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Computer Basics Flashcards #2State Exam Review
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HARDWARE Physical parts of the computer
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SYSTEM UNIT
Case that holds and protects the computer
components
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MICRO-PROCESSOR
ORCPU
A highly complex microchip that
functions as the brain of the
computer – all processing is done
here
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HERTZMEGAHERTZGIGAHERTZ
A way to measure speed of computer
components such as buses, processor,
and memory
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ROM(READ ONLY MEMORY)
A computer chip that stores specific
instructions to manage the computer’s operation; the
instructions remain permanently on the chip and cannot be changed
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BOOTPROCESS
ORBOOTING
UP
Starting up the computer
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BOOTSECTOR
A small program on the hard drive that tells the computer
how to begin loading programs
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RAM(RANDOM ACCESS
MEMORY)
A computer’s temporary memory; the memory is lost when the computer
is turned off
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HARDDISK
A rigid magnetic storage device in the computer. It holds a
lot of data and all the programs you
use on your computer.
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VIDEOCARD
Connects the computer to the
monitor
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SOUNDCARD
Connects the speakers and
microphone to the computer
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MODEM Connects the computer to a telephone line
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NETWORKCARD
Connects the computer to a
network usually using special cables
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PERIPHERALDEVICES
Devices connected by cable to the
computer
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PRINTER
EXTERNAL HARD DRIVE
DIGITAL CAMERA
Examples of Peripheral Devices
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INPUTDEVICES
Any device used to input data into the
computer
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TOUCHPADKEYBOARDSCANNERMOUSE
BARCODE READER
MICROPHONEGAME
CONTROLLER
Examples of Input Devices
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PIXEL The basic unit of an image
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RESOLUTION Amount of pixels on the screen
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OUTPUTDEVICES
Device used to receive output from
the computer
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PRINTERMONITORSPEAKERS
HEADPHONESPROJECTOR
Examples of Output Devices
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STORAGE DEVICES
A hardware device used to record and
store data when the computer is turned
off
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CD DRIVECD/DVD
HARD DISKFLASH DRIVE
EXTERNAL HARD DRIVE
Examples of Storage Devices
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PROGRAM OR COMPUTER PROGRAM
A list of instructions for the computer
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PLATFORM Compatible computers like PC or Mac – Use the same
operating system and software
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SOFTWARE Computer programs that tell the
computer what to do
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APPLICATION SOFTWARE
Software that performs a specific
function such as word processing,
presentations, or a game.
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OPERATING SYSTEM
SOFTWARE
Software that provides an
interface between the hardware, the
user, and application software – helps the computer operate
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MULTITASKING The ability to run more than one
software program at the same time
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WINDOWS
Operating system developed by
Microsoft and used on PC’s. Offers a
graphical user interface (GUI)
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GRAPHICAL USER
INTERFACE (GUI)
Allows users to control the computer
by pointing and clicking at graphical
images such as icons, windows, and
menus
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ICON An image that represents a file,
folder, or program
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MENU A list or table of options
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FOLDER A way to organize files into logical and manageable groups
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FILENAME EXTENSIONS
An extension assigned to each file which tells the type
of file (.doc for Word, .jpg for images)
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BACKUP FILES Make a copy of your files or save in two different hardware
locations
Good Luck on the Test!
