Commonly used Commonly used nursing-related TCM nursing-related TCM

therapiestherapies

Zhang-Jin Zhang (Zhang-Jin Zhang ( 張樟進張樟進 ))

Professor, School of Chinese MedicineProfessor, School of Chinese MedicineThe University of Hong KongThe University of Hong Kong

October 24, 2014October 24, 2014

ContentsContents

Herbal medicine Herbal medicine AcupunctureAcupuncture MoxibustionMoxibustion CuppingCupping Scraping Scraping TCM massage and pediatric massageTCM massage and pediatric massage TCM emotion-improving therapies TCM emotion-improving therapies TCM dietary therapyTCM dietary therapy Fumigating and bathing therapyFumigating and bathing therapy TCM exercise therapyTCM exercise therapy Doing Prof. Zhang’s acupressure

exercise

Moxibustion Moxibustion (( 灸灸 )-1)-1

Moxibustion (灸 ) is a TCM therapeutic and preventive therapy by using the heat traditionally produced from burning moxa ( 艾絨 ) or mugwort ( 艾蒿 ) herb to stimulate acupoints.

It is mainly used for cold-condition, such as cold stomachache, asthma, fatigue, rheumatoid arthritis, and reduced immune functions.

Moxibustion (Moxibustion (灸灸 )-2)-2

Moxibustion with moxa cones: Direct moxibustion: a small, cone-shaped moxa

is placed on the surface of an acupoint and burned.

Indirect moxibustion: Burning moxa stick is moved close to the area

being treated until the skin becomes reddish; Moxa is wrapped on the tip of inserted needle

and lighted. Heat can penetrate into the deep tissue.

Moxibustion (Moxibustion (灸灸 )-3)-3

Moxibustion with herbs (ginger, garlic, salt): Ginger: often applied at Shenque ( 神闕 , 臍中 )at the centre of the umbilicus), Guanyuan ( 關元 ) and Qihai ( 氣海 ) to treat Cold-type abdominal pain, diarrhea, menstrual pain, and joint pain.

Garlic: furuncles (癤 ) and abscesses ( 膿腫 ). Salt: rescue Yang Qi: acute gastroenteritis,

severe abdominal pain. Cold limbs with excessive sweating.

Cupping therapy (Cupping therapy ( 拔罐拔罐 ))

Cupping therapy is an ancient form of Cupping therapy is an ancient form of TCM in which a local suction is created TCM in which a local suction is created on the skin by using heat (fire) or on the skin by using heat (fire) or mechanical devices of vacuum (hand or mechanical devices of vacuum (hand or electrical pumps). electrical pumps).

The cupping is specifically effective in The cupping is specifically effective in alleviating lingering pain caused by Qi alleviating lingering pain caused by Qi and blood stagnation, characterized by and blood stagnation, characterized by pain with numbness and heaviness.pain with numbness and heaviness.

Types of cupping Types of cupping techniquestechniques

Firing cupping (Firing cupping (火罐火罐 )) Wetting cupping (Wetting cupping (湿罐湿罐 )) Vacuum (dry) cupping Vacuum (dry) cupping

(( 干罐干罐 ))

LightLight MediumMedium StrongStrong Moving cupping Moving cupping

Scrapping (Gua-Sha, Scrapping (Gua-Sha, 括痧括痧 ))

It involves the scraping of lubricated skin in a way that causes surface rash and bruising.

It is mainly used for excessive heat, stress and restlessness, sore throat, muscle aching and numbness.

Scrapping: processScrapping: process

Herbal oils are spread on the skin before the process. Then gentle scrape is performed with a scraper (best are made with buffalo horn).

the scrape is always conducted in the same direction and stopped when the skin becomes red and purple, indicating that pathogens have been removed from the deep tissue.

Tui-Na (Tui-Na ( 推拿推拿 , TCM , TCM Chiropractics)Chiropractics)

Tui-Na is a TCM-based bodywork therapeutic Tui-Na is a TCM-based bodywork therapeutic technique to treat and prevent various technique to treat and prevent various diseases. It is also used for body fitting and diseases. It is also used for body fitting and well being. well being.

