Communication system for Smart Grid - NYISO … THE BRIGHT STAR IN UTILITY COMMUNICATIONS What Devices are involved in Substation? •Protection Relays for various schemes (Current

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THE BRIGHT STAR IN UTILITY COMMUNICATIONS

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A leading global manufacturer of

electronic instruments and electromechanical devices

1Clear Vision • Sound Strategies • Solid Performance

Communication System

For

Smart Grid Ready

Electrical Substation

Presented to

(NYISO)

(12/9/10)

Presented by: K Naik

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Smart Grid Working Definition

An Electric Utility transmission and distribution

infrastructure which securely incorporates information and

communications technology into all aspects of energy

supply, delivery and consumption to enable energy markets,

improve system reliability and customer service, reduce

operational and customer costs, improve efficiency and

minimize environmental impacts.

Integrys definition – UTC Smart Grid Workshop 2009

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Smart Grid General Definition

• “Intelligent” Utility Network enabled by End-to-End,

Overlapping Networks tied to “Smart” devices and sensors

• Smart Devices include –– Smart Meters

– Smart Home Appliances

– Remoter Terminal Units

– Video Cameras

– Sensors

• Capturing customer key data and information

• Capturing network data and information

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A Coordinated Substation system is a must

A Coordinated system should cover:

• Standards

• Planning

• Products

• Various Dept.

• System Engineering

• System Communication

• Personnel

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Why, a Coordinated system is required?

• To meet government standards/Norms • NERC,

• CIP,

• etc.

• To meet industry standards • IEEE 1613

• 61850

• etc.

• Deliver better reliable cost effective product to the consumer

• Protect the assets• Provide system access to preapproved staff only

• Protect the data

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What is involved in the Coordination?

• Intelligent IEDs (PMU, RTU, Relays, Comms, etc.)

• Substation grade Reliable products (High performance in all

conditions)

• Security (Meet the industry and Government standards)

• Coordinated system solution (Meet internal and industry

norms)

• etc.

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Who needs a Coordinated system Solution

• Generation,Transmission and Distribution E. Utilities– Substation Engineers,

– Relay Engineers

– Telecom Engineers

– Planning Engineers

– IT Engineers

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What Devices are involved in Substation?

• Protection Relays for various schemes (Current diff.

Directional Comp., Direct transfer trips etc.)

• RTU and Scada Devices

• Fault Recorders (PMUs)

• Admin data transport devices (routers, switches, etc.)

• Voice communication Units (PABX, cross connects)

• Video Surveillance units

• Substation LANs devices

• Communication devices internal and external (PLCs,

Multiplexers, Tone equipment etc.)

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Communication system planning concerns

• Look for industry standards compliant flexible products

• Ability to integrate old & new technologies (transport capacity)

• Allow access to old and new field devices (IEDS)

• Secure access to complete system on demand

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Telecom System Overview

RTU

PMU

RELAY

Data

Telecom

Teleprotection

Etc.

T1

E1

DS1

Channel Bank

Sonet

Ethernet Switches

SDH

IED

Access Mux.

Transport Device

Fiber Optic Cable

Digital Microwave

Leased Lines

Media

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Integrated Communication System Example

Dedicated

LAN

Internet

Remote admin

Layer 3 Router - MPLS

enabled tunnel, or through

SONET (EOS or DS1 TDM)

T1/E1

Loop

FOCUST1/E1 Tie

Local

CO

FOCUS or Brand X Spur

BB FOCUS

BB FOCUSBB FOCUS

FOCUS or Brand X Spur

T1/E1

T1/E1

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Ethernet Standards

Institute of Electrical Engineers – IEEE~ Leading authority on technology for 125 years, dedicated to Ethernet practices

focusing on open standards for everyone to use and follow

Metro Ethernet Forum – MEF~ MEF is a global industry alliance comprising more than 145 organizations

including telecommunications service providers, cable operators, MSOs, network

equipment, test vendors, labs and software manufacturers, semiconductors

vendors and testing organizations. The MEF develops technical specifications and

implementation agreements to promote interoperability and deployment of

Carrier Ethernet worldwide.

Ethernet is an open standard which allows creative solutions to be developed

to solve a number of communications issues. Two main bodies support the

development of Ethernet and its advances

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Flexibility over full the application range

(DS0 to Packet)

• Can be a conventional DS0/T1/E1 TDM Multiplexer with up

to 8 T1/E1 ports, optical or electrical, or

• Can be a TDM to Packet Multiplexer, or– 100 Mbps optical or electrical line side interfaces

• Can be a TDM to Layer 2 Managed Ethernet Switch, or– 1000 Mbps optical SFP based line side interfaces

– Multiple 100 Mbps electrical client side interfaces

– With optional Substation Layer 2 Ethernet Switch integrated in BBF

• Both – Conventional TDM T1/E1 and Packet at the same

time

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Modular design, for ease of Use

• Integrated Modular TDM and Ethernet over Substation

Hardened Platform

• Transport Choices – T1 – over Private Fiber

– DS1 – over Microwave Radio and SONET infrastructures

– DS0/T1 Packetized over Ethernet infrastructure

– Any or All Transport Interfaces types can be used at the same time

• All Utility Applications from a single platform- Low and High Speed Data

-Gigabit Ethernet LAN/WAN

- 10/100 BaseT Fast Ethernet

-Protective Relaying

-SCADA

- Voice

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Modular design, for ease of use

• Hot Standby-Redundant Power Supply– Available as 48 Vdc, 125 Vdc/250 Vdc/120 Vac/240 Vac

