REALLY
THE ACTUAL BEGINNING
S
ince the New England colonies were settled first, they were the first to
experience the hardship which they were not fully ready to face.
Both men and women alike brought either one outfit or two and if their
clothes got ripped or soiled during the first few months, that was too
bad for them. The ships that were sent to England took a long time to
arrive and the costs were very high.
M
ore comfortable clothing could have been worn, but the Puritans and
Separatists were very strict about everything
LAYERS: SHIFTT
his was the first layer in the clothing of the women. This
layer was just a long straight dress with three quarter
sleeves or long sleeves.
T
his was usually made by the woman herself and was the
most washed article of clothing.
T
he shift functioned as an undergarment during the day and a
nightgown during the night.
This article of clothing was unisex and was worn by both
genders.
LAYERS: STAYST
he stays come on next on top of the garment. They can be
referred to as corsets but they are a bit different from corsets.
T
he stay is put in place to correct the posture of the woman
because the posture is as important as the dress of the woman,
if not more.
T
he stays were fastened around the waist, and for common
women it only changed the shape of their body slightly. Unlike
those of the higher class women whose stays choked them and
deformed their bodies.
T
he stays also often had a network of reeds within the fabric.
LAYERS: PETTICOAT(S)
T
he petticoat is an undergarment that is usually worn
in sets of 3 or 4.
T
he petticoats give the skirt that is put on top of them
volume.
T
he petticoat is usually a long skirt with several
ruffles to give it the volume effect.
I
t is usually tied back with a string connected to the
hemline, in the New England colonies.
LAYERS: WAIST COAT
T
he waistcoat was a fitted jacket worn
over the shift.
T
he waistcoat was worn on the top
portion of the body and as the name
suggests it was fitted or tied back at
the waist
A
lthough the waistcoat gave hardly
any support like the stay did it was
often used to accentuate the waist,
for it was one of the most noted
features in a proper lady.
✓
LAYERS: SKIRT
T
he skirt was, well a skirt, it was an
outer garment and one of the
outermost layers in women's clothing.
T
he skirt was worn over the petticoats
and with the help of the petticoats it
appeared to have volume.
T
he skirt was floor length but was
ankle length for young girls because
they tend to run around more and it
was a sign of age and status
AH! The HORROR! Our ankles AND our knees will show!
LAYERS: GOWN
T
he gown also defines itself. It was just a gown
worn over the multiple petticoats and the
shift.
L
ike the skirt, the gown was floor length for
grown women, but ankle length for girls.
T
he gowns often showed your social class even
in – gasp!- The Puritan and Separatist
communities.
T
he apron was worn over the
waistcoat and skirt or the gown to
keep it clean.
T
he apron reached the floor like the
dress and it went up to the bust.
T
he apron was also amongst one of
the most washed articles of
clothing in colonial America.
LAYERS: APRON AND COIF
T
he coif was a hat worn by women
at all times.
T
he coif represented that the
women fear god and respect him.
T
he coif also showed the class of a
woman depending on how large it
was.
TWO SETS OF CLOTHING
T
he common colonial woman living in New England had to own at
least two different outfits.
O
ne of these outfits could be a normal, housework, everyday kind of
outfit that was easier to move around in and do housework.
T
he second outfit had to be a bit more elaborate, but still simplistic, it
was used for “Sabbath day”, or rather Sunday as we refer to it in
modern day.
Every Day
Sabbath Day
WOW! They look so… bored.
MATERIALS USED
T
he materials used included wool for warmth, beaver and deer
fur/skin for warmth durability and beaver skin was waterproof, and
flax for linen. The Northern colonies could not grow cotton because
of the cold temperatures.
Spare Me!
WOOL
Flax-Linen
NO COTTON!
Deer
Beaver
Hey! My fur isn't really waterproof, its wet, you don’t want my fur.
NOW ITS TIME FOR SEWING!!!!!
ProjectRunway time? YAY!
OMG! I love this show! Everything is so PRETTY!
SEWING IN THE COLONIES
B
ecause of expensive costs of buying clothing many colonists had to make their own clothing.
Either that or they could (later on in time) go to someone and get it custom made for them.
M
ajority of the colonist population knew how to sew and sewed, even the men.