Commonly used Tui-Na techniques:Commonly used Tui-Na techniques: Press (Press (按按 )) Lightly rubbing (Lightly rubbing (摩摩 ) ) Gliding (Gliding (推推 )) Kneading (Kneading (捏捏 , , 揉揉 )) Percussion (Percussion (拍拍 ))

Rotation (Rotation (滾滾 )) Rocking (Rocking (搖搖 )) Vibration (Vibration (抖抖 )) Shaking (Shaking (顫顫 )) Friction (Friction (擦擦 )) Pulling (Pulling (拔拔 ))

TCM Pediatric TCM Pediatric massage massage (( 小兒推拿小兒推拿 ))

Newborn diarrhea (Newborn diarrhea ( 新生兒腹新生兒腹瀉瀉 ))

partiality for a particular partiality for a particular kind of food (kind of food ( 小兒偏食小兒偏食 ))

Anorexia (Anorexia ( 厭食厭食 )) Pediatric obesity (Pediatric obesity ( 小兒肥胖小兒肥胖 )) Palsy (Palsy ( 腦癱腦癱 )) Wryneck (torticollis, Wryneck (torticollis, 斜頸斜頸 )) Autism (Autism ( 自閉症自閉症 ))

Representative techniquesRepresentative techniques

Knead the spine (Knead the spine ( 捏脊捏脊 )) Massage Gui-Wei ( 推龜尾 )

Rub the abdomen ( 摩腹 )

TCM emotion-improving TCM emotion-improving therapiestherapies

Basic concepts of TCM-based Basic concepts of TCM-based psychologypsychology

TCM meditation and mindfulness

Laughter and humor therapy TCM music therapy

TCM-described forms of TCM-described forms of emotionemotion

Anger (Anger (怒怒 )) Joy (Joy (喜喜 )) Pensiveness Pensiveness

(( 思思 )) Worry (Worry (憂憂 )) Fear (Fear (恐恐 )) Sadness (Sadness (悲悲 ))

Grief (Grief (哀哀 )) Shock (Shock (驚驚 )) Love (Love (戀戀 )) Hatred (Hatred (恨恨 )) Craving (Craving (貪貪 )) Guilt (Guilt (愧愧 ))

TCM-described mental-TCM-described mental-emotional symptomsemotional symptoms

Insomnia (Insomnia ( 不寐不寐 )) Tiredness (Tiredness ( 疲憊疲憊 )) Fatigue (Fatigue ( 虛勞虛勞 )) Sadness (Sadness ( 鬱鬱寡歡鬱鬱寡歡 )) Concentration Concentration

difficulties (difficulties ( 走神走神 )) Hopelessness (Hopelessness ( 無無望望 ))

Helplessness (Helplessness ( 無無助助 ))

Easily tear or cry Easily tear or cry (( 黯然淚下黯然淚下 ))

Suicidal thoughts (Suicidal thoughts ( 欲死欲死 )) Loss of interest (Loss of interest ( 失趣失趣 )) Loss of insight (Loss of insight ( 失悟失悟 )) Easily lose temper (Easily lose temper ( 易易怒怒 ))

Nervousness (Nervousness ( 心神不安心神不安 )) Anxiousness (Anxiousness ( 惶惶不安惶惶不安 )) Easily worrisome (Easily worrisome ( 憂心忡憂心忡忡忡 ))

Agitation (Agitation ( 坐臥不寧坐臥不寧 ) ) Hallucination (Hallucination ( 幻聽幻視幻聽幻視 ))

Mood status with five Mood status with five elementselements

Rage (Rage (怒怒 ) – liver () – liver (肝肝 ) – wood - sour) – wood - sour Joy (Joy (喜喜 ) – heart () – heart (心心 ) – fire - bitter) – fire - bitter Pensiveness (Pensiveness (思思 ) – spleen () – spleen (脾脾 ) – earth - sweet) – earth - sweet Sadness/grief (Sadness/grief (悲悲 ) – lung () – lung (肺肺 ) – metal - acrid) – metal - acrid Fear(Fear(恐恐 )/Worry()/Worry(憂憂 ) – kidney () – kidney (肾肾 ) – water -) – water -

saltysalty

The Mind (The Mind ( 神神 ShenShen))

The Mind is the most fundamental concept in the Chinese philosophy.

神 (Shen) also can be translated into “Spirit” in the West.

The Mind is the most essential substance and function of the body.

The Mind has two The Mind has two meaningsmeanings

The Mind indicates the activity of thinking, consciousness, insight, and memory.

The Mind indicates the five mental-spiritual aspects of a human being, the Mind itself (神 ), the Ethereal Soul (魂 ), the Corporeal Soul (魄 ), the Intellect (意 ), and the Will-Power (志 ).

The Mind gives us many The Mind gives us many capacitiescapacities

Consciousness (Consciousness (醒醒 )) Sleep (Sleep (寐寐 )) Intelligence (Intelligence (智智 )) Memory (Memory (記記 )) Insight (Insight (悟悟 ))

Wisdom (Wisdom (慧慧 )) Ideas (Ideas (意意 )) Pensiveness Pensiveness

(( 思思 )) Thinking (Thinking (想想 ))

The three treasuresThe three treasures ( 三寶 )

The three treasures are the Essence (精 ), vital energy (Qi, 氣 ), and the Mind (神 ).

The Essence is the genetic substances that are inherited from the parents.

Qi is contained in Lungs-Stomach-Spleen pathway, representing a variety of biological and physiological functions.