• Transframer Module– Optical T1 1310nm and 1550nm – LC connectors

– Electrical DS1 – RJ48 , coaxial, or DB15 connectors

– Up to 4 ports (Up to 8 ports when using 2 Transframer Modules)

• Alternate Path Mode (APM) – High-Speed Path Switching

• SNMP Traps and V.3 Encryption

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Modular Construction

• Standard 19”, 4 RU Chassis

• 15 Universal Channel Module

Slots (position independent)

• Expansion Chassis (12 Additional

Module Slots)

• 6 System Module slots for – Power Supply Module ( 1 or 2)

– Transframer Module ( 4 T1 ports per

module, 1 or 2 modules)

– System Controller Module (1 or 2)

• Hot-swappable module design

• Expansion Chassis option

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Channel Modules

• Primary Voice and Data

Interface Modules– Two-Wire Voice (V2W, V2T)

– Four-Wire Voice (V4W)

– FXO

– FXS

– Addressable Two-Wire Voice

(PBW/PBT)

– Low Speed Data (RS-232)

– Party Line Data Module (PLD)

– High Speed Data (64V, 64R, 64G,

6NR/6NV

– Contact Transfer Module (CTR)

• Data Channel Unit (DCU)

• Protection and Mission

Critical Communications

Modules– Protective Relay Interface

• PRI

• PRS

– Pilot Wire Interface • HCB/HCB1

• SPD

– C37.94 Fiber Interface (6NF)

– Low Speed Data Interface (232)

• Sub-Rate Data Module – SRD-2

– SRD-4

– SRD-4N

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• QoS – prioritize critical traffic applications– Traffic marking and classification

• Optimized Bandwidth Utilization – control channel

bandwidth / channel latency

• VLAN ID – supports logical traffic separation

• Jitter Buffer size

• End to End Mapping – fast channel mapping without having

to set up pass through on in between nodes

Look for reliability, security & availability

Feature Rich - Integrated System – Mission Critical

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Where is Network Latency Delays• Factors of Network Latency Delay

– Broadband TDM/Packet Multiplexer• Back-to back module latency delay – typical range from 850us to 1.25 ms

• Pass through node latency delay – less than 10us per node

– Latency delay through higher order metro or core network nodes• SONET nodes

– Sync DS1 from Channel Bank to OC-n Transport Network Side Main Optics –

125us

– De-sync from OC-n Optics Main to DS1 Tributary Card Port Interface – 125us

– Pass Through Node – 25us to 35us

– Propagation Delay though Fiber • 8 us per mile

• Latency is the delay introduced by network devices as they process

TDM and Packets + Propagation Delay through transport medium

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Look for reliability, security & availability

• Sequence of Events Recording – Store over 4000 events -1 ms

resolution

• Full feature 1-0 DACS– Non-Blocking Fabric– 8 T1 ports external

• Hot-Swappable Chassis/Module Design

• Special Protective Relay Communications Channel Modules

– HCB, HCB-1, SPD– POTT, PUTT, DCB, DCUB, DTT…

• Supports SNMP/ v1, v2, v2C alarm reporting standard

• SNMP v.3 Encryption(Scheduled Release Dec. 2010)

Feature Rich - Integrated System – Mission Critical

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DS0 Channels with 802.1q QoS Settings

• Prioritizes traffic flows by type of service

• Selectable QoS Bit from 0 through 7

• Can be set individually on each DS0 Channel Card

• Allows prioritizing of mission critical traffic through network

• Supported by MPLS enabled Switches and Routers

• Non-critical traffic (lower QoS Bit setting) will be interrupted

while mission critical traffic will continue to be transported

unaffected when network is over subscribed and congestion

occurs. This is critical for protective relaying

communications

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TDM to Ethernet…The Second Layer –

Layer 2/3 Ethernet/IP MPLS enabled Network

• MPLS Protocol Provides

Ethernet with functionality

like SONET and ATM

– Deterministic primary

path (service path)

– Deterministic alternate

path (protection path)

– Less than 50ms path

switching and restoration

• Supports QoS priority

service differentiation

• Provides traffic

engineering (TE) tools to

build LSP tunnels

• Is a Layer 2.5 protocol –

combines quick switching

and routing of interfaces

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Timing Sources – Internal and External

• Packet Clock– Internal Timing – Stratum 3 Clock

– External Timing• BITS Clock (GPS Stratum 1 source)

• DS1 (from upstream higher order transport network)

• Sequence of Events Time Tagging– 1 ms resolution for most events

• IRIG B (Both Modulated and Unmodulated)

• Network Timing Protocol (NTP)

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Operator friendly

• Web Browser based Element/Network Management System

• No proprietary NMS software required on PC

• Complete Node Set-up, Settings, Configurations,

Provisioning, Monitoring, and Management

• Events viewing and downloading

• Status viewing and downloading

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Operator friendly

• Channel mapping

• Administration functions such as setting up user accounts,

uploading firmware updates, password updates

• User Account Security– Administrator = IT Admin Functions and Password Changes

– User = Can make settings to any channel or mapping settings

– Super User = Combination of the Administrator and User Levels

– Guest User = Viewing only

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Look for user friendly flexible software

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Thank you!

“The Bright Star in Utility Communications”

Pulsar – AMETEK Power Instruments

Documents

Communication system for Smart Grid - NYISO … THE BRIGHT STAR IN UTILITY COMMUNICATIONS What Devices are involved in Substation? •Protection Relays for various schemes (Current