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Chapter 1 Information Technology, The Internet and You. Competencies Five parts of Information System System Software and Application Software Three Kinds of System Software Basic and Specialized Application Software Four Types of Computers Four Types of Microcomputers - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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NANJING UNIVERSITY OF INFORMATION SICENCE & TECHNOLOGYNANJING UNIVERSITY OF INFORMATION SICENCE & TECHNOLOGY
CompetenciesCompetencies Five parts of Information SystemFive parts of Information System System Software and Application SoftwareSystem Software and Application Software Three Kinds of System SoftwareThree Kinds of System Software Basic and Specialized Application SoftwareBasic and Specialized Application Software Four Types of ComputersFour Types of Computers Four Types of MicrocomputersFour Types of Microcomputers Different types of Computer HardwareDifferent types of Computer Hardware Data and FilesData and Files Computer Connectivity, Wireless Revolution and InternetComputer Connectivity, Wireless Revolution and Internet
Chapter 1 Information Technology, The Internet and You
NANJING UNIVERSITY OF INFORMATION SICENCE & TECHNOLOGYNANJING UNIVERSITY OF INFORMATION SICENCE & TECHNOLOGY
Key TermsKey Terms• Application SoftwareApplication Software
• Basic ApplicationBasic Application
• Communication DeviceCommunication Device
• Compact Disc(CD)Compact Disc(CD)
• Computer CompetencyComputer Competency
• ConnectivityConnectivity
• DataData
• Database fileDatabase file
• Desktop ComputerDesktop Computer
• Device DriverDevice Driver
• Digital Versatile Disc(DVD)Digital Versatile Disc(DVD)
• Digital Video Disc(DVD)Digital Video Disc(DVD)
• Document FileDocument File
• End UserEnd User
• Floppy DiskFloppy Disk
• HardwareHardware
• High DefinitionHigh Definition
• InformationInformation
• Information SystemInformation System
• Information Technology(IT)Information Technology(IT)
• Input DeviceInput Device
• InternetInternet
• KeyboardKeyboard
• Mainframe ComputerMainframe Computer
• MemoryMemory
• MicrocomputerMicrocomputer
NANJING UNIVERSITY OF INFORMATION SICENCE & TECHNOLOGYNANJING UNIVERSITY OF INFORMATION SICENCE & TECHNOLOGY
Key TermsKey Terms• MicroprocessorMicroprocessor
• Midrange ComputerMidrange Computer
• MinicomputerMinicomputer
• ModemModem
• MonitorMonitor
• MouseMouse
• NetworkNetwork
• Notebook ComputerNotebook Computer
• Operating SystemOperating System
• Optical DiscOptical Disc
• Output DeviceOutput Device
• Palm ComputerPalm Computer
• PeoplePeople
• Personal Digital Assistant(PDA)Personal Digital Assistant(PDA)
• Presentation FilePresentation File
• Primary StoragePrimary Storage
• PrinterPrinter
• ProceduresProcedures
• ProgramProgram
• Random Access Memory(RAM)Random Access Memory(RAM)
• Secondary StorageSecondary Storage
• SoftwareSoftware
• Specialized ApplicationSpecialized Application
• SupercomputerSupercomputer
• System SoftwareSystem Software
• System UnitSystem Unit
• Tablet PCTablet PC
• Wireless RevolutionWireless Revolution
• Worksheet FileWorksheet File
NANJING UNIVERSITY OF INFORMATION SICENCE & TECHNOLOGYNANJING UNIVERSITY OF INFORMATION SICENCE & TECHNOLOGY
Information SystemInformation System Five Parts:Five Parts:
• People: People: End UsersEnd Users
• Procedures: Procedures:
Rules or Guidelines documented in manuals written by computer Rules or Guidelines documented in manuals written by computer
specialistsspecialists
• Software: Software: Program consists of step-by-step instructionsProgram consists of step-by-step instructions
• Hardware: Hardware: Equipments controlled by softwareEquipments controlled by software
• Data: Data: unprocessed or raw factsunprocessed or raw facts
An additional part:An additional part:
• Connectivity: Connectivity: allow computers to connect each other and share informationallow computers to connect each other and share information Information Technology(IT):Information Technology(IT):
NANJING UNIVERSITY OF INFORMATION SICENCE & TECHNOLOGYNANJING UNIVERSITY OF INFORMATION SICENCE & TECHNOLOGY
PeoplePeople The most import part of an information systemThe most import part of an information system
This book help you to become competent with computersThis book help you to become competent with computers
Making IT work for you (Examples in Figure 1-3)Making IT work for you (Examples in Figure 1-3)
Tips (Examples in Figure 1-4)Tips (Examples in Figure 1-4)
Careers in ITCareers in IT
Computing essentials web siteComputing essentials web site
NANJING UNIVERSITY OF INFORMATION SICENCE & TECHNOLOGYNANJING UNIVERSITY OF INFORMATION SICENCE & TECHNOLOGY
Software(Program)Software(Program) Step-by-step instructionsStep-by-step instructions
System software and Application SoftwareSystem software and Application Software
System Software: the one used by the computerSystem Software: the one used by the computer
Application Software: The one used by the end usersApplication Software: The one used by the end users
System softwareSystem software
““Background software” that helps the computer to manage its own internal Background software” that helps the computer to manage its own internal
resourcesresources
Three kinds of System Software:Three kinds of System Software:
Operating SystemsOperating Systems: The most important system software which can : The most important system software which can
coordinate computer resources, provide interface between users and coordinate computer resources, provide interface between users and
computers. Such as Windows XP, Vista, Mac OS, Linux etc.computers. Such as Windows XP, Vista, Mac OS, Linux etc.