The Mind is the most subtle and non-material, representing psychological activities.

Relationships of the Three Relationships of the Three TreasuresTreasures

The QI (Energy, 气)

The Essence (精)

The Mind (神)

The Essence and Qi are the origin and biological basis of the Mind. If the Essence and Qi are strong, the Mind will be happy. In other words, your mental healthiness largely depends on the completeness of your pre-natal substances ( 先天之本先天之本 ) and post-natal nutrition ( 後後天之養天之養 ).

TCM emotional nursingTCM emotional nursing

Meditation and Mindfulness (internal qi-gong)

Laughter and humor therapy

Music therapy

(Buddhist) Meditation and (Buddhist) Meditation and Mindfulness (Mindfulness ( 靜思靜思 , , 意念意念 , , 坐禪坐禪 ))

Mindfulness is an important TCM Mindfulness is an important TCM psychotherapeutic technique, in which one pays psychotherapeutic technique, in which one pays attention to his or her present emotions, thoughts attention to his or her present emotions, thoughts and body sensations, such as breathing, without and body sensations, such as breathing, without passing judgment or reacting. An individual passing judgment or reacting. An individual simply releases his thoughts and "lets it go”. simply releases his thoughts and "lets it go”.

Mindful attitudes help release stress and Mindful attitudes help release stress and unhealthy emotion and foster one’s capacity tounhealthy emotion and foster one’s capacity to Enjoy scenery, conversation, and interactions. Be tolerance. Renew energy. Remember things. Slow down.

Laughter and humor therapy (( 笑聲和幽默療法笑聲和幽默療法 )

Humor Humor can be defined as that makes us laugh, smile, or amuses us. Laughter is the best medicine for releasing stress:

Enhances respiration. Enhances circulation. Oxygenates the blood. Suppresses stress-related

hormones. Activates the immune system.

Did you know that …Did you know that …

The average pre-schooler laughs or smiles 400 times a day and that number drops to 15 times a day by age 35.

People smile only 35% as much as they think they do.

Laughter releases endorphins, a chemical more powerful than morphine.

Every time you laugh you burn 3.5 calories.

Why humor can improve Why humor can improve your mental healthyour mental health

Breaks up boredom and fatigue, reduces conflict and tension.

Fulfills social needs for mastery and control.

Improves communication. At the moment we

experience humor, feelings like depression, anger and anxiety are gone.

TCM has used music therapy to aid in TCM has used music therapy to aid in bringing the body back into balance. bringing the body back into balance.

TCM music therapy is based on the TCM music therapy is based on the doctrine “Harmony between music doctrine “Harmony between music and man, harmony between heaven and man, harmony between heaven and man” (and man” ( 樂與人和樂與人和 , , 天人合一天人合一 ).).

Music therapy (Music therapy ( 音樂療音樂療法法 ))

Why music can promote Why music can promote physiological function and mood physiological function and mood

activity.activity. Music therapy is the systematic application of music Music therapy is the systematic application of music

to bring about helpful changes in the emotional or to bring about helpful changes in the emotional or physical healthiness and the ability to improve a state physical healthiness and the ability to improve a state of physical arousal and subsequent moodof physical arousal and subsequent mood by by processing a progression of musical notes of varying processing a progression of musical notes of varying tone, rhythm, and instrumentationtone, rhythm, and instrumentation for a pleasing for a pleasing effect. effect.

Music is a sensory stimulus that is processed through the sense of hearing. Sound vibrations are chemically changed into nervous impulses that activate autonomic nervous system.

Entrainment theory suggests that oscillations produced by music are received by various physiological systems entrain with or match the hertz (oscillation) of the music.

TCM Dietary therapy (TCM Dietary therapy ( 食療食療 ))

Dietary therapy is an important Dietary therapy is an important part of TCM. TCM dietary therapy part of TCM. TCM dietary therapy is based on the concept of “drug is based on the concept of “drug and food share the same and food share the same resources” (resources” ( 藥食同源藥食同源 ). ).

Aims of TCM dietary Aims of TCM dietary therapytherapy

Preserve and improve health Preserve and improve health conditions.conditions.

As complimentary therapy to As complimentary therapy to treat diseases. treat diseases.

