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© 2016 American Bureau of Shipping. All rights reserved
FLNG 2016
Commonalities and contrasts with FSRU and FLNG topside integration
Tor-Ivar Guttulsrod | 21 September 2016London
• Introduction • FLNG overview• FSRU overview• Contrasting FLNGs vs FSRUs• Class role• Key takeaways
Agenda
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• Existing comprehensive offshore gas solution
• ABS classed Floating Offshore Installation
• 100,000 BOPD, 500 MMSCFD gas, 23,000 BPD LPG
• 1 mm bbl oil storage, LPG FSO, offshore Indonesia
• 30 Years Field Life: Start up in 2004
Conoco Phillips-Belanek Natuna FPSO
Image courtesy of ConocoPhillips
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• 1997 - Escravos LPG FSO- First purpose-built - LPG FSO Offshore Nigeria- (Classed by ABS)
• 2005 - Sanha LPG FPSO- First LPG FPSO- (Classed by ABS)
Offshore LPG Solutions
Images courtesy of SBM Offshore & Chevron Shipping Co.
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Offshore Production
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FLNG: Combination of 3 Industries
Onshore LNG LNG Shipping
© mmmx/ Shutterstock © Oleksandr Kalinichenko/ Shutterstock
• Address FLNG specific safety concerns- Potential for gas leaks and explosions
(NG, LPG)- Cryogenic spills
• Cargo containment systems- Requirement for unrestricted partial filling- Offshore maintenance (no dry-docking)
Specific Design Challenges for Floating LNG
• Topsides- Restricted footprint available- Motions and accelerations- Marinisation of process equipment
• Offloading- Side-by-side offloading- Tandem offloading (dedicated ships)
• Establish basis for Rules and Standards
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• Key criteria- Capacity- Metocean- Gas quality- Liquefaction technology- Products- Offtake solution- Storage system- Mooring- Offtake contracts
FLNG
Image courtesy of Petronas
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2 parallel FEEDs Samsung/JGC & IHI(JMU) /Modec (both with ABS)
FID January 2014 - awarded to JGC-Samsung consortium - ABS Class
• Rotan Gas Field (Petronas – Murphy)- Production capacity
• 1.5 MTPA of LNG- Storage tanks
• 177,000 m3 LNGTwo-row GTT Mark III
• 20,000 m3 Condensate- External Turret mooring
System- Designed for 20 years
without drydocking- Under construction (launched)
Petronas FLNG2
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ABS Notations
A1, Offshore Liquefied Gas Terminal, F(LNG) T
- Structure- Storage- Accommodations- Hull Machinery- Safety Functions - Position Mooring- Export Systems
A1, Offshore Liquefied Gas Terminal, F(LNG) PLSO
- As listing above plus gas processing and liquefaction.
FLNG Unit Classification
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• Is it a ship or an offshore installation?• Common approach is to keep it classed as a ship• Trades as a ship when not in regas service• Additional risk studies required • Cargo containment systems• Requirement for unrestricted partial filling in sheltered waters• Increased design pressure• Equipment• Restricted footprint available• Offloading• High pressure gas arm to jetty• Discharge gas through a turret buoy
Specific Design Challenges for FSRU
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Basic principles Regasification process (example)
LNG Vaporizers Metering Unit
LNG Feed pump
Pressure control valve
Swivel
STL Mooring buoy / RiserHeating water booster / circul.
pump
Steam heater
Cargo Tank SW overboard
SW suction
HP flex. hose
Heating water supply / ballast pump
Suction Drum High Pressure LNG pump
Source: Exmar, Patrick JanssensGastech 2005
• Cargo volume• Regasification capacity• Mooring and export configuration• Boil off gas handling system and
cargo handling• Heating value adjustment
requirement?
FSRU – Key Criteria
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Image courtesy of Wartsila Gas Solutions
• Melaka, Malaysia• Conversion of existing LNGC Tenaga
Satu and Tenaga Empat owned by MISC Berhad (ABS classed)
Sungai Udang Terminal
• Membrane tank vessels ~30 years old• Will serve as jetty-moored FSUs• Regas facility on jetty
Image courtesy of MISC
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Image courtesy of MISC
ABS Notations
A1, Offshore Liquefied Gas Terminal, F(LNG) RSO
- Structure- Storage- Accommodations- Hull Machinery- Safety Functions - Regasification System- Position Mooring- Export Systems
A1, Liquefied Gas Carrier (LNG) RA1, Liquefied Gas Tank Barge, (R), (Site Specific Location) (Duration on Site)
FSRU Unit Classification
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• Need for a sizeable storage volume, preferable the size of a ship’s cargo plus some buffer
• During regasification and liquefaction duty – stay permanent at a location and needs a long term mooring solution
• The processing of gas takes place on deck above cargo containment• Processing equipment needs to be able to operate reliably in the wind, waves
and weather of the project site• Structural dimensioning is typically set by ocean going criteria, transit to site for
the FLNG and trading for the FSRU
FLNG – FSRU similarities
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• The FLNG will never become a trading vessel, whilst many FSRU are • The FLNGs often have loading arms or tandem support system mounted on-
board, while this is very difficult for a unit that will or may trade• Near-shore FLNGs may have similar mooring systems as FSRUs, but true
offshore units are moored as a large FPSO• The FLNG processing and support systems are measured in tens of thousands
of tonnes, whilst the FSRU processing and support is measured in hundreds of tonnes
• Regasification is basically vaporization of a liquid and is a simple process and not much impacted by motion, but pre-treatment and liquefaction is a lot more complex and can be a lot more impacted by motion
FLNG – FSRU differences
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Design Process and Classification Role
Concept
Concept Evaluation
AIP (Approval in Principle)
Basic DesignApproval
Detail DesignApproval
FEEDDesign
DetailDesign
Fabrication
Installation
Operation
FabricationSurvey
Installation,Start-up and
Commissioning
Survey After ConstructionClient
ClassificationSociety
RequiredAvailable Support
PPA (Prelim. Planning & Advice)
Pre-FEEDDesign
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• There are definitively similarities between FSRUs and FLNGs, particularly in cargo and cargo handling
• The floating liquefaction unit is however very much a floating production unit• Most FSRUs are flexible and generic• FSRUs are designed and built as ships to enable them to have a back up
functionality as an LNG carrier, which is what enables them to be ordered on speculation supporting the current flexible market
Key takeaways
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