COMPUTERPresented by:Hamza Irfan (15-CP-58)Annas Zameer (15-CP-14)

WHAT IS A COMPUTER?It is an electronic device that takes data as input, processes it and then gives output and also stores it for further processing.

Fig. 1.0.0

A BRIEF HISTORY OF COMPUTERS

• The history of computers starts out about 2000 years ago in Babylonia (Mesopotamia), at the birth of the abacus, a wooden rack holding two horizontal wires with beads strung on them.

Fig. 1.1.0 Abacus• Blaise Pascal is usually credited for building the first digital computer in 1642. It

added numbers entered with dials and was made to help his father, a tax collector.

Fig. 1.1.1 First Digital Computer

CLASSIFICATION OF A COMPUTER SYSTEM

Computer system is classified into two major categories:

1. Hardware2. Software

HARDWARE

Hardware comprises of the physical parts of a computer system. It acts as the body of a computer system. Just like human body has further parts for appropriate functioning, hardware also consists of different parts:

I/O DEVICES

Fig. 1.2.0 Mouse Fig. 1.2.1 Keyboard Fig. 1.2.2 Speakers

Fig. 1.2.3 Monitor Fig.1.2.4 Printer Fig. 1.2.5 Plotter

PROCESSOR A processor is the brain of computer. It handles all the processing activities.

Fig. 1.3.0 Intel Core i7 Processor

MAIN MEMORY It holds data and instructions temporarily. It is the working area of a computer system. It is a volatile memory.

TYPES OF MAIN MEMORY

Fig. 1.4.0 RAM Fig. 1.4.1 ROM

SECONDARY STORAGE DEVICES It is used to store data and instructions permanently. It is non-volatile memory.

TYPES OF SECONDARY STORAGE DEVICES

Fig. 1.5.0 HDD Fig. 1.5.1 Floppy Disk

SOFTWAREA set of instructions given to the computer to

solve any problem is called software.A computer cannot do anything without

software.Computer is a dull and dumb machine that

cannot do anything without software.

TYPES OF SOFTWARE

there are 2 types of software 1) SYSTEM SOFTWARE 2) APPLICATION SOFTWARE

SYSTEM SOFTWARE

The software that fulfils the basic needs of computer system is called system software.

It is the soul of computer system.

TYPES OF SYSTEM SOFTWARE

1:Operating system (os) 2.utility programs3. device drivers

OPERATING SYSTEM An os is a set of programs that runs and provides an environment to run other

programs. A computer cannot do anything without os.

DEVICE DRIVERSA program that allows a device to plug with the computer system.

printer driver flash drivers internet device drivers

UTILITY PROGRAMS A set of programs that perform tasks related to the management of computer

system

passwordDisk management softwareMemory management software

APPLICATION SOFTWARE A set of instructions given to the computer to solve the problems of the user . There are many app software today

MS wordVlc media playerInternet exploreridm

TYPES OF APPLICATION SOFTWARE

1)Of the shelf programs2)Tailor made applications

OFF THE SHELF PROGRAMS

These programs are designed for general public

Ms wordMs excelMozila firefoxWindow media player

TAILOR MADE APPLICATIONSThe programs that are designed according to needs of a particular customer

POS SOFTWARESTUDENT RESULT SOFTWAREGPA CALCULATING SOFTWARE