Rehabilitation Rehabilitation

Principles of TCM dietary Principles of TCM dietary therapytherapy

Balancing the five flavors of Balancing the five flavors of food food (( 謹和五味謹和五味 ))

Having limited quantity of Having limited quantity of food regularly food regularly (( 定時定量定時定量 ))

Properly preparing foods Properly preparing foods (( 合理合理烹調烹調 ))

Seasonally regulating food Seasonally regulating food intake intake (( 四時調食四時調食 ))

Balance the five flavors of foodsBalance the five flavors of foods(( 謹和五味謹和五味 ))

Similar to herbs, TCM also classifies all foods Similar to herbs, TCM also classifies all foods into the five flavors: sour, bitter, sweet, acrid into the five flavors: sour, bitter, sweet, acrid and salty. Man should have a diverse food to and salty. Man should have a diverse food to keep a dietary balance:keep a dietary balance: Light food (Light food ( 清淡食物清淡食物 ) ) as a principal food: five as a principal food: five

grains (grains ( 五穀五穀 )), vegetables, fruit, and meats., vegetables, fruit, and meats. Limit wine, fat and greasy foods Limit wine, fat and greasy foods (( 控制酒漿及肥甘厚控制酒漿及肥甘厚

味味 ).). Avoid addicting on particular foods (Avoid addicting on particular foods ( 不偏食不偏食 ) )

and irregularly taking food: Since each of the and irregularly taking food: Since each of the five flavors of food has affinity to a specific five flavors of food has affinity to a specific internal organ, addition to a particular food internal organ, addition to a particular food may lead to an excess of certain flavor in the may lead to an excess of certain flavor in the body, resulting in imbalance.body, resulting in imbalance.

Body constitutions (Body constitutions ( 體質體質 ))

Heat-type constitution: Heat-type constitution: warm limbs with preference warm limbs with preference for cold, red face, easy thirst, prefer cold drinksfor cold, red face, easy thirst, prefer cold drinks..

Cold-type constitution: Cold-type constitution: Cold limbs with preference for Cold limbs with preference for heat, pale face, loose stool, clear and profuse urine, pale heat, pale face, loose stool, clear and profuse urine, pale tongue with white and moist coating, slow or tense tongue with white and moist coating, slow or tense pulsepulse..

Deficiency constitution: Deficiency constitution: Fatigue, spontaneous Fatigue, spontaneous sweating, dizziness, easy to catch cold, weak pulse.sweating, dizziness, easy to catch cold, weak pulse.

Excessive constitutionExcessive constitution: Aversion to heat, fast : Aversion to heat, fast respiration, constipation, red face, rapid and strong respiration, constipation, red face, rapid and strong pulse.pulse.

Neutral (balance) constitutionNeutral (balance) constitution: Clear mind with spirit, : Clear mind with spirit, automatic adjustment with the changes of climate and automatic adjustment with the changes of climate and weather conditions, regular respiration, and strong weather conditions, regular respiration, and strong muscle.muscle.

The nature of foodThe nature of food Hot-warm food: mutton ( 羊肉 ), beef, chicken, pigeon, sheep milk

( 羊奶 ), cow milk, goose eggs, carp( 鯉魚 ), yellow croacker ( 黃魚 ), hairfail ( 帶魚 ), tortoise ( 烏龜 ), cuttlefish ( 墨魚 ), brown sugar ( 紅糖 ), refined sugar ( 精糖 ), peanut, sesame ( 芝麻 ), soybean, wheat flour, date ( 紅棗 ), longan ( 龍眼肉 ), litchi ( 荔枝 ), mandarin orange, tangerine, orange, apple, green onion, garlic, Chinese chives ( 韭菜 ), coriander ( 芫荽 ), day lily ( 黃花菜 ), sweet potato ( 紅薯 ), ginger, pepper.

Neutral food: pork, pork liver ( 豬肝 ), chicken egg, jelly-fish skin ( 海蜇皮 ), tremella ( 白木耳白木耳 ), red bean, pea, radish ( 蘿蔔 ), lotus seed ( 蓮子 ), lotus root ( 蓮藕 ), Chinese yam ( 山藥 ), seed of Job’s tears ( 苡米 ), spinach ( 菠菜 ), carrot ( 紅蘿蔔 ), tomato ( 蕃茄 ), Chinese cabbage ( 大白菜 ), green bean ( 青豆 ), tofu ( 豆腐 ).

Cold-cool food: duck, duck eggs, honey, seaweed ( 海藻 ) , kelp ( 海帶 ), mung bean ( 綠豆 ), winter melon ( 冬瓜 ), water chestnut ( 馬蹄 ), water melon ( 西瓜 ), cucumber ( 黃瓜 ), lettuce ( 蒿苣 ), bamboo shoots ( 竹筍 ), black fungus ( 黑木耳 ), banana, persimmon ( 杮子 ), pear ( 梨 ).

Constitutions match tConstitutions match the nature of he nature of foodfood

People with heat-type People with heat-type constitution (constitution ( 偏熱性體質偏熱性體質 ) ) should should take more cold-cool foods. take more cold-cool foods.

People with cold-type People with cold-type constitution (constitution ( 偏寒性體質偏寒性體質 ) ) should should take more hot-warm foods. take more hot-warm foods.

Aged people are recommended Aged people are recommended to take neutral food.to take neutral food.

regularly take a limited regularly take a limited amount of food (amount of food ( 定時定量定時定量 ))

Have meals at regular time. Patients with diabetes and GI ulcer should have more frequent meals with a smaller amount of food.

