Communication Process

Assignment:Define the following New Speech Terms:

1. Communication- The process of sending and receiving messages.

Communication is…

I. A 2-way or circular processA. The sending & receiving of

messagesB. Sharing & exchanging informationC. Getting ideas across

II. Categories of Communication:

A. Verbal- written or spoken communication

B. Nonverbal- (communication without words)EX: body language, facial expressions, gestures,

tone of voice, signs, eye contact, etc.

C. Symbols- anything that stands for an idea

III. Types of Communication

A. Intrapersonal

B. Interpersonal

C. Group

D. Public

E. Mass

Interpersonal Communication

Ongoing interaction between two people

Group Communication

Interaction among people who share an interest in the same thing or share a common purpose

Public Speaking

Involves one speaker or a small group of presenters talking to an audience

Mass Communication

One-way communication of mechanically reproduced messages to large audiences.

Intrapersonal Communication

Communication with yourself that occurs within your mind.

IV. 4 Ways to Present Speeches:

• Impromptu

• Manuscript

• Memorized

• Extemporaneous

1. Impromptu

a. Speaking without preparation

EX: Answering a question in class

2. Manuscript

a. Speaking from a prepared script (reading word-for-word)

b. A presidential address

3. Memorized

a. Speaking from memory

EX: Professional speeches

4. Extemporaneous

a. Speaking from an outline or notes

EX: A student’s speech

V. 4 Purposes of Communication

A. Inform

B. Persuade

C. Entertain

D. Inspire

The Communication Model:(7 Parts)

• Context• Sender• Receiver• Message• Feedback• Channel• Noise

ChannelSender Receiver

Communication Model

Message

Feedback

Context

Noise

The Context

Represented by: • The situation around which communication takes place.

The Sender

• The person who transmits a message.

Represented by:

The Receiver

• Represented by: • The person who intercepts a message and then decodes it.

The Message

• Represented by: • That which is said or sent.

The Feedback

• Represented by: • The reaction the receiver gives to a message.

The Channel

• Represented by: • The way we get our message across.

Noise, Interference, Distractions

• Represented by: • Any barrier or obstacle that gets in the way of communication.– EXTERNAL

Distractions• EX: TV too loud

– INTERNAL Distractions

• EX: Personal worry

ChannelSender Receiver

Communication Model

Message

Feedback

Context

Noise

VIII. 5 Language Registers:

A. Frozen

B. Formal

C. Consultative

D. Casual

E. Intimate

Language is classified into 5 categories called language registers.

We determine which register to use based on: who is in our audience, what our topic is, and the purpose of our communication.

It is important to use the appropriate language register so we do not offend others.

Frozen

• Pledge of Allegiance, Lord’s Prayer, Preamble to Constitution–Language that remains

fixed/unchanged

Formal

• Interviews, academic language in classroom (lectures, instruction – mini lessons), public speaking

Consultative

• Talking to a boss/supervisor/teacher, lawyer, doctor, counselor–Asking for assistance

Casual

• Talking with friends, slang

Intimate

• Language of lovers–Not for public information

Universal Rule• A person can go from one register to the

next register without any conflicts whatsoever (casual to consultative…); however, if a person go from one register to another register, skipping a level or more, this is considered anti-social behavior (i.e. moving from frozen to intimate, etc. marks a difference between a public voice and private voice.

Review:

• What is communication?• List the categories of communication.• What are the 5 Communication Arenas?• What are the 4 Ways to Present?• What are the 4 Purposes of Speeches?• What are the 5 Language Registers?• Can you draw and label the

Communication Model?

6.2. 3.

4.

5.

1.

7.