NANJING UNIVERSITY OF INFORMATION SICENCE & TECHNOLOGYNANJING UNIVERSITY OF INFORMATION SICENCE & TECHNOLOGY
NANJING UNIVERSITY OF INFORMATION SICENCE & TECHNOLOGYNANJING UNIVERSITY OF INFORMATION SICENCE & TECHNOLOGY
HardwareHardware Four types of ComputersFour types of Computers
SupercomputerSupercomputer
Mainframe computerMainframe computer
Minicomputer (Midrange computer)Minicomputer (Midrange computer)
MicrocomputerMicrocomputer
Four types of microcomputersFour types of microcomputers
Desktop computerDesktop computer
Notebook computer (laptop computer)Notebook computer (laptop computer)
Tablet PCTablet PC
Handled computer(Palm computer):Handled computer(Palm computer):
Personal digital assistant(PDA)Personal digital assistant(PDA)
NANJING UNIVERSITY OF INFORMATION SICENCE & TECHNOLOGYNANJING UNIVERSITY OF INFORMATION SICENCE & TECHNOLOGY
Hardware of MicrocomputersHardware of Microcomputers
System Unit System Unit
• microprocessor (CPU)microprocessor (CPU)
• memory (Primary storage, Random Access Memory: RAM)memory (Primary storage, Random Access Memory: RAM)
Input/output devicesInput/output devices
• Input devices: Input devices: Keyboard, mouse, lighting pen, scannerKeyboard, mouse, lighting pen, scanner
• output devicesoutput devices: monitor, printer, speaker: monitor, printer, speaker
Secondary storagesSecondary storages
• FloppyFloppy
• Hard diskHard disk
• Optical disks: Optical disks: CD, VCD, DVD, High-definition discCD, VCD, DVD, High-definition disc
NANJING UNIVERSITY OF INFORMATION SICENCE & TECHNOLOGYNANJING UNIVERSITY OF INFORMATION SICENCE & TECHNOLOGY
CommunicationCommunication
communication devices:communication devices:
• modemmodem
• adapter cardadapter card
• switcherswitcher
• hubhub
• routerrouter
Communication media:Communication media:
• Telephone lineTelephone line
• Twisted pairTwisted pair
• Coaxial cableCoaxial cable
• Radio, Microwave, infrared lightRadio, Microwave, infrared light
NANJING UNIVERSITY OF INFORMATION SICENCE & TECHNOLOGYNANJING UNIVERSITY OF INFORMATION SICENCE & TECHNOLOGY
DataData
Raw, unprocessed facts, including text, numbers, images and soundsRaw, unprocessed facts, including text, numbers, images and sounds
Four common types of files:Four common types of files:
• Document file: created by word processorsDocument file: created by word processors
• Worksheet file: created by spreadsheetsWorksheet file: created by spreadsheets
• Presentation file: created by presentation graphics programsPresentation file: created by presentation graphics programs
• Database file: created by database management systemsDatabase file: created by database management systems
Connectivity, Wireless Revolution and InternetConnectivity, Wireless Revolution and Internet
• Connectivity: Connectivity:
• Wireless revolutionWireless revolution
• Network: communication systems connecting two or more computersNetwork: communication systems connecting two or more computers
Internet: Internet:
NANJING UNIVERSITY OF INFORMATION SICENCE & TECHNOLOGYNANJING UNIVERSITY OF INFORMATION SICENCE & TECHNOLOGY
Visual SummaryVisual Summary