Do not over-eat each meal, with a 70% of amount you can eat ( 七分飽 ).

Take sufficient breakfast, high-quality lunch, and light supper (早餐吃飽 , 中飯吃好 , 晚飯吃少 ).

Aged people whose Spleen and stomach function ( 脾胃功能 ) is much weaker than the young should have several times of meals a day with smaller amount of food each.

To prevent loss of nutrients, To prevent loss of nutrients, stimulate appetite and benefit stimulate appetite and benefit absorption, food should be absorption, food should be prepared properly.prepared properly.

Confucian said: Confucian said: eat no rice but is of the fineat no rice but is of the finest quality, nor meat but is finely minced est quality, nor meat but is finely minced (( 食食不厭精，膾不厭細不厭精，膾不厭細 ). It means that foods ). It means that foods should be made to be digestible and should be made to be digestible and mostly preservable in nutrition.mostly preservable in nutrition.

Proper preparation of food Proper preparation of food ( ( 合理烹調合理烹調 ))

Dieting (Dieting ( 忌口忌口 )) Patients with cold constitution and GI

illnesses should avoid taking cold and raw foods, such as salad and fruits.

Patients with excessive heat conditions and heart diseases (insomnia, palpitation, chest obstruction) should avoid fried, greasy, pungent, spicy foods and animal internal organs.

Patients with Kidney deficiency, including edema, diabetes, spermatorrhea, should avoid having excessively sour and spicy, salty, and alkali foods.

Common dietary porridges Common dietary porridges (( 粥粥 ))

Porridge of mung bean ( 綠豆粥 ): prevent summer stroke (中暑 ) and other heat syndromes.

Porridge of lotus leaf ( 荷葉粥 ): Ingredients: 1 piece of fresh lotus leaf(荷葉 ), 50g hyacinth bean (白扁豆 ) and 100g rice: prevent summer-heat syndromes.

Porridge of Chinese yam ( 山藥粥 ): Ingredients: 500g of Chinese yam: good for indigestion (消化不良 ), chronic diarrhea (慢性腹瀉 ), diabetics (糖尿病 ) and other chronic diseases(慢性病 ).

Porridge of red bean ( 赤小豆粥 ): Ingredients: 30g red bean, 15g polished rice and small amount of sugar. Good for diarrhea (腹瀉 ), edema(水腫 ), oral ulceration (口腔潰瘍 ) and renal diseases (腎病 ).

Porridge of coix seed ( 苡米粥 ): Ingredients: 30g boiled coix seed(熟苡米 ), proper amount of starch, sugar and sweet osmanthus flower (桂花 ). Good for health recovery, edema(水腫 ), oliguria (尿少 ), arthralgia (關節痛 ) syndromes.

Porridge of sheep’s liver ( 羊肝粥 ): Ingredients: 50g sheep liver, 50g polished rice. Improve acuity of vision (明目 ) and other eye diseases (眼疾 ).

Porridge of lily bulb ( 百合粥 ): Ingredients: 50g Lily bulb, round-shaped rice(粳米 ), proper amount of crystal sugar. Good for asthma and cough relief.

Common dietary soups and Common dietary soups and decoctions (decoctions ( 湯水湯水 ))

Bitter melon soup ( 苦瓜湯 ): Ingredient: 1 whole bitter melon, proper amount of oil and salt. Good for diabetics and internal heat syndrome.

Cucian carp soup ( 鯽魚湯 ): Ingredients: 1 piece of crucian carp, 6g of vaccaria seed (王不留行 ). Stimulate milk secretion and good for edema.

Pear soup ( 雪梨湯 ): Ingredients: 1 whole pear (梨 ), coltsfoot flower (款冬花 ), lily bulb (百合 ), Sichuan fritillary bulb (川貝 ). Good for dry cough with thick mucus and difficulty in expectoration (痰難以咳出 ) caused by lung-yin deficiency (肺陰虛 ).

Black soybean and safflower decoction ( 黑豆紅花煎黑豆紅花煎 ): Ingredients: 30g black soybean (黑豆 ), 6g safflower (紅花 ), proper amount of raw sugar. promote blood circulation and restore menstrual flow. Good for amenorrhea (閉經 ) due to blood stasis (血瘀 ), pain and cold feeling of the lower abdomen (小腹冷痛 ) and menstrual pain (痛經 ).

Tangerine Peel Decoction ( 橘皮湯 ): Ingredients: 15g Tangerine peel (Pericarpium Citri Reticulate橘皮 ) 10g almond (杏仁 ), 10g mature 絲瓜 ). regulate Lung-qi and remove mucus (調節肺氣 , 止咳除痰 ). Good for respiratory diseases with the symptoms of cough and abundant sputum.

