Compressor Calorimeter Test of R-404A Alternative Refrigerants ARM-31a, D2Y-65, L-40, and R-32/R-134a (50/50) in Medium Temperature Refrigeration Scroll Compressor

Som ShresthaOmar Abdelaziz

January 16th, 2014New York City

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Overview

• Compressor Calorimeter• Test Results

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Test Setup

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Instrument Measured AccuracyRTDs Temperature ± 0.4°F

Mass Flow Sensor Refrigerant mass flow rate ± 0.10%

Power and Energy Meter

Compressor and evaporator power ± 0.5%

Pressure Transmitter Refrigerant pressure, high pressure side

0.25% F.S. [750 psia]

Pressure Transmitter Refrigerant pressure, low pressure side

0.25% F.S. [200 psia]

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Test Conditions• Test condition:70°F to 140°F SDT in 10°F increments -10°F to 35°F SST in 5°F increments Either 20°F or 40°F superheat or 65°F suction temperatureCooling capacity normalized for 0°F subcoolingMax discharge temperature 275°F

•Properties of refrigerants were calculated using REFPROP version 9.0 (Lemmon et al., 2010). Interaction parameters and “mixture” files provided by the refrigerant manufacturers were used in REFPROP to calculate properties of the alternative refrigerants (except for R-32/R-134a mixture) tested.

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Manufacturer's Compressor Performance Data

Evaporating (°F) / Condensing (°F) 20 / 120 Return Gas (°F) / Liquid to Expansion Valve (°F) 65 / 120 Capacity (Btu/hr) 23500Power (Watts) 3320Current (Amps) 15.6EER (Btu/Wh) 7.1Mass Flow (lbs/hr) 495

• The measured cooling capacity and EER were within ± 2.7% and ± 0.2%, respectively, of the manufacturer’s data.

• Intermediate tests confirmed repeatability of cooling capacity within 0.45% and EER within 0.5% at standard test conditions.

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Alternative Refrigerants Tested

Refrigerant Components Mass Fraction, % GWP100

R-404A R-125 / R-143a / R-134a 44/52/4 3700

ARM-31a R-32 / R-134a / R-1234yf 28/21/51 490*

D2Y-65 R-32 / R-1234yf 35/65 253*

L-40 R-32 / R-152a / R-1234yf / R-1234ze(E) 40/10/20/30 302*

R-32/R-134a R-32 / R-134a 50.5/49.5 1040** Calculated based on GWP of pure refrigerants and their mass fraction in the blend

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Refrigerant Test ConditionDeviation from baseline (R-404A)

EER (%) Capacity (%) Discharge Temperature (°F)

ARM-31aEvap 20°F/ Cond 120°F +9.7% -5.6% +24

Over the range -4.4% to +22.8% -18.5% to +6.5% +16 to +36

D2Y-65Evap 20°F/ Cond 120°F +6.5% +0.6% +26

Over the range -4.2% to +14.6% -11.0% to +9.7% +18 to +36

L-40Evap 20°F/ Cond 120°F +9.8% -4.9% +37

Over the range -5.4% to +24.7% -20.0% to +8.9% +25 to +53

R-32 + R-134a mixture

Evap 20°F/ Cond 120°F +4.2% +3.8% +63

Over the range -7.6% to +15.2% -12.6% to +18% +38 to +74

Results

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Results

Saturation Discharge Temperature, °F

EER Ratio

Saturation Suction Temperature, °F

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Results

Saturation Discharge Temperature, °F

Capacity Ratio

Saturation Suction Temperature, °F

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Results

Saturation Discharge Temperature, °F

Discharge Temperature Difference, °F

Saturation Suction Temperature, °F

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Results

Saturation Discharge Temperature, °F

Discharge Temperature Difference, °F

Saturation Suction Temperature, °F

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Conclusions

• EER and cooling capacity for all four alternative refrigerants are higher than that of R-404A at higher SST SDT and lower at lower SST and SDT

• Discharge temperatures of all the alternative refrigerants were significantly higher than that of R-404A at all the test conditions

Note: Complete test data and other details are provided at the AHRI AREP 2013 as test report number 21

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Acknowledgements

• Funding from DOE-BTO and Mr. Antonio Bouza, HVAC&R, and Water Heating TDM at the U.S. DOE for his support

• Dr. Isaac Mahdereka, Mr. Vishaldeep Sharma, Randy Linkous, and Brian Goins, for their support

• Dr. Xudong Wang from AHRI for his support • Arkema, Daikin, Honeywell, and National Refrigerants for providing

lower-GWP alternative refrigerants to test

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References

• ANSI/AHRI 540-2004, Standard for Performance Rating of Positive Displacement Refrigerant Compressors and Compressor Units

• ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 23.1-2010, Methods of Testing for Rating the Performance of

• Lemmon, E.W. Huber, M.L., and McLinden, M. O., 2010, NIST Standard Reference Database 23, NIST Reference Fluid Thermodynamic and Transport Properties—REFPROP. Version 9.0 User's Guide, November 2010.

• Som Shrestha, Vishaldeep Sharma, Omar Abdelaziz, 2013. “Compressor Calorimeter Test of R-404A Alternatives ARM-31a, D2Y-65, L-40, and R-32/R-134a (50/50)”, TEST REPORT #21, Air-Conditioning, Heating, and Refrigeration Institute Low-GWP Alternative Refrigerants Evaluation Program http://www.ahrinet.org/App_Content/ahri/files/RESEARCH/AREP_Final_Reports/AHRI%20Low-GWP%20AREP-Rpt-021.pdf

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Thank You!

Som Shresthashresthass@ornl.gov

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Appendix

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Results: EER Ratios

0.90

0.95

1.00

1.05

1.10

1.15

1.20

1.25

1.30

‐10 ‐5 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35

Suction Dew Point Temperature, °F

EER ARM‐31a / EER R‐404A

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100

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120

130

140

Discharge Dew Point Temp (°F)

0.90

0.95

1.00

1.05

1.10

1.15

1.20

1.25

1.30

‐10 ‐5 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35

Suction Dew Point Temperature, °F

EER D2Y‐65 / EER R‐404A

708090100110120130140

Discharge Dew Point Temp (°F)

0.90

0.95

1.00

1.05

1.10

1.15

1.20

1.25

1.30

‐10 ‐5 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35

Suction Dew Point Temperature, °F

EER L‐40 / EER R‐404A

70

80

90

100

110

120

130

140

Discharge Dew Point Temp (°F)

0.90

0.95

1.00

1.05

1.10

1.15

1.20

1.25

1.30

‐10 ‐5 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35

Suction Dew Point Temperature, °F

EER R32 + R‐134a mixture / EER R‐404A

708090100110120130140

Discharge Dew Point Temp (°F)

ARM-31a

L-40

D2Y-65

R32 + R-134a