D
uring the winter, because of the cold weather, men would sit and help the women, in this
case sew.
T
he colonists had to know several sewing techniques and to survive, they were required to
learn them.
A
side the fact that they had to know how to sew, they also had to know how to take wool and
linen and make them into cloth.
CLOTH MAKING
T
he making of the clothing all started out with natural resources, its not like
there were yards of colorful cloth growing from bushes!These along with the cloth plants DO NOT EXIST!!!
There were many steps to cultivating and preparing the clothing, it was a long and tiring procedure.
The wool had to be sheared off the sheep, sorted, carded (a process in which you use two brushes to smooth separate and soften the wool), then you could twist it into strands of thread. After all of this is done you can use your loom to weave your clothing out of wool.
The linen was a whole different story. First the Flax seeds had to be grown and cultivated. Next the fiber had to be removed from the plant. Once removed the fiber was stretched and soon twisted into thread. That thread soon was used to make cloth and the cloth to clothing.
Fur and skins was also a very different procedure. At first the colonists got the furs from Native Americans, but they soon learned how to trap and tan furs and skins. First, the anima had to be caught. Then, the skin was stripped off of the meat. Next, you stake the fur to the ground. From here on the procedures for the skin and furs are different.
Continuing from the previous slide, now you
take a dull stone and scrape off the hairs on
the outer side.
After that is done, you take the brains of your
catch, boil them until they are hot and rub the
brain both onto the hide, then you leave it to
dry in the sun for 6-8 hours.
Then, after the drying time is done you need to
soak it all in water.
After that is done stretch your hide some more
to make sure it isn't stiff, and then leave it to
dry.
The final step is to soak it all in a boiling pot of
water to make sure that everything is soft and
nice.
T
o create furs, continuing from the previous slide, you need
to pin the skin down and scrape off any excess skin on the
inner side.
T
hen, you need to boil the brains of your catch, and when the
broth is hot you can rub it all over the inner side of the skin.
T
hen, you need to let the fur hang dry for 6-8 hours.
W
hen t is ready, you follow the procedure similar to the one in
creating leather, you then soak and wash it.
N
ext, you stretch your hide in all the places and then you
hang it in the sunlight to dry.
T
he last step is to boil your fur in water and let it dry.
SKINS & FURS
Skins (leather) FursSkins and furs were mostly used to create outerwear that could be worn in the winter
COLOR
E
ven though we are talking about the strict northern colonies, bright colors
dominated in England AND the Northern Colonies.
D
on’t let the toned down colors in the VERY OLD paintings fool you the
colonial women had colorful dresses for special occasions (if
they could afford to buy or make another garment of
course).
The clothing that these women are wearing is very colorful and detailed, but this fashion was worn more in the summer season with an undergarment under them.
Yay Boston, Hurray Plymouth Baaa!
I
n the puritan settlement of Massachusetts it was illegal to wear or purchase any
garment with gold, silver, lace, or silk on it.
I
n the colonies of Plymouth and Boston, laws were proclaimed protecting sheep
because in these cold northern Colonies the weather was very cold and harsh. While
the sheep wool was a good
source of warm clothing.
S
ome places in the puritan settlements banned buttons
b
ecause they thought buttons were too fancy and mainstream.
STRANGE LAWS
TR
EN
D
FO
LL
OW
ER
S
Being good and respectful of their nation the
colonists tried to model their clothing to match
those of the English royals at that time. Even thought they had some
different opinions about the decorations on the clothing, they adored the overall fashion and style of these clothes
Kate Mi… Oh wait, wrong time period
Presenting Queen Anne. (although the neckline is highly puritan disapproved)
The colonial dress had many layers. This was both good and bad.
GOOD BAD
It was always cold in the northern colonies so the multiple layers provided warmth
The layers of clothing makes it appear as if the woman is well fed so she must be from a wealthy family
They were entrapped in their uncomfortable layers of clothing.
It was very hard to move around in several outfits.
Reminded you of a cabbage, because of the concept of this dressing
I’m stylish. You’re the cabbage!
Ha Ha! You look like a cabbage!