Dietary therapy of common Dietary therapy of common cold (cold (感冒感冒 ))

Dieting: Seafood and greasy foods are avoided.

Cold type: Patients with common cold at initial stage feel cold, have mild fever, headache, stuffy nose and running ( 流鼻涕 ): Ginger infusion( 薑茶 ) with raw sugar and porridge of Schizonepeta ( 荊芥粥 ) are good for cold type disease.

Heat type: Patients with common cold show high fever and sore throat. Take infusion of Chrysanthemum Flower ( 菊花茶 ) and Honeysuckle Flower decoction ( 銀花茶 ).

Gastroduodenal Ulcer Gastroduodenal Ulcer ( (十二指腸潰瘍十二指腸潰瘍 ) )

Take soft and digestive food like porridge of Chinese yam ( 山藥粥 ) or decoction of Huang-qi ( 黃蓍湯 ). Chinese yam and lotus seed are good for alterative treatment.

Avoid taking raw, cold, sour and pungent, and fried food

avoid strong tea and coffee.

Essential hypertension Essential hypertension ( (原發性高血壓原發性高血壓 ) )

Take light food with low salt, low fat, and low cholesterol.

No smoking and drinking strong thick tea.

Hawthorn fruits ( 山楂果 ), cassia seed ( 扁豆 ), lotus leaf ( 荷葉 ), Chinese yam ( 山藥 ) and lily bulb ( 百合 ) are good for dietary therapy.

Diabetes (Diabetes (糖尿病糖尿病 ))

Avoid foods with high glucose ( 高糖 ), lipid ( 脂肪 ) and cholesterol ( 膽固醇 ).

Vegetables, leans ( 瘦肉 ) and egg are suitable for diabetes.

Huangqi ( 黃蓍 ), bitter melon ( 苦瓜 ), Chinese Yam ( 山藥 ), sea cucumbers, and trichosanthes root ( 瓜蔞根 ) are good as a supplementary treatment.

Menstrual pain (Menstrual pain ( 痛經痛經 ))

Ginger plus raw sugar tea ( 紅糖薑茶 ), black soybean and safflower decoction ( 黑豆紅花湯 ) and black jelly fungus soup ( 黑木耳湯 ).

Avoid cold and raw fruits and vegetables.

Dietary effects of teasDietary effects of teas

Tea has nutritional and pharmacological effects: Wake up and elevate alert Improve appetite and digestive functions. strengthen cardiovascular functions prevent cancer and radiations diseases.

Green tea: cold in nature, remove heat, good in summer season.

Black tea: warm in nature, warm the stomach ( 溫中健胃 ). Good in winter season.

Scented tea: moderate in nature, is good for all seasons.

Caution of taking teasCaution of taking teas

Avoid drinking concentrated tea before bedtime.

Too much tea after meal reduces food nutrition.

Tea prepared overnight impairs the functions of spleen and stomach.

Tea is not suitable for those of hyperthyroism ( 甲狀腺機能亢進 ).

Strong tea is not suitable for elderly patients and those with coronary heart diseases ( 冠心病 ), hypertension ( 高血壓 ), peptic ulcer ( 消化性潰瘍 ) and habitual constipation ( 慣性便秘 ).

Drug and tea should not be taken together.

Dietary effects of medicated Dietary effects of medicated wines (wines (藥酒藥酒 ) )

In ancient China, alcohol was considered as medicine. The Chinese word “ 醫” (medicine) is composed of “酉” that is alcohol. Remove pathogenic wind, cold and

dampness ( 驅風寒濕 ): rheumatic arthritis( 風關節炎 ).

Warm spleen and stomach ( 暖脾胃 ). improve blood circulation and

meridians ( 活血通絡 ).

Caution of drinking wines Caution of drinking wines

Never over drink, but a limited amount of drink is good.

Consult with physician or TCM practitioner before taking medicated wine.

Patients with liver diseases ( 肝病 ), kidney diseases( 腎病 ), diabetes ( 糖尿病 ), hypertension ( 高血壓 ), gastroduodenal ulcer ( 十二指腸潰瘍 ) are prohibited to drink medicated wines.

Fumigating and bathing therapyFumigating and bathing therapy(( 薰蒸療法薰蒸療法 ) and aromatherapy () and aromatherapy ( 芳香芳香療法療法 ))

It is an external approach to prevent and treat diseases by fumigating and bathing local and whole body using herbal medicine, particularly aromatic herbs, mainly including: Fumigating and steam (sauna, 薰蒸 )

Body bathing ( 中藥洗浴 ) Macerating ( 浸泡 ) Sitz bath ( 坐浴 )

Some commonly used aromatic Some commonly used aromatic materials for calming nervesmaterials for calming nerves

Lemon balm (Lemon balm ( 檸檬檸檬 ): lift spirits.): lift spirits. Geranium (Geranium ( 香葉油香葉油 ): deeply relax mood.): deeply relax mood. Lavender (Lavender ( 熏衣草熏衣草 ): relax muscles.): relax muscles. Chamomile (Chamomile ( 甘菊甘菊 ): calm nerves.): calm nerves. Sandalwood (Sandalwood ( 檀香檀香 ): reduce tension ): reduce tension

and anxiety.and anxiety. Bergamot (Bergamot ( 佛手柑香油佛手柑香油 ): calm nerves): calm nerves Frankincense (Frankincense ( 乳香乳香 ): produce a ): produce a

meditation state.meditation state.

1. Healthy skin

Ingredients Cochinese asparagus root (24g), almond, ampelopsis, silkworm, largehead atractylodes root (18g each), Dahurian angelica root (12g) and milk (500ml). The ingredients promote blood circulation and lubricate the skin.

Methods Grind all the herbal ingredients, put in a gauze bag and decoct for 20 minutes. Pour the liquid and milk into warm water (around 38℃); soak for 30 minutes.

Ingredients Ginger juice (30ml), vinegar (15ml) and wine (50ml). The ingredients improve skin texture.

Methods Pour into warm water (around 38℃); soak for 30 minutes.

Ingredients Seaweed, safflower, motherwort herb (9g each), red sage root (6g),

Methods Grind the herbal ingredients, put in a gauze bag and decoct for 20 minutes. Pour the liquid into warm water (around 38℃); soak for 30 minutes.

commonly used Chinese medicine commonly used Chinese medicine formulae for fformulae for fumigating and bathing umigating and bathing

therapytherapy of diseases of diseases

2. Excess Weight

Ingredients Dried winter melon peel (300g), poria (300g), quince fruit (100g), perilla leaf (100g) and dried tangerine peel (100). The combination promotes metabolism and enhances sweating and urination.

Methods Prepare a decoction with the ingredients. Water temperature should be lie between 39 - 42℃; soak for 10 minutes, then leave the bathtub to cool down for 3-5 minutes, repeat 4 times. A bath twice a day is recommended.

Ingredients Pilose asiabell root (9g), angelica root (9g), safflower (30g) and rose (30g). The combination promotes metabolism by enhancing blood circulation.

Methods Grind into a powder mixture, each time pour 30g into bathtub directly, keep the water temperature between 39 - 42℃ and soak for 20 minutes. Take the bath daily, 10 times as one cycle.

3. Skin sores

Ingredients Mulberry fruit (15g), hemp seed (9g), clove (6g) and Chinese lovage (10g); this combination promote the circulation of the skin and aid body lubrication;

Motherwort herb (500g); the herb reduces the swelling of the sores;

Selfheal fruit spike, honeysuckle flower, red peony root and diverse wormwood herb (30g of each), dahurian angelica root (20g) and dandelion (60g); the combination arrests inflammation and promotes healing.

Methods Prepare as a decoction; the water temperature should be about 38℃ and soak for 30 minutes.

4. Arthritis

Ingredients Mulberry twig (500g), erythrina bark (60g), Siegesbackia herb (100g), Kadsura stem (100g), Star jasmine vine (200g), honeysuckle stem (60g) and Suberect spatholobus stem (60g); the ingredients encourage circulation in the joint and lessen pain.

Methods Prepare as a decoction; the water temperature is 38℃ and soak for 20 minutes.

Ingredients Giant knotweed rhizome, peach twig, willow twig, mulberry twig and pagoda twig, 250g of each. The combination expels any obstruction and promotes circulation.

Methods Prepare as a decoction; the water temperature is 38℃ and soak for 30 minutes.

5. Insomnia

Ingredients Sour jujube seed (30g), Mimosa tree bark (15g), fleece flower stem (20g), nacre (30g), Chinese senega (30g), fossil bone (30g), oyster shell (30g), lily buds (30g), red sage root (30g), acorus (15g), schisandra (30g) and gardenia fruit (30g). The ingredients calm the mind and depress the excited state.

Methods Prepare as decoction, the water temperature is around 38℃, soak for 20 minutes.

Ingredients Jasmine (15g), rose (9g), poria (processed) and nutgrass (15g each). The ingredients calm the mind and smooth qi flow.

Methods Grind all the ingredients and pour directly into warm water (38 - 42℃); soak for 30 minutes.

6. Summer heat

Ingredients Mosla herb, cablin patchouli herb, eupatorium herb, perilla leaf (30g of each); peppermint, Schizonepeta herb, Kudzu vine root and liquorice root (20g of each); golden thread rhizome (9g); the ingredients clear heat and resolve dampness, which is good for refreshment and preventing heat rash in summer.

Methods Prepare as a decoction; the water temperature should be 35℃ and you should soak for 30 minutes, bathe in the afternoon or evening.