Images:http://cameciob.hubpages.com/hub/Funny-and-peculiar-things-about-corsets-hoops-and-other-clothes-from-grandmas-closethttp://kswpgoodfriends.files.wordpress.com/2009/10/birds-singing.jpghttp://templatespsd.net/wp-content/uploads/2011/09/Happy-Nature.jpghttp://images.quickblogcast.com/100979-93677/smiley_shy.gifhttp://ushistoryimages.com/images/colonial-dress/fullsize/colonial-dress-4.jpghttp://www.handsonhistoryinc.org/images/lwf1.tifcolonialWoman2.jpghttp://www.badgeplanet.co.uk/badges_large/smiling-face-1.jpghttp://rlv.zcache.com/happy_sheep_postcard-p239944494046403004td81_210.jpghttp://chaosmultimedia.com/pandemic/blog/blog_fashion_files/page1_blog_entry14_1.jpghttp://p2.cf.mdi.m3cdn.net/wp-content/uploads/2011/11/47c5Kate20Middleton20Prince20William2011Nov.jpghttp://www.webhistoryofengland.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/06/Anniex.jpghttp://wikihistoria.wikispaces.com/file/view/purtian_pic_2.jpghttp://images.buycostumes.com/mgen/merchandiser/32711.jpg?zm=250,250,1,0,0http://rlv.zcache.com/happy_cabbage_vegetable_smiling_postcard-p239100042623866240z7knw_152.jpghttp://www.historic-costume.com/sitebuilder/images/front9-355x600.jpghttp://www.ssdsbergen.org/Colonial/clothing%202.jpghttp://origin.kaboodle.com/hi/img/c/0/0/136/1/AAAADAgBdR0AAAAAATYa9A.jpg?v=1299618938000 http://www.shoppingblog.com/pics/project_runway_logo.jpghttp://3.bp.blogspot.com/-Fep_qJUnGEU/TqsCWowf4rI/AAAAAAAAI5Q/pcpJ8ctd8h0/s1600/Anya%2BProject%2BRunway%2Bwinner%2Bseason%2B9.jpghttp://www-tvline-com.vimg.net/wp-content/uploads/2011/10/ProjectRunway_Final4_300111027192555.jpghttp://cdn.mamapop.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/10/pr9_ep13_anya6.jpghttp://www.cotton-bales.com/Bales%20of%20Cotton.jpghttp://www.classactfabrics.com/newsletters/Alverna%20L,%20flax%20stems,%20line,%20thread.jpghttp://kompexport.com/images/Wool.www.usda.gov.jpghttp://www.nhptv.org/natureworks/graphics/whitetaileddeer1sm.jpg
Images:http://images.nationalgeographic.com/wpf/media-live/photos/000/004/cache/beaver_457_600x450.jpghttp://heritagecostumes.com/images/products/3495.jpghttp://www.profitableplants.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/03/MoneyTree.jpghttp://www.franksfurs.com/ProductImages/furcoats/LongFur07a.jpghttp://www.reenactmentcostumes.com/images/3.jpghttp://www.datazap.net/sites/uniquehandmadeitems/aprons/100_1781.jpghttp://www.bridgemanit.com/artman/uploads/dress.jpghttp://www.history.org/history/clothing/women/images/shift1.jpghttp://www.fashionjour.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/07/top_20five_20luella_20style_20floral_20skirts.jpghttp://img2.etsystatic.com/il_570xN.245255238.jpghttp://farm4.static.flickr.com/3164/2615193708_63eaf76051.jpg:Research http://www.alpharubicon.com/primitive/tanningdragoona.htmhttp://www.handsonhistoryinc.org/HOH-Page12.htmlhttp://library.thinkquest.org/C004179/wool.htmhttp://www.18cnewenglandlife.org/18cnel/Gowns.htmhttp://www.plimoth.org/learn/just-kids/homework-help/what-wearhttp://library.thinkquest.org/J002611F/clothing.htmhttp://www.localhistories.org/colonial.htmlhttp://web.ccsd.k12.wy.us/techcurr/social%20studies/05/0101pilcloth.htmlhttp://www.18cnewenglandlife.org/
BooksYour Travel Guide to Colonial America BY: Nancy DayColonial Clothes BY: Verna FisherColonial American home life BY: John F. Warner
THE END