7. Wheal

Ingredients Schizonepeta herb and sopora root (30g of each); peppermint, Siberian cocklibur fruit and Chinese cypress bark (20g of each); cicada slough and ledebouriella root (12g of each); the ingredients help to sooth the skin.

Methods Prepare as a decoction, the water temperature is 39℃, soak for 30 minutes, avoid wind blowing after bathing.

8. Itchiness

Ingredients Ledebouriella root (30g), fresh rhemannia root (30g), notopterygium root (20g), schizonepeta herb (20g), common monkshood mother root (10g), Kusnnezoff monkshood root (10g), belvedere fruit (40g), cnidium seeds (60g) and duckweed (100g). The ingredients help to sooth the skin, promote circulation, and expel wind and heat pathogens.

Methods Prepare as a decoction, the water temperature is around 38 - 42℃, soak for 30 minutes, avoid wind after bathing.

9. Neck and shoulder soreness

Ingredients Fleece flower root, suberect spatholobus stem, mulberry twig, cassia twig (15g each), safflower (9g). The ingredients promote blood circulation and relieve muscular soreness.

Methods Prepare as a decoction, the water temperature is around 38 - 42℃, soak for 30 minutes.

Macerating therapy ( 浸泡 )

The wounded and lesion areas are topically immersed, soaked, and gently washed with hot herbal decoction. It can promote blood circulation, remove swelling and the died tissues, and relieve pain.

Sitz bathing (Sitz bathing ( 坐浴坐浴 ):): A sitz bath is a small portable tub that fits

over a toilet bowel. The purpose of a sitz bath is to immerse the buttocks and the skin between the genitals and rectum, in hot herbal decoction in circulating water.

Sitz bathing can reduce swelling, relieve discomfort or itching and remove blood, stool or urine.

Sitz bathing is particularly effective in treating genital and rectual diseases and speed healing after hemorrhoid surgery or an episiotomy.

TCM exercise therapyTCM exercise therapy is a type of internal Chinese healing art

practiced for health benefits and longevity.

A multitude of TCM exercise forms exist and most are categorized as slow movement. Taichi ( 太極 ) Eight-sectioned exercise ( 八段錦 ) Five-animal Mimicking exercise ( 五禽戲 ) Qi-gong ( 氣功 )

How exercise therapy How exercise therapy worksworks

Maximize physical abilities by Improving muscular, cardiovascular, and nervous function.

Improve respiratory function and increase lung capacity.

Harmonizing the mind and body. Improve general health and

wellbeing.

Principles and requirements of Principles and requirements of exercise therapyexercise therapy

Quiescent and dynamic exercises

Keep doing exercise daily Harmonize limbic movement

and breathing

Taichi Weakness and fatigue Degenerative diseases Cardiovascular diseases Insomnia and mood

disorders

Prof. Zhang’s de-stress acupressure Exercise Chinese term English term Frequency Time

(min) Step 1 猿臂罩百會 Press Bai-Hui (GV20, 百會) with the centre

of the palm of the arms raised like ape’s. 60 1

Step 2 佛手明二陽 Rub Jing-Ming (BL1, 睛明), Tai-Yang (EX-HN-5, 太陽) and Yang-Bai (GB14, 陽白) with the fingers made as Buddhist’s.

80 1

Step 3 禪指聰雙耳 Cover both ear openings and gently massage the surrounding area with the thumb pulps

80 1

Step 4 弓掌按風池 Thumb-press Feng-Chi (GB20, 風池). 60 1

Step 5 撐腰溫腎府 Warm the lumbar area with the palms bracing and kneading Shen-Shu (UB 23, 腎俞)

60 1

Step 6 交手定內關 Thumb-press Nei-Guan (PC6, 內關) 60 1

Step 7 收腹揉中脘 Gently massage Zhong-Wan (CV12, 中脘) in the upper abdomen under holding breath with inhaler.

60 1

Step 8 探海摩關元 Rub Qi-Hai (CV6, 氣海) and Guan-Yuan (CV4, 關元) in the lower abdomen with palms together.

60 1

Step 9 馬步走三里 Thumb-press Zu-San-Li (ST36, 足三里) on the knees bent slightly.

60 1

Step 10 俯身尋三交 Thumb-press San-Yin-Jiao (SP6, 三陰交) with the body fully stooped down.

60 1

SummarySummary

Have basic knowledge of nursing Have basic knowledge of nursing use of each therapy.use of each therapy.

Principles and aims of TCM Principles and aims of TCM Dietary therapy as well as dietary Dietary therapy as well as dietary therapy of common diseases. therapy of common diseases.

Effects of dietary teas and Effects of dietary teas and medicated wines.medicated wines.

Emotion-improving therapy and Emotion-improving therapy and bathing therapybathing therapy